National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Behavioral Health (3)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (3)
- Children/Adolescents (5)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Communication (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (4)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Education (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (3)
- Elderly (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Family Health and History (2)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
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- Health Information Technology (HIT) (3)
- Health Insurance (1)
- Health Promotion (2)
- Health Status (3)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (2)
- (-) Lifestyle Changes (26)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Nutrition (6)
- Obesity (9)
- Obesity: Weight Management (4)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (1)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Patient Self-Management (3)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Prevention (2)
- Quality Improvement (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (6)
- Risk (4)
- Rural Health (1)
- Screening (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (3)
- Social Media (2)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Telehealth (1)
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- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (1)
- Urban Health (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 26 Research Studies DisplayedGao TY, Howe CJ, Zullo AR
Risk factors for self-report of not receiving an HIV test among adolescents in NYC with a history of sexual intercourse, 2013 YRBS.
This study estimated the prevalence of and identified risk factors for not receiving an HIV test among adolescents with a history of sexual intercourse in New York City (NYC), an urban area that has been greatly impacted by the HIV epidemic. The study’s findings suggested that among NYC adolescents with a history of sexual intercourse, the prevalence of HIV testing is low. HIV testing may have been low in part because of limited experience with current screening guidelines among clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Gao TY, Howe CJ, Zullo AR .
Risk factors for self-report of not receiving an HIV test among adolescents in NYC with a history of sexual intercourse, 2013 YRBS.
Vulnerable Child Youth Stud 2017;12(4):277-91. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2016.1268741..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Lifestyle Changes, Screening, Urban Health
Powell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of crime on physical activity location accessibility, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and obesity among African American women. The study’s simulations showed that crime may serve as a barrier to LTPA. Reducing crime and increasing propensity to exercise through multilevel interventions may promote greater than linear declines in obesity prevalence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Powell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J .
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
Obesity 2017 Dec;25(12):2149-55. doi: 10.1002/oby.22040.
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Keywords: Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Ehrlich SF, Hedderson MM, Brown SD
Moderate intensity sports and exercise is associated with glycaemic control in women with gestational diabetes.
The aim of the study was to assess the association of regular, unsupervised sports and exercise during pregnancy, by intensity level, with glycaemic control in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). The study concluded that higher volumes of moderate intensity sports and exercise, reported shortly after GDM diagnosis, were significantly associated with increased odds of achieving glycaemic control.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Ehrlich SF, Hedderson MM, Brown SD .
Moderate intensity sports and exercise is associated with glycaemic control in women with gestational diabetes.
Diabetes Metab 2017 Oct;43(5):416-23. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.01.006..
Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Pregnancy, Women
Young LE, Michaels S, Jonas A
Sex behaviors as social cues motivating social venue patronage among young black men who have sex with men.
This study presents a two-mode network analysis that determines the extent that three types of sex behaviors-condomless sex, sex-drug use, and group sex-influence the patronage of different types of social venues among a population sample of young Black men who have sex with men. Its findings demonstrate that social venues can function as intermediary contexts in which relationships can form between individuals that have greater risk potential.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Young LE, Michaels S, Jonas A .
Sex behaviors as social cues motivating social venue patronage among young black men who have sex with men.
AIDS Behav 2017 Oct;21(10):2924-34. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1679-8.
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Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Substance Abuse
Payan DD, Sloane DC, Illum J
Perceived barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and school lunch meals among adolescents: a qualitative study.
The researchers explored how perceived barriers and facilitators influence healthy eating and investigated the acceptability of changes to school lunch meals among adolescents after implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010. Their findings suggest the need to measure perceived and actual barriers to healthy eating among adolescents and to examine the effect of these barriers on dietary behavior.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Payan DD, Sloane DC, Illum J .
Perceived barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and school lunch meals among adolescents: a qualitative study.
Am J Health Behav 2017 Sep 1;41(5):661-69. doi: 10.5993/ajhb.41.5.15.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults without known cardiovascular risk factors to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Diet and physical activity behavioral interventions were found to result in consistent modest benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes across 6 to 12 months, including blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, and adiposity.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA .
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
JAMA 2017 Jul 11;318(2):175-93. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.3303.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
This study reviews evidence of behavioral lifestyle interventions for weight loss in this population. Evidence for the effectiveness of behavioral interventions versus pharmacological or surgical treatment was limited. Comprehensive and intensive behavioral interventions can result in clinically significant, albeit modest, weight loss in this obese subpopulation but may not result in significant improvements in other cardiometabolic risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG .
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
Prev Med 2017 Jul;100:180-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.022.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Brown SD, Grijalva CS, Ferrara A
Leveraging EHRs for patient engagement: perspectives on tailored program outreach.
Electronic health records (EHRs) present healthcare delivery systems with scalable, cost-effective opportunities to promote lifestyle programs among patients at high risk for type 2 diabetes, yet little consensus exists on strategies to enhance patient engagement. In this study, the investigators explored patient perspectives on program outreach messages containing content tailored to EHR-derived diabetes risk factors--a theory-driven strategy to increase the persuasiveness of health communications.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Grijalva CS, Ferrara A .
Leveraging EHRs for patient engagement: perspectives on tailored program outreach.
Am J of Manag Care 2017 Jul;23(7):e223-e30..
Keywords: Diabetes, Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Healthcare Delivery, Lifestyle Changes, Patient and Family Engagement
Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
The authors of this study compared the effects of alternate behavioral interventions on obesity-related health behaviors by conducting a comparative effectiveness education trial in a community-based sample of 530 adult African Americans. The investigators suggest that education about risk factors for chronic disease and evidence-based strategies for health behavior change may be useful for addressing obesity-related behaviors among African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS019339.
Citation: Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V .
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
Health Educ Res 2017 Jun 1;32(3):207-18. doi: 10.1093/her/cyx039..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Lifestyle Changes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Chung CF, Agapie E, Schroeder J
When personal tracking becomes social: examining the use of Instagram for healthy eating.
The researchers aimed to inform the design of tools to support healthy behaviors by understanding how people appropriate Instagram to track and share food data, the benefits they obtain from doing so, and the challenges they encounter. They concluded that participants tracked to support themselves and others in their pursuit of healthy eating goals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Chung CF, Agapie E, Schroeder J .
When personal tracking becomes social: examining the use of Instagram for healthy eating.
Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst 2017 May 2;2017:1674-87. doi: 10.1145/3025453.3025747.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Patient Self-Management, Social Media
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention designed to facilitate partner support for lifestyle change among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness. After 12 weeks, approximately two-thirds of participants were below their baseline weight at follow-up, including 27 percent who achieved clinically significant weight loss.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
Community Ment Health J 2017 May;53(4):394-404. doi: 10.1007/s10597-017-0100-4.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Using a computational simulation model that was developed to represent all US children ages 8-11 years, the researchers estimated that if 50 percent of children would exercise, the number of obese and overweight youth would decrease by 4 percent, averting $8.1 billion in direct medical costs and $13.8 billion in lost productivity.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E .
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Health Aff 2017 May;36(5):902-08. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1315.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Lifestyle Changes, Healthcare Costs, Obesity
Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C
AHRQ Author: Biener A
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
The purpose of this editorial is to provide new information on the medical care costs of obesity that help motivate various weight loss interventions. The editorial is a part of a special issue with articles examining behavioral, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions for weight loss, based on a 2016 conference on state-of-the-art weight management hosted by the Veterans Health Administration.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C .
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Apr;32(Suppl 1):6-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3968-8.
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Keywords: Obesity, Healthcare Costs, Obesity: Weight Management, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Diaz KM, Booth JN, 3rd, Seals SR
Physical activity and incident hypertension in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of physical activity with incident hypertension among African Americans. It found no statistically significant associations observed for overall physical activity, or work, active living, and household-related physical activities. Results suggest that regular moderate-vigorous physical activity or sport/exercise-related physical activity may reduce the risk of developing hypertension in African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Diaz KM, Booth JN, 3rd, Seals SR .
Physical activity and incident hypertension in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.
Hypertension 2017 Mar;69(3):421-27. doi: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08398.
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Keywords: Blood Pressure, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Oates GR, Jackson BE, Partridge EE
Sociodemographic patterns of chronic disease: how the mid-south region compares to the rest of the country.
This descriptive study examines sociodemographic differences in the distribution of chronic diseases and health-related behaviors in the Mid-South versus the rest of the U.S., identifying subgroups at increased risk of chronic disease. It finds that the Mid-South population had increased rates of chronic disease and worse health-related behaviors than the rest of the U.S. Mid-South blacks had the highest percentages of obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and stroke of all subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Oates GR, Jackson BE, Partridge EE .
Sociodemographic patterns of chronic disease: how the mid-south region compares to the rest of the country.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S31-s39. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.004.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health
Cockerham WC, Hamby BW, Oates GR
The social determinants of chronic disease.
This review article addresses the concept of the social determinants of health (SDH), selected theories, and its application in studies of chronic disease. The health effects of SDH are initially discussed with respect to smoking and the social gradient in mortality. The article concludes with an examination of neighborhood disadvantage, social networks, and perceived discrimination in SDH research.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Cockerham WC, Hamby BW, Oates GR .
The social determinants of chronic disease.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S5-s12. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.010.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health
King HA, Jeffreys AS, McVay MA
Spouse health behavior outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a spouse-assisted lifestyle change intervention to improve patient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
The authors evaluated spouse health behavior outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a spouse-assisted lifestyle intervention to reduce patient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve patient health behaviors. Participants were 251 spouses of patients from the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center. At 11 months, there were no differences in spouse outcomes between intervention and usual care groups for moderate intensity physical activity or dietary intake. To improve spouse outcomes, the authors recommended couple interventions to include spouse behavior change goals and reciprocal support between patients and spouses.
AHRQ-funded; HS000079.
Citation: King HA, Jeffreys AS, McVay MA .
Spouse health behavior outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a spouse-assisted lifestyle change intervention to improve patient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
J Behav Med 2014 Dec;37(6):1102-7. doi: 10.1007/s10865-014-9559-4.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Shaikh U, Nettiksimmons J, Joseph JG
Collaborative practice improvement for childhood obesity in rural clinics: the Healthy Eating Active Living Telehealth Community of Practice (HEALTH COP).
The authors assessed the impact of participation in a virtual quality improvement (QI) learning network on adherence to clinical guidelines for childhood obesity prevention in rural clinics. They found that children who received care from clinicians who led the implementation of the intervention at their clinic showed significant improvements in nutrition and physical activity. Virtual QI learning networks in geographically dispersed clinics can significantly increase clinicians' adherence to guidelines for childhood obesity and improve access to recommended care for rural and underserved children.
AHRQ-funded; HS018567.
Citation: Shaikh U, Nettiksimmons J, Joseph JG .
Collaborative practice improvement for childhood obesity in rural clinics: the Healthy Eating Active Living Telehealth Community of Practice (HEALTH COP).
Am J Med Qual 2014 Nov-Dec;29(6):467-75. doi: 10.1177/1062860613506252.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Obesity, Prevention, Quality Improvement, Rural Health, Telehealth
Patel M, Phillips-Caesar E, Boutin-Foster C
Attitudes and beliefs regarding cardiovascular risk factors among Bangladeshi immigrants in the US.
The researchers conducted a qualitative study using individual in-depth interviews to explore attitudes towards and difficulties with modifying cardiovascular disease related behaviors among a Bangladeshi cohort. Bangladeshi individuals in this study cited a combination of internal and external factors as barriers to lifestyle modification. The authors recommended interventions to address these barriers that simultaneously address self-efficacy and work-life balance.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Patel M, Phillips-Caesar E, Boutin-Foster C .
Attitudes and beliefs regarding cardiovascular risk factors among Bangladeshi immigrants in the US.
J Immigr Minor Health 2014 Oct;16(5):994-1000. doi: 10.1007/s10903-013-9868-7.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Richards MR, Marti J
Heterogeneity in the smoking response to health shocks by out-of-pocket spending risk.
Using longitudinal data from 11 European countries, the researchers investigated the impact of a new cardiovascular (CV) health shock on smoking decisions among older adults and examine whether personal exposure to medical spending risk influences the smoking response. They found that CV shocks impact the propensity to smoke, with relatively more impact among individuals with high financial risk exposure to medical spending.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Richards MR, Marti J .
Heterogeneity in the smoking response to health shocks by out-of-pocket spending risk.
Health Econ Policy Law 2014 Oct;9(4):343-57. doi: 10.1017/s1744133114000152..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Tobacco Use, Lifestyle Changes, Health Insurance, Social Determinants of Health
Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW
AHRQ Author: Miller T
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
The researchers conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of health communication campaigns that use multiple channels, including mass media, and distribute health-related products. They concluded that health communication campaigns that combine mass media and other communication channels with distribution of free or reduced-price health-related products are effective in improving healthy behaviors. They expect this intervention to be applicable across U.S. demographic groups, with appropriate population targeting.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW .
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
Am J Prev Med 2014 Sep;47(3):360-71. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.034.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Social Media, Tobacco Use
Leung LA, Swaminathan S, Trivedi AN
Diabetes diagnosis and exercise initiation among older Americans.
The investigators sought to determine whether exercise participation increased following a new diagnosis of diabetes using a sample of U.S. individuals aged 50 and over who did not report exercise prior to diagnosis. They found that over 35% of persons with a new diagnosis of diabetes initiated moderate or vigorous exercise in the year following their diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: Leung LA, Swaminathan S, Trivedi AN .
Diabetes diagnosis and exercise initiation among older Americans.
Prev Med 2014 Aug;65:128-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.001.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Elderly, Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Voils CI, Gierisch JM, Yancy WS, Jr.
Differentiating behavior initiation and maintenance: theoretical framework and proof of concept.
The authors posited that health behavior initiation and maintenance require separate psychological processes and skills. They found evidence of improvement in dietary intake and of maintenance of physical activity and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol during the 4-month maintenance study. Participants found it helpful to plan for relapses, self-monitor, and obtain social support, but they had mixed reactions about reflecting on satisfaction with outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000079.
Citation: Voils CI, Gierisch JM, Yancy WS, Jr. .
Differentiating behavior initiation and maintenance: theoretical framework and proof of concept.
Health Educ Behav 2014 Jun;41(3):325-36. doi: 10.1177/1090198113515242.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management, Lifestyle Changes
Sorkin DH, Mavandadi S, Rook KS
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Dyadic collaboration in shared health behavior change: the effects of a randomized trial to test a lifestyle intervention for high-risk Latinas.
The authors sought to evaluate the feasibility of a pilot, dyad-based lifestyle intervention, the Unidas por la Vida program, for improving weight loss and dietary intake among high-risk Mexican American mothers with Type 2 diabetes and their overweight/obese adult daughters. They found that, at 16 weeks, Unidas participants lost significantly more weight compared with the control participants, and intervention participants also were more likely to be eating foods with lower glycemic load and less saturated fat. They concluded that interventions that draw upon multiple people who share a health-risk have the potential to foster significant changes in lifestyle behaviors and in social network members' health-related involvement.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Sorkin DH, Mavandadi S, Rook KS .
Dyadic collaboration in shared health behavior change: the effects of a randomized trial to test a lifestyle intervention for high-risk Latinas.
Health Psychol 2014 Jun;33(6):566-75. doi: 10.1037/hea0000063.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity: Weight Management
Hendrix KS, Carroll AE, Downs SM
Screen exposure and body mass index status in 2- to 11-year-old children.
This study was designed to test whether screen exposure predicts pediatric obesity risk in 2- to 11-year-old children. It found that having a TV in the bedroom was significantly related to an increased risk for BMI percentile greater than 85. However, it did not find that same association for watching more than 2 hours of TV or computer a day.
AHRQ-funded; HS017939; HS018453; HS020640
Citation: Hendrix KS, Carroll AE, Downs SM .
Screen exposure and body mass index status in 2- to 11-year-old children.
Clin Pediatr. 2014 Jun;53(6):593-600. doi: 10.1177/0009922814526973..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes