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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedWilliams CN, Eriksson CO, Kirby A
Hospital mortality and functional outcomes in pediatric neurocritical care.
Pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) outcomes research is scarce. In this study, the investigators aimed to expand knowledge about outcomes in PNCC by evaluating death and changes in Functional Status Scale (FSS) from baseline among PNCC diagnoses. The investigators concluded that PNCC patients had high rates of death and new disability at discharge, varying significantly between PNCC diagnoses. Multiple domains of disability were affected, underscoring the ongoing multidisciplinary health care needs of survivors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Williams CN, Eriksson CO, Kirby A .
Hospital mortality and functional outcomes in pediatric neurocritical care.
Hosp Pediatr 2019 Dec;9(12):958-66. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2019-0173..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Newborns/Infants, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care, Neurological Disorders, Mortality, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Oh ES, Needham DM, Nikooie R
Antipsychotics for preventing delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review evaluating the benefits and harms of antipsychotics to treat delirium in adults. Results showed that there was little evidence demonstrating neurologic harms associated with short-term use of antipsychotics for treating delirium in adult inpatients, but potentially harmful cardiac effects tended to occur more frequently. Current evidence does not support routine use of haloperidol or second-generation antipsychotics to treat delirium in adult inpatients.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Oh ES, Needham DM, Nikooie R .
Antipsychotics for preventing delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2019 Oct 1;171(7):474-84. doi: 10.7326/m19-1859..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Medication, Hospitalization, Inpatient Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health, Prevention
Nikooie R, Neufeld KJ, Oh ES
Antipsychotics for treating delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review evaluating the benefits and harms of antipsychotics to treat delirium in adults. Results showed that there was little evidence demonstrating neurologic harms associated with short-term use of antipsychotics for treating delirium in adult inpatients, but potentially harmful cardiac effects tended to occur more frequently. Current evidence does not support routine use of haloperidol or second-generation antipsychotics to treat delirium in adult inpatients.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Nikooie R, Neufeld KJ, Oh ES .
Antipsychotics for treating delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2019 Oct 1;171(7):485-95. doi: 10.7326/m19-1860.
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Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Medication, Hospitalization, Inpatient Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health
Kukulka K, Washington KT, Govindarajan R
Stakeholder perspectives on the biopsychosocial and spiritual realities of living with ALS: implications for palliative care teams.
The purpose of this study was to generate a rich description of the realities of living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), equipping palliative care teams with an in-depth understanding of the experiences and needs of patients with ALS and their family caregivers. Study findings illustrated the intricacies of living with ALS and the importance of eliciting individualized values when caring for patients with ALS and their families. The investigators concluded that the complex biopsychosocial needs experienced by patients and family caregivers suggested numerous opportunities for meaningful palliative care involvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS022140.
Citation: Kukulka K, Washington KT, Govindarajan R .
Stakeholder perspectives on the biopsychosocial and spiritual realities of living with ALS: implications for palliative care teams.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2019 Oct;36(10):851-57. doi: 10.1177/1049909119834493..
Keywords: Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient and Family Engagement, Caregiving
Armstrong MJ, Gronseth GS, Day GS
Patient stakeholder versus physician preferences regarding amyloid PET testing.
Patient and caregiver perspectives on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) use are largely unexplored, particularly as compared with clinician views. In this study, the investigators surveyed clinicians, patients, caregivers, and dementia advocates on topics relating to an evidence-based guideline on amyloid PET use. They found that patients and caregivers emphasized the importance of having a dementia diagnosis and placed more value on testing and outcomes for asymptomatic populations than clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS024159.
Citation: Armstrong MJ, Gronseth GS, Day GS .
Patient stakeholder versus physician preferences regarding amyloid PET testing.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019 Jul-Sep;33(3):246-53. doi: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000311..
Keywords: Decision Making, Dementia, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Imaging, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Provider, Provider: Physician
Armstrong MJ
Developing the disorders of consciousness guideline and challenges of integrating shared decision-making into clinical practice.
The purpose of this study was to review methodology informing evidence-based guideline development and integration of guidelines into clinical care through shared decision-making (SDM) and to highlight challenges to SDM in disorders of consciousness. Recently published disorders of consciousness guideline recommendations provide strategies for clinicians to enhance quality care for these individuals and also to provide details helping clinicians partner with individuals with disorders of consciousness and their surrogates. Further research is recommended into many aspects of caring for individuals with disorders of consciousness and optimal strategies for partnering with surrogates in decision-making.
AHRQ-funded; HS024159.
Citation: Armstrong MJ .
Developing the disorders of consciousness guideline and challenges of integrating shared decision-making into clinical practice.
J Head Trauma Rehabil 2019 May/Jun;34(3):199-204. doi: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000496.
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Keywords: Decision Making, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research