National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Brain Injury (1)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Caregiving (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (2)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (1)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
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- Guidelines (2)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- (-) Healthcare Utilization (8)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (2)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Medication (1)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Patient Experience (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Screening (1)
- (-) Shared Decision Making (8)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Surgery (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedStrassle PD, Kinlaw AC, Chaumont N
Rates of elective colectomy for diverticulitis continued to increase after 2006 guideline change.
Gastroenterology 2019 Dec;157(6):1679-81.e11. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.08.045.
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess whether trends in elective and urgent/emergent colectomy changed after July 2006. The authors suggest that given the risks associated with elective colectomy, their findings demonstrate the need for a more evidence-based decision-making process, incorporating both patient preferences and patient-reported outcomes, for those considering elective colectomy for uncomplicated and some cases of complicated diverticulitis.
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to assess whether trends in elective and urgent/emergent colectomy changed after July 2006. The authors suggest that given the risks associated with elective colectomy, their findings demonstrate the need for a more evidence-based decision-making process, incorporating both patient preferences and patient-reported outcomes, for those considering elective colectomy for uncomplicated and some cases of complicated diverticulitis.
AHRQ-funded; HS026363.
Citation: Strassle PD, Kinlaw AC, Chaumont N .
Rates of elective colectomy for diverticulitis continued to increase after 2006 guideline change.
Gastroenterology 2019 Dec;157(6):1679-81.e11. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.08.045..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery, Healthcare Utilization, Guidelines, Shared Decision Making, Digestive Disease and Health
Wang SV, Rogers JR, Jin Y
Stepped-wedge randomised trial to evaluate population health intervention designed to increase appropriate anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Clinical guidelines recommend anticoagulation for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at high risk of stroke; however, studies report 40% of this population is not anticoagulated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a population health intervention to increase anticoagulation use in high-risk patients with AF. The investigators concluded that algorithms to identify underuse of anticoagulation among patients with AF in healthcare databases may not capture clinical subtleties or patient preferences and may overestimate the extent of undertreatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Rogers JR, Jin Y .
Stepped-wedge randomised trial to evaluate population health intervention designed to increase appropriate anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation.
BMJ Qual Saf 2019 Oct;28(10):835-42. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009367..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Health Information Technology (HIT), Shared Decision Making, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Practice Patterns, Healthcare Utilization
Wissel BD, Greiner HM, Glauser TA
Investigation of bias in an epilepsy machine learning algorithm trained on physician notes.
Racial disparities in the utilization of epilepsy surgery are well documented, but it is unknown whether a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm trained on physician notes would produce biased recommendations for epilepsy presurgical evaluations. To assess this, an NLP algorithm was trained to identify potential surgical candidates using 1097 notes from 175 epilepsy patients with a history of resective epilepsy surgery and 268 patients who achieved seizure freedom without surgery (total N = 443 patients).
AHRQ-funded; HS024977.
Citation: Wissel BD, Greiner HM, Glauser TA .
Investigation of bias in an epilepsy machine learning algorithm trained on physician notes.
Epilepsia 2019 Sep;60(9):e93-e98. doi: 10.1111/epi.16320..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Surgery, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Healthcare Utilization, Health Information Technology (HIT), Shared Decision Making
Gressler LE, Natafgi NM, DeForge BR
What motivates people with substance use disorders to pursue treatment? A patient-centered approach to understanding patient experiences and patient-provider interactions.
The purpose of this study was to identify and define potential positive and negative factors in patient experiences and patient-provider interactions that are associated with the pursuit and maintenance of treatment by those suffering from substance use disorders (SUD). The investigators conducted two focus groups with patients in treatment for SUD and four in-depth interviews with healthcare providers involved in the treatment of patients with SUD.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation: Gressler LE, Natafgi NM, DeForge BR .
What motivates people with substance use disorders to pursue treatment? A patient-centered approach to understanding patient experiences and patient-provider interactions.
J Subst Use 2019;24(6):587-99. doi: 10.1080/14659891.2019.1620891..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Shared Decision Making, Healthcare Utilization, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement, Substance Abuse
Harris VC, Links AR, Walsh J
A systematic review of race/ethnicity and parental treatment decision-making.
Researchers examined patient race/ethnicity as it affects health care utilization, provider trust, and treatment choice in pediatric care. Pooled results from their systematic review showed (1) racial/ethnic minorities tended to prefer more aggressive end-of-life care; (2) familial tradition of neonatal circumcision influenced the decision to circumcise; and (3) non-Hispanic Whites were less likely to pursue human papillomavirus vaccination but more likely to complete the vaccine series if initiated. They recommended further investigation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022932.
Citation: Harris VC, Links AR, Walsh J .
A systematic review of race/ethnicity and parental treatment decision-making.
Clin Pediatr 2018 Oct;57(12):1453-64. doi: 10.1177/0009922818788307..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Shared Decision Making, Caregiving, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Healthcare Utilization
Roth JA, Carter-Harris L, Brandzel S
A qualitative study exploring patient motivations for screening for lung cancer.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the motivations for screening-eligible patients to screen for lung cancer. The investigators concluded that participants in their study were primarily motivated to screen for lung cancer based on perceived benefit of early-detection, absence of safety concerns, and personal relationships. They suggest that their findings can potentially be used to improve lung cancer screening uptake and shared decision-making processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Roth JA, Carter-Harris L, Brandzel S .
A qualitative study exploring patient motivations for screening for lung cancer.
PLoS One 2018 Jul 5;13(7):e0196758. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196758..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Shared Decision Making, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Haverkamp MH, Peiris D, Mainor AJ
ACOs with risk-bearing experience are likely taking steps to reduce low-value medical services.
The authors of this study set out to identify accountable care organizations (ACO) characteristics associated with implementation of strategies to reduce overuse of low-value medical services. The study concluded that in the first year of implementation, just one-third of ACOs had taken steps to reduce the use of low-value medical services. Safety-net ACOs and those with little experience as a risk-bearing organization need more time and support from healthcare payers and the Choosing Wisely campaign to prioritize the reduction of overuse.
AHRQ-funded; HS023812; HS024075.
Citation: Haverkamp MH, Peiris D, Mainor AJ .
ACOs with risk-bearing experience are likely taking steps to reduce low-value medical services.
Am J Manag Care 2018 Jul;24(7):e216-e21..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Healthcare Utilization, Health Services Research (HSR)
Sharp AL, Huang BZ, Tang T
Implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule and Its association with use of computed tomography among patients with head injury.
The researchers evaluated the association of implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule on head computed tomography (CT) imaging in community emergency departments (EDs). They found that a multicomponent implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule was associated with a modest reduction in CT use and an increased diagnostic yield of head CTs for adult trauma encounters in community EDs.
AHRQ-funded; HS021271.
Citation: Sharp AL, Huang BZ, Tang T .
Implementation of the Canadian CT Head Rule and Its association with use of computed tomography among patients with head injury.
Ann Emerg Med 2018 Jan;71(1):54-63.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.06.022.
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Keywords: Brain Injury, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Shared Decision Making, Emergency Department, Guidelines, Healthcare Utilization, Imaging