National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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- Adverse Events (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedMullins BT, Basak R, Broughman JR
Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.
This study compares the effects of different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy on sexual function. A population-based cohort of 835 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2011 through 2013 was recruited in collaboration with the Rapid Case Ascertainment system of the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. They were enrolled prior to treatment and followed retrospectively using the validated Prostate Cancer Symptom Indices (PCSI) instrument. The sexual function scores were compared among patients who received the following treatment types: external-beam RT (EBRT), EBRT with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), brachytherapy, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (RP), and non-nerve-sparing RP. The cohort was surveyed at 24 months post-therapy, and RT alone was found to result in the best preservation of sexual function with brachytherapy, RT with ADT, and nerve-sparing RP yielding similar outcomes. Patients treated with non-nerve-sparing RP experienced the worst sexual function outcome.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Mullins BT, Basak R, Broughman JR .
Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.
Cancer 2019 Oct 15;125(20):3657-65. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32288..
Keywords: Quality of Life, Sexual Health, Surgery, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice
Kundi H, Popma JJ, Reynolds MR
Frailty and related outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter valve therapies in a nationwide cohort.
In this study, the investigators sought to identify the prevalence and related outcomes of frail individuals undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Patients aged 65 and older were included in the study if they had at least one procedural code for transcatheter mitral valve repair or TAVR between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2016 in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicare Provider and Review database.
Citation: Kundi H, Popma JJ, Reynolds MR .
Frailty and related outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter valve therapies in a nationwide cohort.
Eur Heart J 2019 Jul 14;40(27):2231-39. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz187.
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Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Outcomes, Treatments
Chapman WC, Subramanian M, Jayarajan S
First, do no harm: rethinking routine diversion in sphincter-preserving rectal cancer resection.
The authors hypothesized that routine temporary diversion is not associated with decreased rates of leak or reintervention in cancer patients at large undergoing sphincter-sparing procedures. Using HCUP data from the Florida State Inpatient Database, they found no association between diversion and anastomotic leak. However, temporary diversion was associated with increased incidence of nonelective reinterventions, readmissions, and higher costs. They recommended additional study to identify which patients would benefit most from diversion.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Chapman WC, Subramanian M, Jayarajan S .
First, do no harm: rethinking routine diversion in sphincter-preserving rectal cancer resection.
J Am Coll Surg 2019 Apr;228(4):547-56.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.12.012..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Surgery, Treatments
Yin LX, Padula WV, Gadkaree S
Health care costs and cost-effectiveness in laryngotracheal stenosis.
The goal of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing open reconstruction surgery versus endoscopic dilation in the treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS). Cricotracheal/tracheal resection (CTR/TR) and endoscopic dilation were compared at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) over 5 and 10 years. Annual treatment costs were derived from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Johns Hopkins University. The results indicate that patients with intubation-related stenosis have higher annual costs than idiopathic patients. The major risk factor for increased cost was etiology of stenosis. Although CTR/TR contributes significantly to cost in LTS, it is more cost-effective than endoscopic dilations for appropriately selected patients over the 5- and 10-year periods.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Yin LX, Padula WV, Gadkaree S .
Health care costs and cost-effectiveness in laryngotracheal stenosis.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Apr;160(4):679-86. doi: 10.1177/0194599818815068..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Surgery, Treatments
Childers CP, Dworsky JQ, Maggard-Gibbons M
The contemporary appendectomy for acute uncomplicated appendicitis in adults.
Epidemiologic data related to the surgical management of appendicitis are out of date. In this study, the authors contemplated the role of nonoperative therapy in uncomplicated appendicitis and developed a contemporary profile of the risks and benefits of operative appendectomy by merging the 2016 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program essential and appendectomy-targeted participant use files.
AHRQ-funded; HS025079.
Citation: Childers CP, Dworsky JQ, Maggard-Gibbons M .
The contemporary appendectomy for acute uncomplicated appendicitis in adults.
Surgery 2019 Mar;165(3):593-601. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.09.009..
Keywords: Care Management, Quality Improvement, Surgery, Treatments
Gani F, Conca-Cheng AM, Nettles B
Trends in outcomes after cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
The goal of this study was to describe temporal trends in clinical outcomes among patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery or hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC). Operative time, postoperative morbidity, and length of stay after CRS/HIPEC were observed to improve over the study period. Careful patient selection may result in favorable outcomes for select patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736.
Citation: Gani F, Conca-Cheng AM, Nettles B .
Trends in outcomes after cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
J Surg Res 2019 Feb;234:240-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.09.032..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Treatments, Cancer, Surgery, Outcomes
Jacoby VL, Jacoby A, Learman LA
Use of medical, surgical and complementary treatments among women with fibroids.
This study examined the use of medical management, uterus-preserving surgery, and complementary treatments among women with uterine fibroids. It found that uterus-preserving fibroid surgery is effective, but many symptomatic women can be successfully treated with nonsurgical management, including complementary and alternative therapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS011657; HS07373; HS09478.
Citation: Jacoby VL, Jacoby A, Learman LA .
Use of medical, surgical and complementary treatments among women with fibroids.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014 Nov;182:220-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.09.004..
Keywords: Care Management, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Medication, Surgery, Treatments, Women
Goode AP, Richardson WJ, Schectman RM
Complications, revision fusions, readmissions, and utilization over a 1-year period after bone morphogenetic protein use during primary cervical spine fusions.
The authors sought to determine the 1-year risk of complications, cervical revision fusions, hospital readmissions, and health care services utilization after bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) use with cervical spine fusions. They found that patients receiving BMP were 29% more likely to have a complication and a nervous system complication; cervical revision fusions were more likely among patients receiving BMP; the risk of 30-day readmission was greater with BMP use; and readmission occurred 27.4% sooner on an average. Additionally, patients receiving BMP were more likely to receive computed tomography scans and epidurals with anterior surgical approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS019479.
Citation: Goode AP, Richardson WJ, Schectman RM .
Complications, revision fusions, readmissions, and utilization over a 1-year period after bone morphogenetic protein use during primary cervical spine fusions.
Spine J 2014 Sep;14(9):2051-9. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.11.042.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Hospital Readmissions, Patient Safety, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Treatments
Pan IW, Smith BD, Shih YC
Factors contributing to underuse of radiation among younger women with breast cancer.
This study explores factors associated with noncompliance of RT among insured young patients. It found that competing demands from child care, especially the presence of a young child in the home, can constitute a barrier to complete guideline-concordant breast cancer therapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS018535.
Citation: Pan IW, Smith BD, Shih YC .
Factors contributing to underuse of radiation among younger women with breast cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2014 Jan;106(1):djt340. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djt340..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Health Insurance, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Surgery, Treatments