National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (3)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Critical Care (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- (-) Evidence-Based Practice (8)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Medication (1)
- Outcomes (3)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (7)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- (-) Registries (8)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Transplantation (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedIsrani AK, Schladt D, Bruin MJ
Deconstructing silos of knowledge around lung transplantation to support patients: a patient-specific search of scientific registry of transplant recipients data.
This article describes the development of the web site www.transplantcentersearch.org intended to support lung transplant patients by providing program-level data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) on each program in the United States. There is a high level of variation in selection criteria and although nearly half of recipients reside within 50 miles of their transplant program, >30% travel 100 miles or more. The web site allows patients to search for programs in the area of their choosing and receive information on the number of transplants and program factors that are most predictive of recipient survival after listing. Patients can also review information on recipients and donors at each program to further differentiate program options. This feature is patient-specific, allowing the patient to enter information about their clinical background and indicate general preferences for their treatment before receiving counts on recipients and donors matching their entries. The development of the site involved 2 phases. In Phase I the authors examined variations between programs using data on waitlist and transplant outcomes from the SRTR. Phase II involved interviews and focus groups with transplant candidates, recipients, and family members to gain insight into the decision-making process, barriers, and knowledge groups. In the future randomized trials will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the web site.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Israni AK, Schladt D, Bruin MJ .
Deconstructing silos of knowledge around lung transplantation to support patients: a patient-specific search of scientific registry of transplant recipients data.
Transplantation 2022 Aug;106(8):1517-19. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004051..
Keywords: Transplantation, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Kumamaru H, Jalbert JJ, Nguyen LL
Utility of automated data-adaptive propensity score method for confounding by indication in comparative effectiveness study in real world Medicare and registry data.
The authors assessed the utility of an automated data-adaptive analytic approach for confounding adjustment when both claims and clinical registry data are available. Using a comparative study example of carotid artery stenting vs. carotid endarterectomy with strong confounding by indication, they found that the automated data-adaptive propensity score performed better than the investigator-specified propensity score in general, but both claims and registry data were needed to adequately control for bias.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050016I.
Citation: Kumamaru H, Jalbert JJ, Nguyen LL .
Utility of automated data-adaptive propensity score method for confounding by indication in comparative effectiveness study in real world Medicare and registry data.
PLoS One 2022 Aug;17(8):e0272975. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272975..
Keywords: Registries, Comparative Effectiveness, Research Methodologies, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Capone CA, Emerson B, Sweberg T
Intubation practice and outcomes among pediatric emergency departments: a report from National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS).
The purpose of this study was to describe Tracheal Intubation (TI) practice and outcomes in pediatric Emergency Departments as compared to those in intensive care units (ICUs) and use the resulting data to identify targets for quality improvement. The researchers analyzed consecutive TI encounters from pediatric EDs and ICUs in the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS) database from 2015 to 2018. The study found a total of 12,512 TIs in 51 pediatric/cardiac ICUs, and 756 TIs in 13 pediatric EDs and were reported. Proportion of TIs for shock (26% ED vs. 14% ICU), respiratory decompensation (52% vs. 64%), and neurologic deterioration (30% vs. 11%) also differed by location. Limited neck mobility was reported more often in the ED (16% vs. 6%). TIs in the ED were performed more often via video laryngoscopy (64% vs. 29%). Oxygen desaturation was less commonly reported in ED TIs (13.6%) than ICU TIs (17%). Among ED TIs, shock as an indication and limited mouth opening were independently associated with adverse TI-associated events (TIAEs). The study concluded that TI characteristics vary between pediatric EDs and ICUs, yet outcomes are similar.
AHRQ-funded; HS022464.
Citation: Capone CA, Emerson B, Sweberg T .
Intubation practice and outcomes among pediatric emergency departments: a report from National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS).
Acad Emerg Med 2022 Apr;29(4):406-14. doi: 10.1111/acem.14431..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Bhalala US, Gist KM, Tripathi S
Characterization and outcomes of hospitalized children with coronavirus disease 2019: a report from a multicenter, viral infection and respiratory illness universal study (Coronavirus Disease 2019) registry.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine data from the Society of Critical Care Medicine Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (Coronavirus Disease 2019) registry and describe the characteristics, ICU admissions, and outcomes in children hospitalized with COVID-19. The study included 874 children under the age of 18 hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 at 51 participating hospital centers from February 2020 to January 2021. The primary outcome was ICU admission. Secondary outcomes included hospital and ICU duration of stay and ICU, hospital, and 28-day mortality. The researchers found that the median age was 8 years, with 62.9% non-Hispanic and a boy to girl ratio of 1:2. A total of 28.2% of the children met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and 46.2% were admitted to the ICU. A child’s age, the presence of a fever, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and pre-existing seizure disorder were independently associated with a greater odds of ICU admission. The rate of hospital mortality for this group was 1.8%. The median duration of ICU stay was 3.9 days and the median duration of hospital stay was 4 days. For those patients with 28-day data, the survival rate was 86.3%. The researchers concluded that in this study, older age, fever, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and seizure disorder were independently related with ICU admission.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393; HS026485.
Citation: Bhalala US, Gist KM, Tripathi S .
Characterization and outcomes of hospitalized children with coronavirus disease 2019: a report from a multicenter, viral infection and respiratory illness universal study (Coronavirus Disease 2019) registry.
Crit Care Med 2022 Jan;50(1):e40-e51. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005232..
Keywords: COVID-19, Children/Adolescents, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Inpatient Care
Khazanie P, Greiner MA, Al-Khatib SM
Comparative effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy among patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry.
The researchers investigated the outcomes of patients with both atrial fibrillation and heart failure who receive cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) compared with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) alone. They found that CRT-D was associated with lower risks of mortality, all-cause readmission, and heart failure readmission, as well as with a similar risk of complications compared with ICD alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Khazanie P, Greiner MA, Al-Khatib SM .
Comparative effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy among patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry.
Circ Heart Fail 2016 Jun;9(6). doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.115.002324.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Piccini JP, Simon DN, Steinberg BA
Differences in clinical and functional outcomes of atrial fibrillation in women and men: two-year results from the ORBIT-AF Registry.
The purpose of this paper was to determine whether symptoms, quality of life, treatment, and outcomes differ between women and men with atrial fibrillation (AF). The authors found that women with AF have more symptoms and worse quality of life, lower risk-adjusted all-cause and cardiovascular death compared with men, but higher stroke rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Piccini JP, Simon DN, Steinberg BA .
Differences in clinical and functional outcomes of atrial fibrillation in women and men: two-year results from the ORBIT-AF Registry.
JAMA Cardiol 2016 Jun 1;1(3):282-91. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0529.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Quality of Life, Registries, Evidence-Based Practice
Alvarez E, Uslan DZ, Malloy T
It is time to revise our approach to registering antimicrobial agents for health care settings.
This paper discusses antimicrobial surfaces, such as copper alloy, for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. The authors address the current process for registering antimicrobial products, flaws in the registration requirements, and the need for evidence-based approaches to reduce healthcare-associated infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS021188.
Citation: Alvarez E, Uslan DZ, Malloy T .
It is time to revise our approach to registering antimicrobial agents for health care settings.
Am J Infect Control 2016 Feb;44(2):228-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.015.
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Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Registries
O'Brien EC, Holmes DN, Ansell JE
Physician practices regarding contraindications to oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation: findings from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF) registry.
This study describes the frequencies of and factors associated with oral anticoagulation (OAC) contraindications in clinical practice for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Contraindications to OAC therapy among patients with AF are common but subjective. Many patients with reported contraindications were receiving OAC, suggesting that the perceived benefits outweighed the potential harm posed by the relative contraindication.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092
Citation: O'Brien EC, Holmes DN, Ansell JE .
Physician practices regarding contraindications to oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation: findings from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF) registry.
Am Heart J. 2014 Apr;167(4):601-609.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.12.014..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Medication, Registries, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Practice Patterns