National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (3)
- Adverse Events (15)
- Alcohol Use (1)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Antibiotics (4)
- Anxiety (1)
- Arthritis (11)
- Autism (1)
- Back Health and Pain (2)
- Behavioral Health (3)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Thinners (4)
- Brain Injury (4)
- Cancer (21)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (3)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (3)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Skin Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (16)
- Caregiving (2)
- Care Management (3)
- Case Study (1)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (2)
- Centers for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERTs) (1)
- Children/Adolescents (18)
- Chronic Conditions (14)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (2)
- Colonoscopy (1)
- Communication (2)
- Community-Acquired Infections (2)
- Community-Based Practice (1)
- Community Partnerships (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (45)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2)
- Cultural Competence (1)
- Data (4)
- Dental and Oral Health (1)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (7)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (6)
- Disabilities (3)
- Disparities (5)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (2)
- Elderly (13)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (4)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (3)
- Evidence-Based Practice (33)
- Family Health and History (1)
- Guidelines (8)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (7)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- Healthcare Costs (8)
- Healthcare Delivery (4)
- Healthcare Utilization (5)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (9)
- Health Insurance (2)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (7)
- Health Status (3)
- Health Systems (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (13)
- Home Healthcare (1)
- Hospital Discharge (2)
- Hospitalization (7)
- Hospital Readmissions (8)
- Hospitals (3)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (4)
- Implementation (2)
- Injuries and Wounds (7)
- Inpatient Care (3)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Kidney Disease and Health (2)
- Labor and Delivery (3)
- Lifestyle Changes (2)
- Low-Income (1)
- Medicaid (4)
- Medical Devices (2)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (1)
- Medicare (1)
- Medication (36)
- Mortality (9)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Nursing Homes (2)
- Nutrition (2)
- Obesity (4)
- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
- Opioids (3)
- Orthopedics (2)
- Osteoporosis (2)
- Outcomes (27)
- Pain (9)
- Palliative Care (6)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (12)
- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (202)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (2)
- Patient and Family Engagement (6)
- Patient Experience (7)
- Patient Safety (11)
- Patient Self-Management (3)
- Pneumonia (3)
- Policy (4)
- Practice Patterns (4)
- Pregnancy (2)
- Prevention (6)
- Primary Care (6)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality Improvement (6)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (2)
- Quality Measures (4)
- Quality of Care (7)
- Quality of Life (6)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (9)
- Registries (8)
- Rehabilitation (2)
- Research Methodologies (16)
- Respiratory Conditions (4)
- Risk (8)
- Rural Health (1)
- Screening (2)
- Sepsis (1)
- Sex Factors (4)
- Sexual Health (1)
- Shared Decision Making (8)
- Skin Conditions (3)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (3)
- Social Stigma (1)
- Stroke (5)
- Surgery (40)
- Teams (1)
- Telehealth (2)
- Training (1)
- Transplantation (2)
- Trauma (3)
- Treatments (8)
- Urban Health (1)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (2)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (6)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
51 to 75 of 202 Research Studies DisplayedCastro FG, Yasui M
Advances in EBI development for diverse populations: towards a science of intervention adaptation.
This introduction examines major issues and challenges as presented in this special issue of Prevention Science, "Challenges to the Dissemination and Implementation of Evidence Based Prevention Interventions for Diverse Populations." The authors describe the Fidelity-Adaptation Dilemma that generated controversies and debates and new perspectives on the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) within diverse populations. The five articles in this special issue address many of these controversies and challenges.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Castro FG, Yasui M .
Advances in EBI development for diverse populations: towards a science of intervention adaptation.
Prev Sci 2017 Aug;18(6):623-29. doi: 10.1007/s11121-017-0809-x.
.
.
Keywords: Communication, Disparities, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Implementation
Sangha RS, Naidech AM, Corado C
Challenges in the medical management of symptomatic intracranial stenosis in an urban setting.
The researchers hypothesized that recurrent stroke risk among patients treated with aggressive medical management (AMM) is similar to that found in the medical arm of the SAMMPRIS trial (Stenting and Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis). However, results indicated that recurrent stroke risk within 30 days in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease was higher than that observed in the medical arm of SAMMPRIS even in the subgroup receiving AMM.
AHRQ-funded; HS023437.
Citation: Sangha RS, Naidech AM, Corado C .
Challenges in the medical management of symptomatic intracranial stenosis in an urban setting.
Stroke 2017 Aug;48(8):2158-63. doi: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.016254.
.
.
Keywords: Brain Injury, Urban Health, Stroke, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Care Management
Varghese TK, Jr., Ghaferi AA
Cutting-edge efforts in surgical patient safety.
In October, 2015, the Surgical Outcomes Club convened a patient safety panel in Chicago, Illinois. The goal was to emphasize that patient safety efforts require a uniform, systematic, evidence-based approach. This article incorporates the major themes of the session—developing reliable measures of surgeon performance, real-world methods for continuous improvement and learning, and opportunities for incorporating the principles of implementation science into patient safety efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS023621; HS024403.
Citation: Varghese TK, Jr., Ghaferi AA .
Cutting-edge efforts in surgical patient safety.
JAMA Surg 2017 Aug;152(8):719-20. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0858.
.
.
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Patient Safety, Evidence-Based Practice, Provider: Physician, Provider
Robinson M, Greenhawt M, Stukus DR
Factors associated with epinephrine administration for anaphylaxis in children before arrival to the emergency department.
Researchers evaluated factors associated with anaphylaxis management before arrival at the emergency department (ED) or urgent care center (UCC). Reactions occurring at home were less likely to be treated with epinephrine compared with reactions occurring at school. The odds of receiving epinephrine before arrival at the ED or UCC were significantly lower with a 2-organ system or 3-organ system presentation compared with 1-organ system involvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Robinson M, Greenhawt M, Stukus DR .
Factors associated with epinephrine administration for anaphylaxis in children before arrival to the emergency department.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017 Aug;119(2):164-69. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.06.001.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Utilization, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Singal AG, Tiro J, Li X
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance among patients with cirrhosis in a population-based integrated health care delivery system.
This study characterized guideline-concordant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance rates and patient-level factors associated with surveillance among a population-based cohort of patients with cirrhosis. It concluded that, although one third of patients undergo inconsistent HCC surveillance, less than 2 percent of patients receive guideline-concordant biannual HCC surveillance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Tiro J, Li X .
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance among patients with cirrhosis in a population-based integrated health care delivery system.
J Clin Gastroenterol 2017 Aug;51(7):650-55. doi: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000708.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Guidelines, Healthcare Delivery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Practice Patterns
Greenhawt M, Fleischer DM, Chan ES
LEAPing through the looking glass: secondary analysis of the effect of skin test size and age of introduction on peanut tolerance after early peanut introduction.
This study explored relationships between peanut tolerance, baseline peanut/egg sensitization, eczema severity/duration, age of introduction, gender, and race. It concluded that increasing peanut wheal size predicted peanut tolerance only in the avoidance arm. Peanut introduction between 6 and 11 months of age was associated with the highest rates of peanut tolerance, questioning the 'urgency' of introduction before 6 months.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Greenhawt M, Fleischer DM, Chan ES .
LEAPing through the looking glass: secondary analysis of the effect of skin test size and age of introduction on peanut tolerance after early peanut introduction.
Allergy 2017 Aug;72(8):1254-60. doi: 10.1111/all.13100.
.
.
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Nutrition, Skin Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Thomas HN, Hamm M, Hess R
Patient-centered outcomes and treatment preferences regarding sexual problems: a qualitative study among midlife women.
This study sought a better understanding of the sexual function outcomes that were most important to sexually active women 45 to 60 years old and the types of treatments they would prefer from individual interviews and focus groups. It found that many midlife women in the sample expressed a preference for behavioral approaches over pharmaceutical approaches for the treatment of sexual dysfunction.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Thomas HN, Hamm M, Hess R .
Patient-centered outcomes and treatment preferences regarding sexual problems: a qualitative study among midlife women.
J Sex Med 2017 Aug;14(8):1011-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.05.014..
Keywords: Sexual Health, Women, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Tyson MD, Alvarez J, Koyama T
Racial variation in patient-reported outcomes following treatment for localized prostate cancer: results from the CEASAR study.
This study tested the hypothesis that treatment-related changes in urinary, bowel, sexual, and hormonal function vary by race/ethnicity. It concluded that the effect of treatment for prostate cancer on patient-reported function did not vary dramatically by race/ethnicity. Compared to white men, African-American men experienced a somewhat more pronounced decline in urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation: Tyson MD, Alvarez J, Koyama T .
Racial variation in patient-reported outcomes following treatment for localized prostate cancer: results from the CEASAR study.
Eur Urol 2017 Aug;72(2):307-14. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.10.036.
.
.
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Surgery
Murtaugh CM, Deb P, Zhu C
Reducing readmissions among heart failure patients discharged to home health care: effectiveness of early and intensive nursing services and early physician follow-up.
This study compared the effectiveness of two "treatments"-early, intensive home health nursing and physician follow-up within a week-versus less intense and later postacute care in reducing readmissions among heart failure patients discharged to home health care. Neither treatment by itself had a statistically significant effect on hospital readmission. In combination, however, they reduced the probability of readmission by roughly 8 percentage points.
AHRQ-funded; HS020257.
Citation: Murtaugh CM, Deb P, Zhu C .
Reducing readmissions among heart failure patients discharged to home health care: effectiveness of early and intensive nursing services and early physician follow-up.
Health Serv Res 2017 Aug;52(4):1445-72. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12537.
.
.
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Heart Disease and Health, Home Healthcare, Hospital Readmissions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Roydhouse JK, Wilson IB
Systematic review of caregiver responses for patient health-related quality of life in adult cancer care.
The aim of this review is to help cancer researchers select a validated health-related quality of life tool if they anticipate using proxy-reported data. It concluded that the evidence base is strongest for the EORTC (disease-specific tools), COOP/WONCA (generic tools), and MQOL (end-of-life-specific tools).
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: Roydhouse JK, Wilson IB .
Systematic review of caregiver responses for patient health-related quality of life in adult cancer care.
Qual Life Res 2017 Aug;26(8):1925-54. doi: 10.1007/s11136-017-1540-6.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Caregiving, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Fisher K, Smith K, Gallagher T
We want to know: eliciting hospitalized patients' perspectives on breakdowns in care.
Researchers interviewed a broad sample of patients during hospitalization and postdischarge to elicit patient perspectives on breakdowns in care. When asked directly, almost 4 out of 10 hospitalized patients reported a breakdown in their care. Patient- perceived breakdowns in care are frequently associated with perceived harm, illustrating the importance of detecting and addressing these events.
AHRQ-funded; HS024596; HS022757.
Citation: Fisher K, Smith K, Gallagher T .
We want to know: eliciting hospitalized patients' perspectives on breakdowns in care.
J Hosp Med 2017 Aug;12(8):603-09. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2783.
.
.
Keywords: Communication, Quality of Care, Inpatient Care, Patient Experience, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Payne P, Lele O, Johnson B
Enabling open science for health research: Collaborative Informatics Environment for Learning on Health Outcomes (CIELO).
AcademyHealth's Electronic Data Methods (EDM) Forum implemented a proof-of-concept open science platform for health research called the Collaborative Informatics Environment for Learning on Health Outcomes (CIELO). This provided the basis for a vigorous dialogue between stakeholder community members regarding the capabilities that will add the greatest value to an open science platform for the health research community.
AHRQ-funded; HS022789.
Citation: Payne P, Lele O, Johnson B .
Enabling open science for health research: Collaborative Informatics Environment for Learning on Health Outcomes (CIELO).
J Med Internet Res 2017 Jul 31;19(7):e276. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6937.
.
.
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Health Information Technology (HIT), Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Li W, Ayers DC, Lewis CG
Functional gain and pain relief after total joint replacement according to obesity status.
The researchers examined the changes between preoperative and postoperative function and pain in a large representative U.S. cohort to determine if there was a relationship to obesity status. They found that six months after total joint replacement, severely or morbidly obese patients reported excellent pain relief and substantial functional gain that was similar to the findings in other patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018910.
Citation: Li W, Ayers DC, Lewis CG .
Functional gain and pain relief after total joint replacement according to obesity status.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2017 Jul 19;99(14):1183-89. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.16.00960.
.
.
Keywords: Obesity, Surgery, Pain, Arthritis, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Makris UE, Alvarez CA, Wei W
Association of statin use with risk of back disorder diagnoses.
Statins may increase vulnerability to myalgias and contribute to the myopathic component often experienced with back pain. This study’s goal was to examine the association of statin use with the risk of back disorder diagnoses. Researchers retrieved health care data for patients enrolled in TRICARE in the San Antonio military area. The overall cohort included 60,455 patients. Two treatment groups were identified: Statin users who recently received a first-time prescription for a statin and had been taking it for 120 days or more; statin non-users who never used statins and current users before they were prescribed statins. The study concludes that statin use is associated with increased likelihood of back disorder diagnoses.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Makris UE, Alvarez CA, Wei W .
Association of statin use with risk of back disorder diagnoses.
.
Keywords: Back Health and Pain, Medication, Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Lou I, Chennell TB, Schaefer SC
Optimizing outpatient pain management after thyroid and parathyroid surgery: a two-institution experience.
This study aimed to describe the outpatient narcotic medication needs for patients undergoing thyroid and parathyroid surgery, and to identify predictors of higher requirement. It concluded that overall, 93 percent of patients undergoing thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy require 20 or fewer oral morphine equivalents by their postoperative visit.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Lou I, Chennell TB, Schaefer SC .
Optimizing outpatient pain management after thyroid and parathyroid surgery: a two-institution experience.
Ann Surg Oncol 2017 Jul;24(7):1951-57. doi: 10.1245/s10434-017-5781-y.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Medication, Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Lin C, Lee J, Chatterjee N
Predicting domain-specific health-related quality of life using acute infarct volume.
This study evaluated whether acute infarct volume predicts domain-specific Neuro-Quality of Life scores at 3 months after stroke. It found that acute infarct volume is a poor predictor of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains after ischemic stroke, with the exception of the cognitive domain. Overall, clinical and imaging variables explained less than 50 percent of the variance in HRQOL outcomes at 3 months.
AHRQ-funded; HS023437.
Citation: Lin C, Lee J, Chatterjee N .
Predicting domain-specific health-related quality of life using acute infarct volume.
Stroke 2017 Jul;48(7):1925-31. doi: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.017094.
.
.
Keywords: Quality of Life, Stroke, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Brummett CM, Waljee JF, Goesling J
New persistent opioid use after minor and major surgical procedures in US adults.
The authors sought to determine the incidence of new persistent opioid use after minor and major surgical procedures. They found that risk factors independently associated with new persistent opioid use included preoperative tobacco use, alcohol and substance abuse disorders, mood disorders, anxiety, and preoperative pain disorders. They concluded that new persistent opioid use after surgery is not significantly different between minor and major surgical procedures but rather associated with behavioral and pain disorders.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Brummett CM, Waljee JF, Goesling J .
New persistent opioid use after minor and major surgical procedures in US adults.
JAMA Surg 2017 Jun 21;152(6):e170504. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0504.
.
.
Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Ong T, Pradhananga R, Holve E
A framework for classification of electronic health data extraction-transformation-loading challenges in data network participation.
The researchers conducted key-informant interviews with data partner representatives to survey the Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) process challenges faced in clinical data research networks (CDRNs) and registries. The paper concluded that overcoming ETL technical challenges requires significant investments in a broad array of information technologies and human resources. Identifying these technical obstacles can inform optimal resource allocation to minimize the barriers and cost of entry for new data partners into extant networks, which in turn can expand data networks' inclusiveness and diversity.
AHRQ-funded; HS019564.
Citation: Ong T, Pradhananga R, Holve E .
A framework for classification of electronic health data extraction-transformation-loading challenges in data network participation.
eGEMS 2017 Jun 13;5(1):10. doi: 10.5334/egems.222..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Data, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries
Chang SH, Liu X, Carlsson NP
Reexamining the association of body mass index with overall survival outcomes after liver transplantation.
The purpose of this study is to identify the range of body mass index (BMI) at liver transplantation (LT) associated with the lowest risks of posttransplant mortality by Model of End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) category. It concluded that obesity in LT patients is not necessarily associated with higher posttransplantation mortality and highlighted the importance of the interaction between BMI and MELD category to determine their survival likelihood.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Chang SH, Liu X, Carlsson NP .
Reexamining the association of body mass index with overall survival outcomes after liver transplantation.
Transplant Direct 2017 Jun 12;3(7):e172. doi: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000681.
.
.
Keywords: Obesity, Transplantation, Mortality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Wessell A, Kole MJ, Badjatia N
High compliance with scheduled nimodipine is associated with better outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients cotreated with heparin infusion.
The researchers sought to determine whether compliance with scheduled nimodipine in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients impacted patient outcomes, with the intent of guiding future nimodipine management in patients who experience nimodipine-induced hypotension. They found that in those patients with modified Fisher scores 2 through 4 who are cotreated with a low-dose heparin infusion, full compliance with nimodipine dosing was associated with increased odds of discharge to home.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Wessell A, Kole MJ, Badjatia N .
High compliance with scheduled nimodipine is associated with better outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients cotreated with heparin infusion.
Front Neurol 2017 Jun 9;8:268. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00268.
.
.
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Medication, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes
Weitlauf AS, Sathe N, McPheeters ML
Interventions targeting sensory challenges in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.
This review evaluated the effectiveness and safety of interventions targeting sensory challenges in ASD. It concluded that some interventions may yield modest short-term (<6 months) improvements in sensory- and ASD symptom severity-related outcomes; the evidence base is small, and the durability of the effects is unclear. Although some therapies may hold promise, substantial needs exist for continuing improvements in methodologic rigor.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500003I.
Citation: Weitlauf AS, Sathe N, McPheeters ML .
Interventions targeting sensory challenges in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.
Pediatrics 2017 Jun;139(6):e20170347. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-0347.
.
.
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Children/Adolescents, Autism
Shortell SM, Poon BY, Ramsay PP
A multilevel analysis of patient engagement and patient-reported outcomes in primary care practices of accountable care organizations.
For adult primary care practices seeing patients with diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease, researchers examined the relationship between selected practice characteristics, patient engagement, and patient-reported outcomes of care. They found that having a patient-centered culture was positively associated with fewer depression symptoms and better physical function scores. Patient activation was positively associated with fewer depression symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Shortell SM, Poon BY, Ramsay PP .
A multilevel analysis of patient engagement and patient-reported outcomes in primary care practices of accountable care organizations.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Jun;32(6):640-47. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3980-z.
.
.
Keywords: Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Conditions
Donnelly JP, Safford MM, Shapiro NI
Application of the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis (Sepsis-3) Classification: a retrospective population-based cohort study.
The Consensus Definitions present clinical criteria for the classification of patients with sepsis. Researchers investigated incidence and long-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with these classifications, which are currently unknown. Their findings support the use of the elevated sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score from Sepsis-3, and elevated quick SOFA (qSOFA) score from Sepsis-3 classifications to identify patients with infection who are at elevated risk of poor outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Donnelly JP, Safford MM, Shapiro NI .
Application of the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis (Sepsis-3) Classification: a retrospective population-based cohort study.
Lancet Infect Dis 2017 Jun;17(6):661-70. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30117-2.
.
.
Keywords: Sepsis, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Mehta HB, Vargas GM, Adhikari D
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumour as the initial treatment in older patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer.
The objectives were to determine trends in the use of chemotherapy as the initial treatment and to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of initial chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumor on survival (intention-to-treat analysis) in Stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). Instrumental variable analysis found that, compared with resection, chemotherapy as the initial treatment offers similar or better 2-year survival in patients with Stage IV CRC.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Mehta HB, Vargas GM, Adhikari D .
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumour as the initial treatment in older patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer.
Colorectal Dis 2017 Jun;19(6):O210-o18. doi: 10.1111/codi.13659.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Iyer AS, Bakitas M
Early palliative care in advanced illness: do right by mama.
This letter describes a case study where the doctor and the family decided not to do aggressive treatment on their mother in her 80’s with metastatic lung cancer and pneumonia. After describing the intubation procedure and the use of mechanical ventilation, the family decided that palliative care was the best option. The doctor emphasizes the use of palliative care as the best outcome for many terminally ill patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Iyer AS, Bakitas M .
Early palliative care in advanced illness: do right by mama.
JAMA Intern Med 2017 Jun;177(6):761-62. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0764.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Case Study, Shared Decision Making, Elderly, Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research