National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Adverse Events (3)
- Asthma (1)
- Back Health and Pain (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (3)
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- Critical Care (1)
- Depression (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (4)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (4)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (2)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Medical Devices (2)
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- Medication (2)
- Mortality (2)
- Newborns/Infants (2)
- (-) Outcomes (17)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (7)
- Patient Safety (4)
- Quality of Care (1)
- (-) Registries (17)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Stroke (1)
- Surgery (3)
- Transplantation (3)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 17 of 17 Research Studies DisplayedJackson LR, Kim S, Blanco R
Discontinuation rates of warfarin versus direct acting oral anticoagulants in US clinical practice: results from Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II (ORBIT-AF II).
The objective of this study was to evaluate discontinuation rates among patients on warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in clinical practice. Over 10,000 AF patients were enrolled from the ORBIT-AF II Registry as subjects. Findings showed that, in a community based atrial fibrillation cohort, adjusted rates of discontinuation at 12 months were higher in DOAC-treated versus vitamin K antagonist-treated patients. Discontinuation of oral anticoagulation was associated with increased absolute risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Jackson LR, Kim S, Blanco R .
Discontinuation rates of warfarin versus direct acting oral anticoagulants in US clinical practice: results from Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II (ORBIT-AF II).
Am Heart J 2020 Aug;226:85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.016..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Registries, Stroke, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes
Mogul DB, Perito ER, Wood N
Impact of acuity circles on outcomes for pediatric liver transplant candidates.
In December 2018, UNOS approved an allocation scheme based on recipients' geographic distance from a deceased donor ("acuity circles"). Previous analyses suggested acuity circles (AC) would reduce waitlist mortality overall, but their impact on pediatric subgroups was not considered. In this study, the investigators applied Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data from 2011-2016 towards the Liver Simulated Allocation Model (LSAM) to compare outcomes by age and illness severity for the UNOS-approved AC and the existing Donor Service Area (DSA)/Region-based allocation schemes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023876.
Citation: Mogul DB, Perito ER, Wood N .
Impact of acuity circles on outcomes for pediatric liver transplant candidates.
Transplantation 2020 Aug;104(8):1627-32. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003079..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Transplantation, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Registries, Surgery, Access to Care
Gliklich RE, Leavy MB, Cosgrove L
AHRQ Author: Berliner E
Harmonized outcome measures for use in depression patient registries and clinical practice.
This project’s goal was to develop a minimum set of standardized outcome measures relevant to both patients and clinicians that can be collected in depression registries and clinical practice. A multi-stakeholder panel categorized the 27 identified measures using AHRQ's supported Outcome Measures Framework. The panel then identified 10 broadly relevant measures and harmonized definitions for these measures. These harmonized measures represent a minimum set of outcomes that are relevant to clinicians and patients and appropriate for use in depression research and clinical practice.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201400004C.
Citation: Gliklich RE, Leavy MB, Cosgrove L .
Harmonized outcome measures for use in depression patient registries and clinical practice.
Ann Intern Med 2020 Jun 16;172(12):803-09. doi: 10.7326/m19-3818..
Keywords: Registries, Depression, Behavioral Health, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Bowring MG, Massie AB, Chu NM
Projected 20- and 30-year outcomes for pediatric liver transplant recipients in the United States.
Researchers aimed to use national registry data and parametric models to project 20- and 30-year post-transplant outcomes for recently transplanted pediatric liver transplant (LT) recipients. Using Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data, they found that projected long-term outcomes for recently transplanted pediatric LT recipients are excellent, reflective of substantial improvements in medical care, and informative for physician-patient education and decision making in the current era.
AHRQ-funded; HS023876.
Citation: Bowring MG, Massie AB, Chu NM .
Projected 20- and 30-year outcomes for pediatric liver transplant recipients in the United States.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020 Mar;70(3):356-63. doi: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002592..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Transplantation, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Surgery, Registries, Evidence-Based Practice
Gliklich RE, Castro M, Leavy MB
Harmonized outcome measures for use in asthma patient registries and clinical practice.
The purpose of this project was to develop a minimum set of patient and provider relevant standardized outcome measures that could be collected in asthma patient registries and clinical practice. Categorizing outcome measures using AHRQ’s supported Outcome Measures Framework (OMF), a minimum set of 21 broadly relevant measures from 13 registries was identified. Routine and consistent collection of these measures in registries and in other systems would support creation of a national research infrastructure to efficiently address new questions and improve patient management and outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 290201400004C.
Citation: Gliklich RE, Castro M, Leavy MB .
Harmonized outcome measures for use in asthma patient registries and clinical practice.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Sep;144(3):671-81.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.02.025..
Keywords: Asthma, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Ozawa Y, Ades A, Foglia EE
Premedication with neuromuscular blockade and sedation during neonatal intubation is associated with fewer adverse events.
This study assessed the impact of using sedation with neuromuscular blockade in non-emergency tracheal intubation of neonates. The retrospective cohort was from infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) participating the National Emergency Airway Registry for Neonates from 2014 to 2017. There was less adverse events associated with use of the neuromuscular blockade premedication.
AHRQ-funded; HS024511.
Citation: Ozawa Y, Ades A, Foglia EE .
Premedication with neuromuscular blockade and sedation during neonatal intubation is associated with fewer adverse events.
J Perinatol 2019 Jun;39(6):848-56. doi: 10.1038/s41372-019-0367-0..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Medication, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Patient Safety, Registries
Sanders R, Edwards L, Nishisaki A
Tracheal intubations for critically Ill children outside specialized centers in the United Kingdom-patient, provider, practice factors, and adverse events.
This editorial discusses a research study on outcomes of performing pediatric trachael intubations (TIs) and how the results can be applied to performing intubations on critically ill children in the United Kingdom outside of specialized centers. One of the authors is from a U.S. site that submits its airway management data to the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS). The results from the registry were compared to the results from the study. A total of 1,051 patients out of 1,237 eligible patients were analyzed. The results came from 47 nonspecialized local hospitals in the North Thames and East Anglia region of the UK. Adverse TI-associated events (TIAEs) occurred in 22.7% of the patients, which is higher than those in PICUs and cardiac ICUs. The majority of intubations were performed by the anesthesiologist in the team. The results were similar to those in the NEAR4KIDS registry. There were more complications with children with a higher grade of airway difficulties and comorbidities. The authors believe that pediatric airway management for acutely ill children would benefit from new strategies. They recommend a system change using Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycles.
AHRQ-funded; HS021583; HS022464; HS024511.
Citation: Sanders R, Edwards L, Nishisaki A .
Tracheal intubations for critically Ill children outside specialized centers in the United Kingdom-patient, provider, practice factors, and adverse events.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2019 Jun;20(6):572-73. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001946..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Outcomes, Patient Safety, Registries, Respiratory Conditions
Millar MM, Kinney AY, Camp NJ
Predictors of response outcomes for research recruitment through a central cancer registry: evidence from 17 recruitment efforts for population-based studies.
The authors conducted multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to identify case and study characteristics associated with making contact with and obtaining cooperation of Utah cancer cases. They found that characteristics associated with lower odds of contact included Hispanic ethnicity, nonwhite race, and younger age at contact. Years since diagnosis was inversely associated with making contact. Increased odds of cooperation were associated with including a questionnaire, postage stamps, and incentives. They concluded that obtaining high response is challenging, but study features identified in this analysis support better results when recruiting through central cancer registries.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation: Millar MM, Kinney AY, Camp NJ .
Predictors of response outcomes for research recruitment through a central cancer registry: evidence from 17 recruitment efforts for population-based studies.
Am J Epidemiol 2019 May;188(5):928-39. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwz011..
Keywords: Cancer, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Registries, Outcomes, Research Methodologies
Inohara T, Kim S, Pieper K
B-type natriuretic peptide, disease progression and clinical outcomes in atrial fibrillation.
In this study, the investigators evaluated the association between B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and outcomes, including atrial fibrillation (AF) progression, composite outcome of major adverse cardiovascular or neurological events (MACNE) and major bleeding, via pooled logistic regression and Cox frailty models in Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II registry.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Inohara T, Kim S, Pieper K .
B-type natriuretic peptide, disease progression and clinical outcomes in atrial fibrillation.
Heart 2019 Mar;105(5):370-77. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313642..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Registries
Holscher CM, Luo X, Massie AB
Better graft outcomes from offspring donor kidneys among living donor kidney transplant recipients in the United States.
This study used Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data 2001-2016 to evaluate death-censored graft failure (DCGF) and mortality for recipients of offspring versus nonoffspring living donor kidneys, using Cox regression models with interaction terms. The investigators found that kidneys from offspring donors provided lower graft failure and comparable mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS024600.
Citation: Holscher CM, Luo X, Massie AB .
Better graft outcomes from offspring donor kidneys among living donor kidney transplant recipients in the United States.
Am J Transplant 2019 Jan;19(1):269-76. doi: 10.1111/ajt.15126..
Keywords: Transplantation, Surgery, Registries, Outcomes, Mortality, Adverse Events
Foglia EE, Ades A, Sawyer T
Neonatal intubation practice and outcomes: an international registry study.
Neonatal tracheal intubation is a critical but potentially dangerous procedure. In this study, the investigators sought to characterize intubation practice and outcomes in the NICU and delivery room (DR) settings and to identify potentially modifiable factors to improve neonatal intubation safety. They developed the National Emergency Airway Registry for Neonates and collected standardized data for patients, providers, practices, and outcomes of neonatal intubation. They suggest that their results will inform future interventional studies to improve neonatal intubation safety.
AHRQ-funded; HS024511.
Citation: Foglia EE, Ades A, Sawyer T .
Neonatal intubation practice and outcomes: an international registry study.
Pediatrics 2019 Jan;143(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-0902..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Health Services Research (HSR), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Patient Safety, Registries
Calkins H, Gliklich RE, Leavy MB
Harmonized outcome measures for use in atrial fibrillation patient registries and clinical practice: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society Board of Trustees.
This study used AHRQ’s Outcome Measures Framework (OMF) to create standards so that different registries for atrial fibrillation (AF) can be linked and their data compared. One-hundred outcome measures from 13 different registries were curated and then harmonized according to OMF standards. Twenty measures were created to represent a minimum set of outcomes for research and clinical practice.
AHRQ-funded; 290201400004C.
Citation: Calkins H, Gliklich RE, Leavy MB .
Harmonized outcome measures for use in atrial fibrillation patient registries and clinical practice: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society Board of Trustees.
Heart Rhythm 2019 Jan;16(1):e3 - e16. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.09.021..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries
Banerjee M, Muenz DG, Worden FP
Conditional survival in patients with thyroid cancer.
This study used data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry to determine conditional 5-year disease-specific survival based on patient age, gender, and stage. It found that patients with localized thyroid cancer have excellent conditional 5-year survival, irrespective of where they are in their survivorship phase. In addition, patients with regional thyroid cancer have relatively stable conditional 5-year survival.
AHRQ-funded; HS020937.
Citation: Banerjee M, Muenz DG, Worden FP .
Conditional survival in patients with thyroid cancer.
Thyroid 2014 Dec;24(12):1784-9. doi: 10.1089/thy.2014.0264..
Keywords: Cancer, Mortality, Outcomes, Registries
Scialla JJ, Liu J, Crews DC
An instrumental variable approach finds no associated harm or benefit with early dialysis initiation in the United States.
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at dialysis initiation has been rising. This study described geographic variation in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at dialysis initiation and determine its association with mortality. It found no associated harm or benefit with early dialysis initiation in the United States.
AHRQ-funded; 290200500341I.
Citation: Scialla JJ, Liu J, Crews DC .
An instrumental variable approach finds no associated harm or benefit with early dialysis initiation in the United States.
Kidney Int 2014 Oct;86(4):798-809. doi: 10.1038/ki.2014.110..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Outcomes, Patient Safety, Registries
Borne RT, Peterson PN, Greenlee R
Temporal trends in patient characteristics and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in the United States, 2006-2010.
Results from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry's Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry. This study characterizing trends in clinical profiles and outcomes among Medicare patients undergoing primary implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation found only modest changes in clinical characteristics between 2006 and 2010. However, 6-month mortality and rehospitalization improved significantly over time, suggesting that there were meaningful improvements.
AHRQ-funded; HS019814
Citation: Borne RT, Peterson PN, Greenlee R .
Temporal trends in patient characteristics and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in the United States, 2006-2010.
Circulation. 2014 Sep 2;130(10):845-53. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008653..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Outcomes, Medicare, Registries, Quality of Care
Setoguchi SR, Warner Stevenson L, Stewart GC
Influence of healthy candidate bias in assessing clinical effectiveness for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: cohort study of older patients with heart failure.
This study assessed the potential contribution of unmeasured general health status to patient selection in assessments of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. In a group of heart failure patients, those who received ICD therapy were younger and had lower ejection fraction and more cardiac admissions to hospital but fewer non-cardiac admissions. The lower risks of measured outcomes likely reflect unmeasured differences in comorbidity and frailty.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050016I; HS017731
Citation: Setoguchi SR, Warner Stevenson L, Stewart GC .
Influence of healthy candidate bias in assessing clinical effectiveness for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: cohort study of older patients with heart failure.
BMJ. 2014 May 8;348:g2866. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g2866..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Outcomes, Registries, Heart Disease and Health, Medicare
Jarvik JG, Comstock BA, Heagerty PJ
Back pain in seniors: the Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data (BOLD) cohort baseline data.
Back pain, function, and health-related quality of life varied by demographic and geographic factors among seniors, based on data in the Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data (BOLD) Registry. Lower education, female sex, black race, and older age were linked to worse disability.
AHRQ-funded; HS019222
Citation: Jarvik JG, Comstock BA, Heagerty PJ .
Back pain in seniors: the Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data (BOLD) cohort baseline data.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014 Apr 23;15:134. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-134..
Keywords: Back Health and Pain, Elderly, Outcomes, Registries