National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Access to Care (2)
- Anxiety (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Care Coordination (1)
- Caregiving (3)
- Children/Adolescents (5)
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- (-) Disabilities (21)
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- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (2)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Newborns/Infants (2)
- Nursing (1)
- Nutrition (3)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Pregnancy (3)
- Prevention (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Screening (1)
- Sexual Health (2)
- Social Determinants of Health (3)
- Stroke (2)
- Vulnerable Populations (5)
- Women (5)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 21 of 21 Research Studies DisplayedCapo-Lugo CE, Askew RL, Naidech A
Patients with greater stroke severity and premorbid disability are less likely to receive therapist consultations and intervention during acute care hospitalization.
The goal of this single-center longitudinal observational study was to estimate the proportion of and factors associated with receipt of therapist consultations and interventions during acute care hospitalization following ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Findings showed that approximately 1 in 4 study participants with acute stroke received neither a consultation nor an intervention. The authors conclude that efforts to improve the delivery of acute care therapy services are needed to optimize care for these people.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Capo-Lugo CE, Askew RL, Naidech A .
Patients with greater stroke severity and premorbid disability are less likely to receive therapist consultations and intervention during acute care hospitalization.
Phys Ther 2019 Nov 25;99(11):1431-42. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzz116..
Keywords: Disabilities, Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Access to Care
Sobotka SA, Lynch E, Quinn MT
Unmet respite needs of children with medical technology dependence.
Children with medical technology dependency (MTD) require a medical device to compensate for a vital body function and substantial nursing care. As such, they require constant high-level supervision. Respite care provides caregivers with a temporary break, and is associated with reduced stress; however, there are often barriers. The study utilizes mixed methodology with the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (NS-CSHCN) and semistructured interviews with state-wide care coordinators to understand the gap for respite care services.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Sobotka SA, Lynch E, Quinn MT .
Unmet respite needs of children with medical technology dependence.
Clin Pediatr 2019 Oct;58(11-12):1175-86. doi: 10.1177/0009922819870251..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medical Devices, Disabilities, Caregiving, Home Healthcare, Care Coordination
Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M
Food insecurity patterns before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income.
The objective of this study was to assess patterns of food insecurity before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits. The investigators concluded that food insecurity rose prior to SSI entry but may be alleviated by programme benefits. They suggest that greater nutritional supports for SSI applicants awaiting decisions may reduce the burden of food insecurity in this population and improve health outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026317.
Citation: Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M .
Food insecurity patterns before and after initial receipt of Supplemental Security Income.
Public Health Nutr 2019 Jul;22(10):1909-13. doi: 10.1017/s1368980019000570..
Keywords: Nutrition, Low-Income, Disabilities, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M
Association of health status with receipt of supplemental security income among individuals with severe disabilities and very low income and assets.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a cash-transfer program for individuals with severe disabilities and very low incomes and assets. The investigators analyzed data from the first 12 waves of the 2008 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation. They found that there was a sharp decline in health status among eventual SSI recipients in the year before program entry and a modest improvement and stabilization in health status after entry. The investigators also discuss the limitations and implications of their study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026317.
Citation: Sonik RA, Parish SL, Mitra M .
Association of health status with receipt of supplemental security income among individuals with severe disabilities and very low income and assets.
JAMA Intern Med 2019 Jun;179(6):842-43. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.8609..
Keywords: Health Status, Vulnerable Populations, Nutrition, Disabilities, Social Determinants of Health
Arana E, Carroll-Scott A, Massey PM
Racial/ethnic disparities in mammogram frequency among women with intellectual disability.
The purpose of this study was to collect survey and medical record data to examine associations between intellectual disability (ID) and race/ethnicity on mammogram frequency. Hispanic and Black women with ID are more likely than White women with ID to have mammograms every 2 years. Women who live in State-funded residences, are aged 50 and over, and had a mild or moderate level of ID impairment were more likely to have mammograms compared to those who lived with family or alone, were under 50, or who had severe ID impairment. The authors conclude that further research is needed to understand the mechanisms that explain these disparities.
AHRQ-funded; HS023966.
Citation: Arana E, Carroll-Scott A, Massey PM .
Racial/ethnic disparities in mammogram frequency among women with intellectual disability.
Intellect Dev Disabil 2019 Jun;57(3):177-87. doi: 10.1352/1934-9556-57.3.177..
Keywords: Disabilities, Disparities, Imaging, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening, Women
Wu J, Braunschweig Y, Harris LH
Looking back while moving forward: a justice-based, intersectional approach to research on contraception and disability.
This paper discusses the higher use of female sterilization than long-acting reversible contraception use among women with disabilities compared to women without disabilities. The reasons for that were discussed and the authors advocate for a justice-based intersectional approach to research on contraception and disability.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Wu J, Braunschweig Y, Harris LH .
Looking back while moving forward: a justice-based, intersectional approach to research on contraception and disability.
Contraception 2019 May;99(5):267-71. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2019.01.006..
Keywords: Disabilities, Sexual Health, Vulnerable Populations, Women
Chien AT, Toomey SL, Kuo DZ
Care quality and spending among commercially insured children with disabilities.
Researchers examined the prevalence of children with disabilities (CWD) within a commercially insured population and compared outpatient care quality and annual health plan spending levels for CWD relative to children with complex medical conditions without disabilities; children with chronic conditions that are not complex; and children without disabling, complex, or chronic conditions. The cross-sectional study comprised over 1M person-years of Blue Cross Blue Shield Massachusetts data for beneficiaries aged from 1 to 19 years. The researchers found that CWD were prevalent in the commercially insured population, with these children experiencing suboptimal levels of care which were comparable to non-CWD groups. They concluded that improving the care value for CWD involves a deeper understanding of what higher spending delivers and additional aspects of care quality.
AHRQ-funded; HS025299.
Citation: Chien AT, Toomey SL, Kuo DZ .
Care quality and spending among commercially insured children with disabilities.
Acad Pediatr 2019 Apr;19(3):291-99. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2018.06.004..
Keywords: Quality of Care, Children/Adolescents, Disabilities, Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance
Horner-Johnson W, Moe EL, Stoner RC
Contraceptive knowledge and use among women with intellectual, physical, or sensory disabilities: a systematic review.
The objective of this study was to systematically review published literature on women with disabilities and: 1) contraceptive knowledge; 2) attitudes and preferences regarding contraception; 3) contraceptive use; 4) barriers and facilitators to informed contraceptive use; and 5) effectiveness of interventions to improve informed contraceptive decision-making and use. The investigators concluded that women with disabilities may use a more narrow mix of contraceptive methods and were often less knowledgeable about contraceptives than women without disabilities.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Horner-Johnson W, Moe EL, Stoner RC .
Contraceptive knowledge and use among women with intellectual, physical, or sensory disabilities: a systematic review.
Disabil Health J 2019 Apr;12(2):139-54. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.11.006..
Keywords: Disabilities, Sexual Health, Women
Horner-Johnson W, Biel FM, Caughey AB
Differences in prenatal care by presence and type of maternal disability.
This study examined timing and frequency of prenatal care of women with disabilities by disability type. A retrospective cohort study was done of all births in California from 2000-2012. Women with intellectual/developmental disabilities, or limited hearing had the most significant risk of receiving less prenatal care compared to women with physical disabilities. However women with intellectual/developmental or physical disabilities may have a higher than normal number of prenatal visits. Delays in prenatal care may result in poorer birth outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Horner-Johnson W, Biel FM, Caughey AB .
Differences in prenatal care by presence and type of maternal disability.
Am J Prev Med 2019 Mar;56(3):376-82. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.10.021..
Keywords: Disabilities, Healthcare Utilization, Pregnancy, Vulnerable Populations, Women
Burgdorf J, Mulcahy J, Amjad H
Family caregiver factors associated with emergency department utilization among community-living older adults with disabilities.
This study examined characteristics of family caregivers of older community-living adults with disabilities that use emergency departments (EDs). They found in their sample of 2521 community-living older adults that have visited the ED one or more times within 12 months of their interview that the primary caregivers provided greater than 40 hours of care per week, helped with health care tasks, or experienced physical strain.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Burgdorf J, Mulcahy J, Amjad H .
Family caregiver factors associated with emergency department utilization among community-living older adults with disabilities.
J Prim Care Community Health 2019 Jan-Dec;10:2150132719875636. doi: 10.1177/2150132719875636..
Keywords: Elderly, Emergency Department, Disabilities, Healthcare Utilization, Caregiving
Coyle CE, Putman M, Kramer J
The role of aging and disability resource centers in serving adults aging with intellectual disabilities and their families: findings from seven states.
The purpose of this project was to assess the activities of aging and disability resource centers (ADRCs) as they seek to serve older adults with intellectual disabilities and their family caregivers. Results of this qualitative analysis indicate that ADRCs are not focusing explicitly on adults aging with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their family caregivers.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Coyle CE, Putman M, Kramer J .
The role of aging and disability resource centers in serving adults aging with intellectual disabilities and their families: findings from seven states.
J Aging Soc Policy 2016;28(1):1-14. doi: 10.1080/08959420.2015.1096142.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Disabilities, Elderly, Long-Term Care
Barile JP, Horner-Johnson W, Krahn G
Measurement characteristics for two health-related quality of life measures in older adults: the SF-36 and the CDC Healthy Days items.
This study assessed the extent to which the SF-36 and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Healthy Days items measure the same aspects of health. It found that the CDC Healthy Days items measure similar domains as the SF-36 but appear to assess health-related quality of life without regard to limitations in functioning.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Barile JP, Horner-Johnson W, Krahn G .
Measurement characteristics for two health-related quality of life measures in older adults: the SF-36 and the CDC Healthy Days items.
Disabil Health J 2016 Oct;9(4):567-74. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.04.008.
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Keywords: Disabilities, Elderly, Health Status, Quality of Life
Carmody D, Pastore AN, Landmeier KA
Patients with KCNJ11-related diabetes frequently have neuropsychological impairments compared with sibling controls.
This study compared neurodevelopmental outcomes in patients with KCNJ11 mutations and their sibling controls. It found that patients with KCNJ11-related diabetes without global developmental delay had significant differences compared with sibling controls on a range of assessments including IQ, measures of academic achievement and executive function.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Carmody D, Pastore AN, Landmeier KA .
Patients with KCNJ11-related diabetes frequently have neuropsychological impairments compared with sibling controls.
Diabet Med 2016 Oct;33(10):1380-6. doi: 10.1111/dme.13159.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Disabilities, Neurological Disorders, Newborns/Infants
Horner-Johnson W, Dobbertin K
Dental insurance and dental care among working-age adults: differences by type and complexity of disability.
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in dental insurance, receipt of dental checkups, and delayed and unmet needs for dental care by type and complexity of disability. It found that all disability types except hearing had significantly higher adjusted odds of being without dental insurance, as did people with complex activity limitations. Further, disparities in care were apparent even when controlling for presence of dental insurance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Horner-Johnson W, Dobbertin K .
Dental insurance and dental care among working-age adults: differences by type and complexity of disability.
J Public Health Dent 2016 Sep;76(4):330-39. doi: 10.1111/jphd.12160.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Dental and Oral Health, Disabilities, Health Insurance, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
Navarra AM, Schlau R, Murray M
Assessing nursing care needs of children with complex medical conditions: The Nursing-Kids Intensity of Care Survey (N-KICS).
The researchers designed and tested the Nursing-Kids Intensity of Care Survey (N-KICS) tool and describe intensity of nursing care for children with complex medical conditions. Their psychometric evaluation confirmed an acceptable standard for reliability and validity and feasibility. Intensity scores were highest for nursing care related to infection control, medication administration, nutrition, diaper changes, hygiene, neurological and respiratory support, and standing program.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Navarra AM, Schlau R, Murray M .
Assessing nursing care needs of children with complex medical conditions: The Nursing-Kids Intensity of Care Survey (N-KICS).
J Pediatr Nurs 2016 May-Jun;31(3):299-310. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2015.11.012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Disabilities, Long-Term Care, Nursing, Vulnerable Populations
Johnco C, Lewin AB, Salloum A
Adverse prenatal, perinatal and neonatal experiences in children with anxiety disorders.
The authors examined the incidence of adverse prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal experiences among children with anxiety disorders. They found several associations between neonatal complications and subsequent clinical symptomology, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depressive comorbidity, anxiety severity and functional impairment.
AHRQ-funded; HS018665.
Citation: Johnco C, Lewin AB, Salloum A .
Adverse prenatal, perinatal and neonatal experiences in children with anxiety disorders.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2016 Apr;47(2):317-25. doi: 10.1007/s10578-015-0569-4.
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Keywords: Anxiety, Children/Adolescents, Disabilities, Pregnancy
Horner-Johnson W, Darney BG, Kulkarni-Rajasekhara S
Pregnancy among US women: differences by presence, type, and complexity of disability.
The purpose of this study was to describe the occurrence of pregnancy among women with various types of disability and with differing levels of disability complexity, compared with women without disabilities, in a nationally representative sample. Women with the most complex disabilities (those that impact activities such as self-care and work) were less likely to have been pregnant, but women whose disabilities affected only basic actions did not differ significantly from women with no disabilities.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Horner-Johnson W, Darney BG, Kulkarni-Rajasekhara S .
Pregnancy among US women: differences by presence, type, and complexity of disability.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016 Apr;214(4):529.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.10.929.
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Keywords: Disabilities, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Pregnancy, Women
Bennett WE, Jr., Hendrix KS, Thompson-Fleming RT
Early cow's milk introduction is associated with failed personal-social milestones after 1 year of age.
The researchers used a novel computerized decision support system to gather data from multiple general pediatrics offices.They found an association between the introduction of cow's milk before 1 year of age and the rate of delayed developmental milestones after 1 year of age, adding strength to the recommendations from the AAP and IOM to delay cow's milk introduction until after 1 year of age.
AHRQ-funded; HS017939; HS018453; HS020640.
Citation: Bennett WE, Jr., Hendrix KS, Thompson-Fleming RT .
Early cow's milk introduction is associated with failed personal-social milestones after 1 year of age.
Eur J Pediatr 2014 Jul;173(7):887-92. doi: 10.1007/s00431-014-2265-y.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Disabilities, Health Information Technology (HIT), Newborns/Infants, Nutrition
Davidoff AJ, Gardner LD, Zuckerman IH
AHRQ Author: Davidoff AJ
Validation of disability status, a claims-based measure of functional status for cancer treatment and outcomes studies.
The researchers implemented and validated a disability status (DS) measure in 4 cohorts of cancer patients. They found that the DS measure is a significant independent predictor of cancer-directed treatment, but unobserved factors continue to play a role in determining treatments.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Davidoff AJ, Gardner LD, Zuckerman IH .
Validation of disability status, a claims-based measure of functional status for cancer treatment and outcomes studies.
Med Care 2014 Jun;52(6):500-10. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000122.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Disabilities, Health Status, Cancer: Lung Cancer
Rowland M, Peterson-Besse J, Dobbertin K
Health outcome disparities among subgroups of people with disabilities: a scoping review.
The authors described recent research activity that has examined health outcome disparities within populations of people with disabilities. They found that the health outcomes most frequently examined were diabetes and heart disease, and the most frequently examined disparity factors were the type of disabling condition and gender. Identifying that there are significant gaps in available research, they concluded that building a body of research that identifies disparities and potentially vulnerable subgroups may improve understanding of the causes of disparities and contribute to efforts to improve quality of life and health outcomes for individuals with disabilities.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Rowland M, Peterson-Besse J, Dobbertin K .
Health outcome disparities among subgroups of people with disabilities: a scoping review.
Disabil Health J 2014 Apr;7(2):136-50. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.09.003.
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Keywords: Disabilities, Disparities, Health Status, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Bettger JP, Zhao X, Bushnell C
The association between socioeconomic status and disability after stroke: findings from the Adherence eValuation After Ischemic stroke Longitudinal (AVAIL) registry.
The authors examined the association of three indicators of SES--educational attainment, working status, and perceived adequacy of household income--with disability 3-months following an acute ischemic stroke. They found that 58% of the Adherence eValuation After Ischemic stroke--Longitudinal study patients had a high school or less education, 61% were not working, and 27% perceived their household income as inadequate prior to their stroke. Thirty five percent of patients were disabled at 3-months. They concluded that, in this cohort of stroke survivors, socioeconomic status was associated with disability following acute ischemic stroke.
AHRQ-funded; HS019479; HS016964.
Citation: Bettger JP, Zhao X, Bushnell C .
The association between socioeconomic status and disability after stroke: findings from the Adherence eValuation After Ischemic stroke Longitudinal (AVAIL) registry.
BMC Public Health 2014 Mar 26;14:281. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-281.
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Keywords: Disabilities, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Social Determinants of Health, Stroke