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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedLewis CL, Kistler CE, Dalton AF
A decision aid to promote appropriate colorectal cancer screening among older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to test a patient decision aid (PtDA) to promote CRC screening in older adults. The PtDA was designed to facilitate individual decision-making to help patients understand the potential risks and benefit of CRC screening. 424 patients aged 70 – 84 who were not up to date with CRC screening participated in a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, using the PtDA or an attention control. Two outcomes - appropriate CRC screening behavior at 6 months following the initial visit or appropriate screening intent immediately after the visit - were defined as completed screening or intent for patients in good health, discussion about screening with their provider for patients in intermediate health, or no screening or intent for patients in poor health. Appropriate screening behavior at 6 months was higher in the intervention group; appropriate screening intent following the provider visit was also higher. The authors conclude that the PtDA for older adults promoted appropriate CRC screening behavior.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Lewis CL, Kistler CE, Dalton AF .
A decision aid to promote appropriate colorectal cancer screening among older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
Med Decis Making 2018 Jul;38(5):614-24. doi: 10.1177/0272989x18773713..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Elderly, Prevention, Screening
Pappadis MR, Volk RJ, Krishnan S
Perceptions of overdetection of breast cancer among women 70 years of age and older in the USA: a mixed-methods analysis.
The authors explored older women's perceptions about the concept of overdetection of breast cancer and its influence on future screening intentions. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 59 English-speaking women aged 70 years or older with no prior history of breast cancer. The authors found that many older women did not understand the concept of overdetection, in addition to being suspicious of or resistant to the concept. Providing older women with descriptions of overdetection may not be sufficient to influence screening intentions.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Pappadis MR, Volk RJ, Krishnan S .
Perceptions of overdetection of breast cancer among women 70 years of age and older in the USA: a mixed-methods analysis.
BMJ Open 2018 Jun 14;8(6):e022138. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022138..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Elderly, Screening, Decision Making, Women, Prevention, Imaging
Kistler CE, Golin C, Morris C
Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults.
This paper reports on the design of a randomized clinical trial to understand the effects of a patient decision aid on appropriate colorectal cancer screening. The study aims to determine the ability of a patient decision aid to increase individualized and appropriate colorectal cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Kistler CE, Golin C, Morris C .
Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults.
Clin Trials 2017 Dec;14(6):648-58. doi: 10.1177/1740774517725289..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Elderly, Prevention, Screening
Iyer AS, Bakitas M
Early palliative care in advanced illness: do right by mama.
This letter describes a case study where the doctor and the family decided not to do aggressive treatment on their mother in her 80’s with metastatic lung cancer and pneumonia. After describing the intubation procedure and the use of mechanical ventilation, the family decided that palliative care was the best option. The doctor emphasizes the use of palliative care as the best outcome for many terminally ill patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Iyer AS, Bakitas M .
Early palliative care in advanced illness: do right by mama.
JAMA Intern Med 2017 Jun;177(6):761-62. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0764.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Case Study, Decision Making, Elderly, Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research