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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Arthritis (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
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- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (6)
- Elderly (1)
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- Opioids (1)
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- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (9)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedDe B, Pasalic D, Barocas DA
Patient-reported outcomes after external beam radiotherapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost vs radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer: five-year results from a prospective comparative effectiveness study.
The purpose of this study was to compare patient reported outcomes through 5 years following radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost for localized prostate cancer. The researchers enrolled men 80 years of age or under who had localized prostate adenocarcinoma and followed them longitudinally from 2011 to 2012. The study found that when compared with radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost was related with clinically meaningful worse urinary irritative/obstructive and better urinary incontinence function through 5 years. Urinary function bother was similar between groups. Treatment with external beam radiation therapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost was associated with worse bowel function through 5 years compared to radical prostatectomy. Treatment with external beam radiation therapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost was associated with better sexual function at 1 year compared to radical prostatectomy, but there was insufficient evidence to reject the supposition that no difference was seen at 3 or 5 years. The researcher concluded that external beam radiation therapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost was related with clinically meaningful worse urinary irritative/obstructive and bowel functions but better urinary incontinence function through 5 years after treatment compared to radical prostatectomy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation: De B, Pasalic D, Barocas DA .
Patient-reported outcomes after external beam radiotherapy with low dose rate brachytherapy boost vs radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer: five-year results from a prospective comparative effectiveness study.
J Urol 2022 Dec;208(6):1226-39. doi: 10.1097/ju.0000000000002902..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Treatments
Korthuis PT, Cook RR, Lum PJ
HIV clinic-based extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for people with HIV and opioid use disorder: a non-blinded, randomized non-inferiority trial.
Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) treatment medications can improve outcomes for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and also reduce opioid use. The purpose of the study was to determine if outpatient naltrexone treatment could also reduce opioid use and improve outcomes for HIV. The researchers reported that enrollment was stopped early because of slower than expected recruitment, resulting in 114 final participants with untreated OUD and HIV, with 62% positive for fentanyl, 60% positive for cocaine, and 47% positive for other opioids at the baseline. The intervention compared treatment as usual (TAU) of methadone or buprenorphine with extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) on group differences in viral suppression at 24 weeks and past 30-day use of opioids at 24 weeks. The study reported that at 24 weeks the outcome of viral suppression was similar for TAU and XR-NTX, and that fewer XR-NTX participants initiated medication than TAU participants. The outcome of previous 30-day use of opioids was similar for TAU as compared to XR-NTX. Of those participants who did initiate medication, those administered XR-NTX experienced less days of opioid use when compared with TAU in the prior 30 days. The researchers reported that the study evidence was not conclusive but did support that XR-NTX is not inferior to TAU for HIV viral suppression, and that study participants who started XR-NTX used less opioids at 24 weeks than participants who were administered TAU.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Korthuis PT, Cook RR, Lum PJ .
HIV clinic-based extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for people with HIV and opioid use disorder: a non-blinded, randomized non-inferiority trial.
Addiction 2022 Jul;117(7):1961-71. doi: 10.1111/add.15836..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Opioids, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Medication, Treatments, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Devine EB, Alfonso-Cristancho R, Yanez ND
Effectiveness of a medical vs revascularization intervention for intermittent leg claudication based on patient-reported outcomes.
This study compared the effectiveness of a medical (walking program, smoking cessation counseling, and medications) vs revascularization (endovascular or surgical) intervention for intermittent claudication (IC) in the community, focusing on outcomes of greatest importance to patients. Among patients with IC, those in the revascularization cohort had significantly improved function (Walking Impairment Questionnaire), better health-related quality of life , and fewer symptoms at 12 months compared with those in the medical cohort.
AHRQ-funded; HS020025.
Citation: Devine EB, Alfonso-Cristancho R, Yanez ND .
Effectiveness of a medical vs revascularization intervention for intermittent leg claudication based on patient-reported outcomes.
JAMA Surg 2016 Oct 19;151(10):e162024. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.2024.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life, Treatments
Fitzgerald GK, Fritz JM, Childs JD
Exercise, manual therapy, and use of booster sessions in physical therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a multi-center, factorial randomized clinical trial.
The purposes of this paper are to determine if (1) treatment effects differ between participants receiving manual therapy (MT) with exercise compared to subjects who don't, and if (2) treatment effects are better sustained when participants receive booster sessions compared to those who don't over a one year period in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. The researchers found that MT or use of boosters with exercise did not result in additive improvement in the primary outcome at 1 year. Also, secondary outcomes suggest MT may have some short term benefit, and booster sessions may improve responder status and knee pain at 1 year.
AHRQ-funded; HS019624.
Citation: Fitzgerald GK, Fritz JM, Childs JD .
Exercise, manual therapy, and use of booster sessions in physical therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a multi-center, factorial randomized clinical trial.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016 Aug;24(8):1340-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.03.001.
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Keywords: Arthritis, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Treatments
Farias AJ, Du XL
Ethnic differences in initiation and timing of adjuvant endocrine therapy among older women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer enrolled in Medicare Part D.
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in initiation and timing of adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) after Medicare Part D drug coverage. After controlling for all variables, only Asian women were found to have a greater odds of initiation of overall AET compared to non-Hispanic white women. Hispanic Mexicans and non-Hispanic black patients had a significantly lower odds of tamoxifen initiation.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Farias AJ, Du XL .
Ethnic differences in initiation and timing of adjuvant endocrine therapy among older women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer enrolled in Medicare Part D.
Med Oncol 2016 Feb;33(2):19. doi: 10.1007/s12032-016-0732-1.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Treatments, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Poonawalla IB, Piller LB, Lairson DR
Impact of hematopoietic growth factors on blood transfusion needs, incidence of neutropenia, and overall survival among elderly advanced ovarian cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.
The researchers sought to determine the effectiveness of erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF) in reducing blood transfusion needs and neutropenia incidence in community-dwelling elderly ovarian cancer patients. They found that erythropoietin-stimulating agents were effective in reducing blood transfusion need. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors were effective in lowering neutropenia incidence and also were associated with improved survival in elderly ovarian cancer patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Poonawalla IB, Piller LB, Lairson DR .
Impact of hematopoietic growth factors on blood transfusion needs, incidence of neutropenia, and overall survival among elderly advanced ovarian cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.
Int J Gynecol Cancer 2016 Jan;26(1):95-103. doi: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000564.
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Keywords: Cancer, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Elderly, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Dulai PS, Siegel CA, Colombel JF
Systematic review: monotherapy with antitumour necrosis factor alpha agents versus combination therapy with an immunosuppressive for IBD.
The authors discussed the efficacy and the risks of anti-TNF monotherapy versus combination therapy with an immunosuppressive in patients with IBD. They concluded that the addition of an immunosuppressive to anti-TNF therapy improves treatment efficacy for infliximab in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Further, the use of combination therapy appears to add no significant incremental risk for serious infections above that seen with anti-TNF or immunosuppressive monotherapy in most patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS021747.
Citation: Dulai PS, Siegel CA, Colombel JF .
Systematic review: monotherapy with antitumour necrosis factor alpha agents versus combination therapy with an immunosuppressive for IBD.
Gut 2014 Dec;63(12):1843-53. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307126.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Treatments
Goode AP, Richardson WJ, Schectman RM
Complications, revision fusions, readmissions, and utilization over a 1-year period after bone morphogenetic protein use during primary cervical spine fusions.
The authors sought to determine the 1-year risk of complications, cervical revision fusions, hospital readmissions, and health care services utilization after bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) use with cervical spine fusions. They found that patients receiving BMP were 29% more likely to have a complication and a nervous system complication; cervical revision fusions were more likely among patients receiving BMP; the risk of 30-day readmission was greater with BMP use; and readmission occurred 27.4% sooner on an average. Additionally, patients receiving BMP were more likely to receive computed tomography scans and epidurals with anterior surgical approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS019479.
Citation: Goode AP, Richardson WJ, Schectman RM .
Complications, revision fusions, readmissions, and utilization over a 1-year period after bone morphogenetic protein use during primary cervical spine fusions.
Spine J 2014 Sep;14(9):2051-9. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.11.042.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Hospital Readmissions, Patient Safety, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Treatments
Osterman MT, Haynes K, Delzell E
Comparative effectiveness of infliximab and adalimumab for Crohn's disease.
This study compared the effectiveness of infliximab and adalimumab, the two most commonly used anti-tumor necrosis factor agents in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). It found that both drugs were of similar effectiveness with respect to surgical rates, hospitalization rates, and the percentage of patients remaining on the drugs after 26 weeks.
AHRQ-funded; HS018517
Citation: Osterman MT, Haynes K, Delzell E .
Comparative effectiveness of infliximab and adalimumab for Crohn's disease.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 May;12(5):811-817.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.06.010..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Treatments