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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedMcClure JB, Lapham G
Tobacco quitline engagement and outcomes among primary care patients reporting use of tobacco or dual tobacco and cannabis: an observational study.
Researchers examined dual users of tobacco and cannabis and how this use impacts individuals' interest in or ability to stop smoking. They found that, although dual use of tobacco and cannabis is common among smokers seen in primary care and those enrolling in quitline care, it may not undermine tobacco quitline engagement or smoking cessation. They concluded that tobacco quitline care was equally engaging and effective among tobacco users and dual users of tobacco and cannabis.
AHRQ-funded; HS026369.
Citation: McClure JB, Lapham G .
Tobacco quitline engagement and outcomes among primary care patients reporting use of tobacco or dual tobacco and cannabis: an observational study.
Subst Abus 2021;42(4):417-22. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2020.1846665..
Keywords: Tobacco Use, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Primary Care
Lewis JA, Senft N, Chen H
Evidence-based smoking cessation treatment: a comparison by healthcare system.
The authors surveyed general medicine providers and specialists in a large academic health center (AHC) and its affiliated Veterans Health Administration (VHA) in the Mid-South in 2017 to determine the cross-sectional association of healthcare system in which the provider practiced (AHC versus VHA) with self-reported provision of evidence-based smoking cessation treatment at least once in the past 12 months. They found that VHA healthcare providers were significantly more likely to provide evidence-based smoking cessation treatment compared to AHC healthcare providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Lewis JA, Senft N, Chen H .
Evidence-based smoking cessation treatment: a comparison by healthcare system.
BMC Health Serv Res 2021 Jan 7;21(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-06016-5..
Keywords: Health Systems, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Evidence-Based Practice, Substance Abuse
Chu KH, Matheny SJ, Escobar-Viera CG
Smartphone health apps for tobacco cessation: a systematic review.
The objective of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate the types of studies that use smartphone apps for interventions in tobacco cessation. Findings showed that the majority of studies identified that use tobacco cessation apps as an intervention delivery modality were mostly at the pilot/feasibility stage. The growing field has resulted in studies that varied in methodologies, study design, and inclusion criteria. Recommendations included more consistency in intervention components and larger randomized controlled trials for tobacco cessation smartphone apps.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Chu KH, Matheny SJ, Escobar-Viera CG .
Smartphone health apps for tobacco cessation: a systematic review.
Addict Behav 2021 Jan;112:106616. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106616..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Evidence-Based Practice
Elkhadragy N, Corelli RL, Russ AL
Faculty perceptions of a tobacco cessation train-the-trainer workshop and experiences with implementation: a qualitative follow-up study.
Researchers conducted a long-term, qualitative follow-up study of faculty participants in the Rx for Change: Clinician-Assisted Tobacco Cessation workshop. All study participants reported implementing components of Rx for Change at their institution. The researchers’ analysis yielded eight major themes pertaining to faculty perceptions and experiences with implementation. They found that participation in the train-the-trainer workshop increased self-reported confidence for teaching tobacco cessation, and faculty valued access to useful, updated tools for teaching. Furthermore, the newly-acquired counseling skills were deemed helpful for treating patients' tobacco use and dependence in clinical practice.
AHRQ- funded; HS022119.
Citation: Elkhadragy N, Corelli RL, Russ AL .
Faculty perceptions of a tobacco cessation train-the-trainer workshop and experiences with implementation: a qualitative follow-up study.
Res Social Adm Pharm 2019 Dec;15(12):1436-45. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2019.01.005..
Keywords: Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Education: Continuing Medical Education
Maclean JC, Pesko MF, Hill SC
AHRQ Author: Hill SC
Public insurance expansions and smoking cessation medications.
The authors examined public insurance expansion on use of smoking cessation medications. The Affordable Care Act expanded coverage of these medications with financing with Medicaid. Data was analyzed from retail and online pharmacies from 2011 to 2017, and the expansion increased smoking cessation prescriptions by 24% in new medication use.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Maclean JC, Pesko MF, Hill SC .
Public insurance expansions and smoking cessation medications.
Econ Inq 2019 Oct;57(4):1798-820. doi: 10.1111/ecin.12794..
Keywords: Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Health Insurance, Medication, Substance Abuse, Medicaid
Senft N, Sanderson M, Selove R
Attitudes toward precision treatment of smoking in the Southern Community Cohort Study.
Precision interventions using biological data may enhance smoking treatment, yet are understudied among smokers who are disproportionately burdened by smoking-related disease. In this study, the investigators surveyed smokers in the NCI-sponsored Southern Community Cohort Study, consisting primarily of African-American, low-income adults. The researchers concluded that among disproportionately burdened community smokers, most held favorable attitudes toward precision smoking treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Senft N, Sanderson M, Selove R .
Attitudes toward precision treatment of smoking in the Southern Community Cohort Study.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019 Aug;28(8):1345-52. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.Epi-19-0179..
Keywords: Tobacco Use, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Substance Abuse, Social Determinants of Health, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer
Chu KH, Colditz J, Malik M
Identifying key target audiences for public health campaigns: leveraging machine learning in the case of hookah tobacco smoking.
Current social media platforms provide researchers with opportunities to better identify and target specific audiences and even individuals. However, the investigators were not aware of systematic research attempting to identify audiences with mixed or ambivalent views toward hookah tobacco smoking (HTS). The objective of their study was to (1) confirm previous research showing positively skewed HTS sentiment on Twitter using a larger dataset by leveraging machine learning techniques and (2) systematically identify individuals who exhibit mixed opinions about HTS via the Twitter platform and therefore represent key audiences for intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Chu KH, Colditz J, Malik M .
Identifying key target audiences for public health campaigns: leveraging machine learning in the case of hookah tobacco smoking.
J Med Internet Res 2019 Jul 8;21(7):e12443. doi: 10.2196/12443..
Keywords: Health Promotion, Public Health, Social Media, Tobacco Use, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation
Schnall R, Carcamo J, Porras T
Use of the phase-based model of smoking treatment to guide intervention development for persons living with HIV who self-identify as African American tobacco smokers.
To address the issue of developing effective tobacco cessation interventions for persons with HIV, this study conducted six focus group sessions with 45 African American smokers who are living with HIV in order to understand barriers to smoking cessation and strategies to help overcome these barriers. The participants articulated key components for incorporation into tobacco cessation intervention: personalized plans for quitting, reminders about the plan, and a support system. Participants also described barriers to use of pharmacotherapy, such as adverse side effects of nicotine gum and patch, and expressed concerns about negative health effects of some oral medications. The authors conclude that their findings provide information on the components of a tobacco cessation intervention for persons living with HIV.
AHRQ-funded; HS025071.
Citation: Schnall R, Carcamo J, Porras T .
Use of the phase-based model of smoking treatment to guide intervention development for persons living with HIV who self-identify as African American tobacco smokers.
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 May 15;16(10). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101703..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Primary Care: Models of Care, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Tobacco Use, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation