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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Back Health and Pain (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
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- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Community-Acquired Infections (1)
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- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (9)
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- (-) Risk (9)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Vaccination (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedChu DK, Abrams EM, Golden BK
Risk of second allergic reaction to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of case studies and case reports was to assess the risk of severe immediate allergic reactions to a second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in people who experienced an immediate allergic reaction to the first dose. The researchers evaluated the World Health Organization Global Coronavirus database, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase from the date of inception through October 4th, 2021. The main outcomes and measures were a risk of severe immediate allergic reaction and repeated severe immediate allergic reactions with a second vaccine dose. The study found that among 22 studies of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, 1366 individuals had immediate allergic reactions to their first vaccination. Of these, 87.8% were women with a mean age of 46.1 years. Six patients developed severe immediate allergic reactions after their second vaccination, 232 developed mild symptoms, and 1360 tolerated the dose. Among 78 persons with severe immediate allergic reactions to their first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, 4 people had a second severe immediate reaction, and 15 had non-severe symptoms. There were no deaths. The study concluded that in a supervised setting equipped to manage severe allergic reactions, revaccination of individuals with an immediate allergic reaction to a first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose can be safe.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Chu DK, Abrams EM, Golden BK .
Risk of second allergic reaction to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
JAMA Intern Med 2022 Apr;182(4):376-85. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.8515..
Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccination, Risk, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a VIRGO study analysis.
This study sought to compare young women and men at the time of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on six domains of demographic and clinical factors in order to determine whether they have distinct profiles. The authors concluded that young women with AMI represent a distinct, higher-risk population that is different from young men.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a VIRGO study analysis.
Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017 Oct;6(7):610-22. doi: 10.1177/2048872616661847..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Sex Factors
Makris UE, Alvarez CA, Wei W
Association of statin use with risk of back disorder diagnoses.
Statins may increase vulnerability to myalgias and contribute to the myopathic component often experienced with back pain. This study’s goal was to examine the association of statin use with the risk of back disorder diagnoses. Researchers retrieved health care data for patients enrolled in TRICARE in the San Antonio military area. The overall cohort included 60,455 patients. Two treatment groups were identified: Statin users who recently received a first-time prescription for a statin and had been taking it for 120 days or more; statin non-users who never used statins and current users before they were prescribed statins. The study concludes that statin use is associated with increased likelihood of back disorder diagnoses.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Makris UE, Alvarez CA, Wei W .
Association of statin use with risk of back disorder diagnoses.
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Keywords: Back Health and Pain, Medication, Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Makam AN, Nguyen OK, Clark C
Incidence, predictors, and outcomes of hospital-acquired anemia.
This study examined the incidence, predictors, and postdischarge outcomes associated with hospital-acquired anemia (HAA). Most patients with severe HAA (85 percent) underwent a major procedure, had a discharge diagnosis of hemorrhage, and/or a discharge diagnosis of hemorrhagic disorder. Severe HAA is associated with increased odds for 30-day mortality and readmission after discharge; however, it is uncertain whether severe HAA is preventable.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Makam AN, Nguyen OK, Clark C .
Incidence, predictors, and outcomes of hospital-acquired anemia.
J Hosp Med 2017 May;12(5):317-22. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2723
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Hospital Readmissions, Hospitalization, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Frei CR, Rehani S, Lee GC
Application of a risk score to identify older adults with community-onset pneumonia most likely to benefit from empiric pseudomonas therapy.
The researchers assessed the impact of empiric Pseudomonas pharmacotherapy on 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with community-onset pneumonia stratified according to their risk (low, medium, or high) of drug-resistant pathogens. By using a risk score, they found that empiric Pseudomonas therapy was associated with lower 30-day mortality in the high-risk group but not the low- or medium-risk groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Frei CR, Rehani S, Lee GC .
Application of a risk score to identify older adults with community-onset pneumonia most likely to benefit from empiric pseudomonas therapy.
Pharmacotherapy 2017 Feb;37(2):195-203. doi: 10.1002/phar.1891.
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Keywords: Elderly, Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumonia, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Hart R, Veenstra DL, Boudreau DM
Impact of body mass index and genetics on warfarin major bleeding outcomes in a community setting.
The researchers conducted a case-control study to evaluate the association between body mass index and major bleeding risk among patients receiving warfarin. They found that obese patients had significantly lower major bleeding risk relative to non-obese patients . An exploratory analysis indicated a statistically significant interaction between CYP4F2*3 genetic status and obesity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Hart R, Veenstra DL, Boudreau DM .
Impact of body mass index and genetics on warfarin major bleeding outcomes in a community setting.
Am J Med 2017 Feb;130(2):222-28. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.017.
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Keywords: Blood Thinners, Obesity, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Adverse Events
Goodwin JS, Zhou J, Kuo YF
Risk of jaw osteonecrosis after intravenous bisphosphonates in cancer patients and patients without cancer.
The researchers compared the risk of jaw osteonecrosis after intravenous (IV) bisphosphonate administered to patients with cancer vs patients without cancer. During follow-up, 40 (0.42 percent) out of 9,482 patients with cancer developed probable jaw osteonecrosis compared with 8 (0.05 percent) out of 16,046 patients without cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Goodwin JS, Zhou J, Kuo YF .
Risk of jaw osteonecrosis after intravenous bisphosphonates in cancer patients and patients without cancer.
Mayo Clin Proc 2017 Jan;92(1):106-13. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.09.015.
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Keywords: Cancer, Osteoporosis, Risk, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Nguyen OK, Makam AN, Clark C
Vital signs are still vital: instability on discharge and the risk of post-discharge adverse outcomes.
This study assessed the association between vital sign instability at hospital discharge and post-discharge adverse outcomes. Having two or more vital sign instabilities at discharge had a positive predictive value of 22 percent and positive likelihood ratio of 1.8 for 30-day death or readmission. Vital sign instability on discharge is thus associated with increased risk-adjusted rates of 30-day mortality and readmission.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Nguyen OK, Makam AN, Clark C .
Vital signs are still vital: instability on discharge and the risk of post-discharge adverse outcomes.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Jan;32(1):42-48. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3826-8.
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Keywords: Hospital Discharge, Hospital Readmissions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Bhavsar NA, Bream JH, Meeker AK
A peripheral circulating TH1 cytokine profile is inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in CLUE II.
The authors evaluated the association between peripheral-cytokine concentrations and prostate cancer. They found that men with a prediagnostic circulating TH1 profile and higher IL6 may have a lower risk of prostate cancer, including aggressive disease. They concluded that identifying specific inflammatory cytokines associated with prostate cancer may lead to improved prevention and treatment strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS019488.
Citation: Bhavsar NA, Bream JH, Meeker AK .
A peripheral circulating TH1 cytokine profile is inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in CLUE II.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014 Nov;23(11):2561-7. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0010.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Risk