National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Community-Acquired Infections (4)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (2)
- Elderly (1)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (3)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Hospitals (2)
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- Mortality (2)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Patient Safety (2)
- (-) Pneumonia (12)
- Prevention (2)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality Improvement (2)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality Measures (2)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (3)
- Risk (1)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Vaccination (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedDesai NR, Ross JS, Kwon JY
Association between hospital penalty status under the hospital readmission reduction program and readmission rates for target and nontarget conditions.
This study compared trends in readmission rates for target and nontarget conditions, stratified by hospital penalty status after the announcement of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP). It found that Medicare fee-for-service patients at hospitals subject to penalties under the HRRP had greater reductions in readmission rates compared with those at nonpenalized hospitals. Changes were greater for target vs nontarget conditions for patients at the penalized hospitals but not at the other hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882; HS023000.
Citation: Desai NR, Ross JS, Kwon JY .
Association between hospital penalty status under the hospital readmission reduction program and readmission rates for target and nontarget conditions.
JAMA 2016 Dec 27;316(24):2647-56. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.18533.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Hospital Readmissions, Hospitals, Medicare, Pneumonia
Strobel RJ, Liang Q, Zhang M
A preoperative risk model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting.
The authors developed a preoperative prediction model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In this article, they describe and discuss their model, which may be used to provide individualized risk estimation and to identify opportunities to reduce a patient's preoperative risk of pneumonia through prehabilitation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Strobel RJ, Liang Q, Zhang M .
A preoperative risk model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Ann Thorac Surg 2016 Oct;102(4):1213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.03.074.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Pneumonia, Adverse Events, Risk, Patient Safety
Diehl A, Yang T, Speck K
AHRQ Author: Battles J
Evaluating the accuracy of sampling strategies for estimation of compliance rate for ventilator-associated pneumonia process measures.
The researchers evaluated the accuracy of sampling strategies to estimate monthly compliance rates with ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention measures. They concluded that sampling process measures intermittently rather than continually can yield accurate estimates of process measure performance rates.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201000027I; 29032002T.
Citation: Diehl A, Yang T, Speck K .
Evaluating the accuracy of sampling strategies for estimation of compliance rate for ventilator-associated pneumonia process measures.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 Sep;37(9):1037-43. doi: 10.1017/ice.2016.136.
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Keywords: Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Pneumonia, Quality Improvement, Quality Measures
de St Maurice A, Schaffner W, Griffin MR
Persistent sex disparities in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the conjugate vaccine era.
The authors examined sex differences in rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and trends after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). They concluded that rates of IPD were generally higher in male than in female subjects.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: de St Maurice A, Schaffner W, Griffin MR .
Persistent sex disparities in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the conjugate vaccine era.
J Infect Dis 2016 Sep 01;214(5):792-7. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw222.
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Keywords: Pneumonia, Sex Factors, Vaccination, Prevention
Belforti RK, Lagu T, Haessler S
Association between initial route of fluoroquinolone administration and outcomes in patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia.
The objective of this study was to compare outcomes of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia receiving intravenous vs oral respiratory fluoroquinolones. The authors concluded that there was no association between initial route of administration and outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS018723.
Citation: Belforti RK, Lagu T, Haessler S .
Association between initial route of fluoroquinolone administration and outcomes in patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia.
Clin Infect Dis 2016 Jul 1;63(1):1-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw209.
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Keywords: Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumonia, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Antibiotics
Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, Gonzalez-Fernandez M
Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study evaluated screening accuracy of bedside water swallow tests used to identify patients at risk for dysphagia-associated aspiration, finding that currently-used tests offer sufficient screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS022331.
Citation: Brodsky MB, Suiter DM, Gonzalez-Fernandez M .
Screening accuracy for aspiration using bedside water swallow tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chest 2016 Jul;150(1):148-63. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.03.059.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Pneumonia
Parikh K, Hall M, Blaschke AJ
Aggregate and hospital-level impact of national guidelines on diagnostic resource utilization for children with pneumonia at children's hospitals.
Researchers sought to evaluate the temporal trends in diagnostic testing associated with guideline implementation among children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). They concluded that publication of national pneumonia guidelines in 2011 was associated with modest changes in diagnostic testing for children with CAP. However, the changes varied across hospitals, and the financial impact was modest.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Parikh K, Hall M, Blaschke AJ .
Aggregate and hospital-level impact of national guidelines on diagnostic resource utilization for children with pneumonia at children's hospitals.
J Hosp Med 2016 May;11(5):317-23. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2534.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Acquired Infections, Guidelines, Pneumonia
Zimmerman S, Cohen LW, Scales K
Pneumonia identification using nursing home records.
The researchers compared three established strategies for defining pneumonia using records from 1,119 residents across 16 nursing homes. They found that recorded diagnosis of pneumonia is a highly sensitive and pragmatic method to ascertain pneumonia in nursing homes, and is recommended for use in quality improvement and research.
AHRQ-funded; HS022298.
Citation: Zimmerman S, Cohen LW, Scales K .
Pneumonia identification using nursing home records.
Res Gerontol Nurs 2016 May 1;9(3):109-14. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20151218-01.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Elderly, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Nursing Homes, Pneumonia
Self WH, Williams DJ, Zhu Y
Respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
The researchers conducted a prospective study to identify the prevalence of 13 viruses in the upper respiratory tract of patients with CAP and concurrently enrolled asymptomatic controls with real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. They concluded that the probability that a virus detected with real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in patients with CAP contributed to symptomatic disease varied by age group and specific virus.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Self WH, Williams DJ, Zhu Y .
Respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
J Infect Dis 2016 Feb 15;213(4):584-91. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv323.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions
Walkey AJ, Weinberg J, Wiener RS
Association of do-not-resuscitate orders and hospital mortality rate among patients with pneumonia.
The researchers evaluated the effect of analytic approaches accounting for do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status on risk-adjusted hospital mortality rates and performance rankings. They found that after accounting for patient DNR status and between-hospital variation in the association between DNR status and mortality, hospitals with higher DNR rates had lower mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS020672.
Citation: Walkey AJ, Weinberg J, Wiener RS .
Association of do-not-resuscitate orders and hospital mortality rate among patients with pneumonia.
JAMA Intern Med 2016 Jan;176(1):97-104. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6324.
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Keywords: Hospitals, Mortality, Quality of Care, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Pneumonia, Provider Performance, Respiratory Conditions
Ali KJ, Farley DO, Speck K
Measurement of implementation components and contextual factors in a two-state healthcare quality initiative to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia.
The authors sought to develop and field test an implementation assessment tool for assessing progress of hospital units in implementing improvements for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in a two-state collaborative. They found that a relatively small number of barriers were found to have important negative effects on implementation progress, including barriers related to workload and time issues. They modified coaching provided to the unit teams to reinforce training in weak spots that the interviews identified.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000027I.
Citation: Ali KJ, Farley DO, Speck K .
Measurement of implementation components and contextual factors in a two-state healthcare quality initiative to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S116-23. doi: 10.1086/677832.
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Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Pneumonia, Prevention, Quality Improvement
Rothberg MB, Haessler S, Lagu T
Outcomes of patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: worse disease or sicker patients?
The researchers sought to determine the contribution of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) criteria to case-fatality rate. They found that, after adjustment for differences in patient characteristics, HCAP was associated with greater case-fatality rate than community-acquired pneumonia, possibly due to HCAP organisms or to HCAP criteria themselves.
AHRQ-funded; HS018723.
Citation: Rothberg MB, Haessler S, Lagu T .
Outcomes of patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: worse disease or sicker patients?
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S107-15. doi: 10.1086/677829.
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Keywords: Community-Acquired Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Mortality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Pneumonia