National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Asthma (1)
- Autism (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Case Study (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (9)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- (-) Diagnostic Safety and Quality (9)
- Domestic Violence (1)
- Education (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (2)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Medical Errors (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Primary Care (3)
- Quality Improvement (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Screening (2)
- Urban Health (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedZins ZP, Wheeler KK, Brink F
Trends in US physician diagnosis of child physical abuse and neglect injuries, 2006-2014.
The purpose of this study was to determine if US child physical abuse and neglect injury rates changed from 2006 to 2014, whether definitive diagnoses of physical abuse and neglect were used more often over time, and what patient factors influenced definitive physical maltreatment diagnoses. The investigators found that definitive diagnoses of physical abuse and neglect increased over the study period and were associated with hospital volume and patient characteristics which may reflect provider experience and possible bias.
AHRQ-funded; HS024263.
Citation: Zins ZP, Wheeler KK, Brink F .
Trends in US physician diagnosis of child physical abuse and neglect injuries, 2006-2014.
Child Abuse Negl 2019 Dec;98:104179. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104179..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Domestic Violence, Injuries and Wounds, Emergency Department, Hospitalization
Gray DT, Mizrahi T
AHRQ Author: Gray DT, Mizrahi T
Trends in appendicitis and perforated appendicitis prevalence in children in the United States, 2001-2015,
This cross-sectional study examined trends in appendicitis and perforated appendicitis in children in the United States from 2001 to 2015 using State Inpatient Databases (SIDS) HCUP data. Investigators found that rates of perforated appendicitis rose during that time period.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Gray DT, Mizrahi T .
Trends in appendicitis and perforated appendicitis prevalence in children in the United States, 2001-2015,
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Oct;3(10):e2023484. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.23484..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Cohen E, Rodean J, Dong C
Low-value diagnostic imaging use in the pediatric emergency department in the United States and Canada.
This study compared rates of diagnostic imaging for pediatric emergency department (ED) patients in the United States and Canada. Rates were compared for 4 pediatric EDs in Ontario and 26 in the United States from 2006 through 2016. Overall, Canada had lower rates of diagnostic imaging of all types than the United Sates. Adverse outcomes were compared as well and lower use in Canada was not associated with highr rates of adverse outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Cohen E, Rodean J, Dong C .
Low-value diagnostic imaging use in the pediatric emergency department in the United States and Canada.
JAMA Pediatr 2019 Aug;173(8):e191439. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1439..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Louisias M, Petty CR, Sheehan W
Use of a school-based survey to screen students for symptoms concerning for asthma.
Researchers sought early identification of asthma in minority children. Their goal was to determine if they could apply screening surveys to an inner-city, school-based cohort. They found a significant number of children with a positive asthma screen and no parent-reported asthma. Children with symptoms suggestive of asthma had elevated rates of hospital care for breathing problems and an atopic background. The researchers conclude that these children without known asthma, but who experience increased morbidity, can be easily identified with a school-based asthma screening survey and should be closely monitored.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063; HS022986.
Citation: Louisias M, Petty CR, Sheehan W .
Use of a school-based survey to screen students for symptoms concerning for asthma.
Clin Pediatr 2019 May;58(5):586-89. doi: 10.1177/0009922819832087..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Screening, Education, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Urban Health
Rinke ML, German M, Azera B
Effect of mental health screening and integrated mental health on adolescent depression-coded visits.
This article describes a retrospective primary care network natural cohort study to analyze how mental health screening and integrated mental health practitioners affect adolescent depression identification. The percentage of depression-coded adolescent visits were compared between practices with and without mental health screening and with and without integrated mental health practitioners, using difference-in-differences analyses. The authors conclude that adolescent mental health screening and integrated mental health practitioners increase depression-coded visits in primary care.
AHRQ-funded; HS0203608.
Citation: Rinke ML, German M, Azera B .
Effect of mental health screening and integrated mental health on adolescent depression-coded visits.
Clin Pediatr 2019 Apr;58(4):437-45. doi: 10.1177/0009922818821889..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Depression, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Primary Care, Screening
Bundy DG, Singh H, Stein RE
The design and conduct of Project RedDE: a cluster-randomized trial to reduce diagnostic errors in pediatric primary care.
This paper discusses the results of Project RedDE, which was a virtual collaborative quality improvement study to reduce diagnostic errors in pediatric primary care practices. Forty-three practices were initially recruited, with a total of 31 practices left at the end due to practice dropout and two participating practices merging. This study was a randomized controlled trial targeting three common diagnostic errors (missed diagnoses of adolescent depression, abnormal blood pressure, and lack of followup for abnormal laboratory results). Contamination across study groups was a recurring problem, but risk mitigations were used. Electronic health records contributed to teams’ success.
AHRQ-funded; HS203608.
Citation: Bundy DG, Singh H, Stein RE .
The design and conduct of Project RedDE: a cluster-randomized trial to reduce diagnostic errors in pediatric primary care.
Clin Trials 2019 Apr;16(2):154-64. doi: 10.1177/1740774518820522..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Medical Errors, Prevention, Primary Care, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Fogler J, Kuhn J, Prock L
Diagnostic uncertainty in a complex young man: autism versus psychosis.
This paper provides a case study of boy, diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who was born in Vietnam to a mother with mental illness.
AHRQ-funded; HS022242.
Citation: Fogler J, Kuhn J, Prock L .
Diagnostic uncertainty in a complex young man: autism versus psychosis.
J Dev Behav Pediatr 2019 Jan;40(1):72-74. doi: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000635..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Autism, Behavioral Health, Case Study
Fierro JL, Prasad PA, Localio AR
Variability in the diagnosis and treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis by primary care pediatricians.
The researchers compared practice patterns regarding the diagnosis and management of streptococcal pharyngitis across 25 pediatric primary care practices sharing an electronic health record. They found that only 18 of 222 clinicians wrote 50 percent of all broad-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions for children with group a streptococcus pharyngitis. They suggested targeted interventions to improve adherence to prescribing guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710013
Citation: Fierro JL, Prasad PA, Localio AR .
Variability in the diagnosis and treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis by primary care pediatricians.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S79-85. doi: 10.1086/677820..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Primary Care, Practice Patterns
Lawrence JM, Black MH, Zhang JL
Validation of pediatric diabetes case identification approaches for diagnosed cases by using information in the electronic health records of a large integrated managed health care organization.
The researchers explored the utility of different algorithms for diabetes case identification by using electronic health records. They found that case identification accuracy was highest in 75% of bootstrapped samples for those who had 1 or more outpatient diabetes diagnoses or 1 or more insulin prescriptions and in 25% of samples for those who had 2 or more outpatient diabetes diagnoses and 1 or more antidiabetic medications.
AHRQ-funded; HS019859.
Citation: Lawrence JM, Black MH, Zhang JL .
Validation of pediatric diabetes case identification approaches for diagnosed cases by using information in the electronic health records of a large integrated managed health care organization.
Am J Epidemiol 2014 Jan;179(1):27-38. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt230..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Diagnostic Safety and Quality