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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Chronic Conditions (3)
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- Health Promotion (1)
- (-) Health Status (9)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (1)
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- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (9)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedPowell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of crime on physical activity location accessibility, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and obesity among African American women. The study’s simulations showed that crime may serve as a barrier to LTPA. Reducing crime and increasing propensity to exercise through multilevel interventions may promote greater than linear declines in obesity prevalence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Powell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J .
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
Obesity 2017 Dec;25(12):2149-55. doi: 10.1002/oby.22040.
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Keywords: Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Cram P, Saag KG, Lou Y
Racial differences and disparities in osteoporosis-related bone health: results from the PAADRN randomized controlled trial.
The researchers examined whether providing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) test results directly to patients might reduce or eliminate racial differences in osteoporosis-related health care. They found that black women were still less likely to know their actual DXA result and less likely to be on guideline-concordant therapy, but black women had greater patient activation.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Cram P, Saag KG, Lou Y .
Racial differences and disparities in osteoporosis-related bone health: results from the PAADRN randomized controlled trial.
Med Care 2017 Jun;55(6):561-68. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000718.
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Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Osteoporosis, Health Status
Karter AJ, Lipska KJ, O'Connor PJ
High rates of severe hypoglycemia among African American patients with diabetes: the Surveillance, Prevention, and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) network.
This seven-year surveillance study (2005-2011) evaluated race/ethnic differences in the trends in rates of severe hypoglycemia (SH) in a population of insured, at-risk adults with diabetes. Annual SH rates ranged from 1.8 percent to 2.1 percent during this 7-year observation period. African Americans had consistently higher SH rates compared with Whites, while Latinos and Asians had consistently lower rates compared with Whites in each of the 7 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS019859.
Citation: Karter AJ, Lipska KJ, O'Connor PJ .
High rates of severe hypoglycemia among African American patients with diabetes: the Surveillance, Prevention, and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) network.
J Diabetes Complications 2017 May;31(5):869-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.02.009.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Healthcare Delivery, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Chang SH, Yu YC, Carlsson NP
Racial disparity in life expectancies and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions.
This study investigated racial disparity in life expectancies (LEs) and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions. It found that black individuals had higher risks of developing diabetes, hypertension, and stroke. This disparity in LE between white and black participants was largest in men age 40 to 49 with at least stroke: black men lived 3.12 years shorter than white men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Chang SH, Yu YC, Carlsson NP .
Racial disparity in life expectancies and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions.
Obesity 2017 May;25(5):950-57. doi: 10.1002/oby.21822.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Health Status, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Jackson BE, Oates GR, Singh KP
Disparities in chronic medical conditions in the Mid-South.
This study examined differences in socio-demographic characteristics and health behaviors relevant to chronic medical conditions (CMCs) in the Mid-South region (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Arkansas), and identified subpopulations with increased burden of chronic disease. It concluded that in the Mid-South, race and gender disparities in the top five chronic conditions are more prominent among higher-income rather than lower-income individuals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Jackson BE, Oates GR, Singh KP .
Disparities in chronic medical conditions in the Mid-South.
Ethn Health 2017 Apr;22(2):196-208. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1232805.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Stepanikova I, Oates GR, Bateman LB
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.
This study investigated the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with markers of systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender. Compared to White men, Black women have higher BMI and higher levels of all four inflammation markers; White women have lower BMI, lower WC, and lower E-selectin and fibrinogen but higher C-reactive protein, and Black men have higher fibrinogen.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Oates GR, Bateman LB .
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.
Ethn Health 2017 Apr;22(2):169-83. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1235681.
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Keywords: Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Sex Factors
Stepanikova I, Oates GR
Perceived discrimination and privilege in health care: the role of socioeconomic status and race.
This study examined how perceived racial privilege and perceived racial discrimination in health care varied with race and socioeconomic status (SES). It found that in whites, higher income and education contributed to increased perceptions of privileged treatment and decreased perceptions of discrimination. The pattern was reversed in blacks, who reported more discrimination and less privilege at higher income and education levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Oates GR .
Perceived discrimination and privilege in health care: the role of socioeconomic status and race.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S86-s94. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.024.
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Keywords: Disparities, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Stepanikova I, Bateman LB, Oates GR
Systemic inflammation in midlife: race, socioeconomic status, and perceived discrimination.
This study investigates social determinants of systemic inflammation, focusing on race, SES, and perceived discrimination. Data on 884 white and 170 black participants were obtained from the Survey of Midlife in the U.S., a cross-sectional observational study combining survey measures, anthropometry, and biomarker assay. It suggests that inflammation-reducing interventions should focus on blacks and individuals facing socioeconomic disadvantages, especially low education.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Bateman LB, Oates GR .
Systemic inflammation in midlife: race, socioeconomic status, and perceived discrimination.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S63-s76. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.026.
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Keywords: Disparities, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Burke JF, Vijan S, Chekan LA
Targeting high-risk employees may reduce cardiovascular racial disparities.
A possible remedy for health disparities is for employers to promote cardiovascular health among minority employees. However, this study finds that there was no significant per person differential attributable to racial disparities for heart attack and stroke. A primary implication is that targeting cardiovascular disease strategies for African Americans is unlikely to be cost saving for employers.
AHRQ-funded; HS017690
Citation: Burke JF, Vijan S, Chekan LA .
Targeting high-risk employees may reduce cardiovascular racial disparities.
Am J Manag Care. 2014 Sep;20(9):725-33..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Disparities, Healthcare Costs, Health Promotion, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities