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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedAnesi GL, Jablonski J, Harhay MO
Characteristics, outcomes, and trends of patients with COVID-19-related critical illness at a learning health system in the United States.
This study’s objective is to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19-related critical illness, including trends in outcomes and care delivery, using five hospitals within the University of Pennsylvania Health System as a setting. Findings showed that, among patients with COVID-19-related critical illness admitted to ICUs of a learning health system in the United States, mortality seemed to decrease over time despite stable patient characteristics. Recommendations included further studies to confirm this result and to investigate causal mechanisms.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Anesi GL, Jablonski J, Harhay MO .
Characteristics, outcomes, and trends of patients with COVID-19-related critical illness at a learning health system in the United States.
Ann Intern Med 2021 May;174(5):613-21. doi: 10.7326/m20-5327..
Keywords: COVID-19, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Mortality, Hospitals, Outcomes, Infectious Diseases
Gershengorn HB, Hu Y, Chen JT
The impact of high-flow nasal cannula use on patient mortality and the availability of mechanical ventilators in COVID-19.
This study looked at the effects of the use of high-flow nasal cannula for COVID-19 patients on mortality and the availability of mechanical ventilators. The authors constructed dynamical simulation models of high-flow nasal cannula and mechanical ventilation use in the United States. There were two outcomes looked for: 1) cumulative number of deaths; and 2) days without available ventilators. The strategy resulted in an estimated number of 10,000-40,000 fewer deaths than if high-flow nasal cannula were not available. This strategy also led up to 25 fewer days without available ventilators.
AHRQ-funded; HS026188.
Citation: Gershengorn HB, Hu Y, Chen JT .
The impact of high-flow nasal cannula use on patient mortality and the availability of mechanical ventilators in COVID-19.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021 Apr;18(4):623-31. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202007-803OC..
Keywords: COVID-19, Respiratory Conditions, Mortality, Critical Care
Hakkarainen TW, Arbabi S, Willis MM
Outcomes of patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities after acute care hospitalizations.
This study evaluated previously independent older patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and identified risk factors for failure to return home and death and development of a predictive tool to determine likelihood of adverse outcome. It found that a large proportion of older patients discharging to SNFs never return home.
AHRQ-funded; HS020025.
Citation: Hakkarainen TW, Arbabi S, Willis MM .
Outcomes of patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities after acute care hospitalizations.
Ann Surg 2016 Feb;263(2):280-5. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001367..
Keywords: Critical Care, Hospitalization, Risk, Elderly, Mortality
Nagendran M, Dimick JB, Gonzalez AA
Mortality among older adults before versus after hospital transition to intensivist staffing.
The researchers sought to determine whether hospitals can reduce their mortality by adopting an intensivist staffing model. Adoption of an intensivist staffing model was not associated with improved mortality in Medicare beneficiaries. These findings suggest that the lower mortality rates previously observed at hospitals with intensivist staffing may be attributable to other factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS023621; HS024403.
Citation: Nagendran M, Dimick JB, Gonzalez AA .
Mortality among older adults before versus after hospital transition to intensivist staffing.
Med Care 2016 Jan;54(1):67-73. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000446.
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Keywords: Mortality, Elderly, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospitalization, Critical Care
Lanspa MJ, Dickerson J, Morris AH
Coefficient of glucose variation is independently associated with mortality in critically ill patients receiving intravenous insulin.
The researchers studied the association between coefficient of variation of glucose and mortality and also whether the association between glycemic variability and mortality was independent of hypoglycemia and other patient attributes. They found that blood glucose coefficient of variation was associated with 30-day mortality both in diabetic as well as in non-diabetic patients. The association was independent of hypoglycemia, blood glucose target, age, disease severity, and comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS006594.
Citation: Lanspa MJ, Dickerson J, Morris AH .
Coefficient of glucose variation is independently associated with mortality in critically ill patients receiving intravenous insulin.
Crit Care 2014 Apr 30;18(2):R86. doi: 10.1186/cc13851..
Keywords: Critical Care, Mortality, Diabetes
Patel RB, Mathur MB, Gould M
Demographic and clinical predictors of mortality from highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection: CART analysis of international cases.
The researchers for this international study sought to model individuals at highest risk of mortality from HPAI N5N1 virus infection in order to inform preventive and therapeutic interventions. They found that age, health expenditure, delay from symptom onset to hospitalization and country are significant predictors of mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS019816
Citation: Patel RB, Mathur MB, Gould M .
Demographic and clinical predictors of mortality from highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection: CART analysis of international cases.
PLoS One. 2014 Mar 25;9(3):e91630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091630..
Keywords: Influenza, Mortality, Critical Care, Hospitalization, Risk