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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (2)
- Adverse Events (9)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Caregiving (1)
- Care Management (1)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (23)
- Chronic Conditions (3)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Critical Care (3)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (3)
- Disparities (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
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- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Family Health and History (2)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (1)
- Hospitalization (2)
- Hospitals (4)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Inpatient Care (5)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (5)
- Medical Devices (1)
- Medical Errors (6)
- Medication (5)
- Medication: Safety (3)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (1)
- Nursing (2)
- Opioids (1)
- (-) Patient Safety (23)
- Policy (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Public Health (1)
- Quality Improvement (4)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality Measures (1)
- Quality of Care (6)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Registries (1)
- Risk (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Surgery (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 23 of 23 Research Studies DisplayedRamsden SC, Pergjika A, Janssen AC
A systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of droperidol for pediatric agitation in acute care settings.
This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness and safety of droperidol for the management of acute, severe agitation in children in acute care settings. The authors conclude that existing data indicate that droperidol is both effective and safe; however, data are limited by study designs that may introduce bias.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Ramsden SC, Pergjika A, Janssen AC .
A systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of droperidol for pediatric agitation in acute care settings.
Acad Emerg Med 2022 Dec;29(12):1466-74. doi: 10.1111/acem.14515..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Medication: Safety, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Patient Safety
Halvorson EE, Thurtle DP, Easter A
Disparities in adverse event reporting for hospitalized children.
The authors compared the adverse event (AE) rate identified by voluntary event reporting (VER) with that identified using the Global Assessment of Pediatric Patient Safety (GAPPS) between hospitalized children by weight category, race, and English proficiency. In the population studied, they identified 288 total AEs, 270 by the GAPPS and 18 by VER. They found a disparity in AE reporting for children with limited English proficiency, with fewer AEs by VER compared with no difference in AEs by GAPPS. They identified no disparities by weight category or race. They concluded that voluntary event reporting may systematically underreport AEs in hospitalized children with limited English proficiency.
AHRQ-funded; HS026038.
Citation: Halvorson EE, Thurtle DP, Easter A .
Disparities in adverse event reporting for hospitalized children.
J Patient Saf 2022 Sep 1;18(6):e928-e33. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000001049..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Adverse Events, Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Hospitals, Hospitalization, Inpatient Care
Mercer AN, Mauskar S, Baird J
Family safety reporting in hospitalized children with medical complexity.
This prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate safety concerns from families of hospitalized children with medical complexity (CMC) who are at high risk of medical errors. This survey was done predischarge with English- and Spanish-speaking parents/staff of hospitalized CMC on 5 units caring for complex care patients at a tertiary care children's hospital. A total of 155 parents and 214 staff completed surveys, with 43% (n = 66) having ≥1 hospital safety concerns, totaling 115 concerns (1-6 concerns each). A physician review found that 69% of concerns were medical errors, and 22% nonsafety-related quality issues. Most parents (68%) reported concerns to staff, particularly bedside nurses, but only 32% of parents recalled being told how to report safety concerns. Higher education and longer length of stay were associated with family safety concerns.
AHRQ-funded; HS025781.
Citation: Mercer AN, Mauskar S, Baird J .
Family safety reporting in hospitalized children with medical complexity.
Pediatrics 2022 Aug 1; 150(2):e2021055098. doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-055098..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Chronic Conditions, Patient Safety, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Inpatient Care
Khan A, Baird J, Kelly MM
Family safety reporting in medically complex children: parent, staff, and leader perspectives.
This qualitative study examined parent, staff, and hospital leader perspectives about family safety reporting in children with medical complexity (CMC) to inform future interventions. The study was conducted at 2 tertiary care children’s hospitals with dedicated inpatient complex care services. Hour-long semi-structured, individual interviews were conducted with English and Spanish-speaking parents of CMC, physicians, nurses, and hospital leaders. A total of 80 participants (34 parents, 19 nurses and allied health professionals, 11 physicians, and 16 hospital leaders) were interviewed. Four themes related to family safety reporting emerged: (1) unclear, nontransparent, and variable existing processes, (2) a continuum of staff and leadership buy-in, (3) a family decision-making calculus about whether to report, and (4) misaligned staff and parent priorities and expectations. The authors also identified potential strategies for engaging families and staff in family reporting.
AHRQ-funded; HS025781.
Citation: Khan A, Baird J, Kelly MM .
Family safety reporting in medically complex children: parent, staff, and leader perspectives.
Pediatrics 2022 Jun; 149(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-053913..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Chronic Conditions, Provider: Physician, Patient Safety, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Inpatient Care
Milliren CE, Bailey G, Graham DA
Relationships between pediatric safety indicators across a national sample of pediatric hospitals: dispelling the myth of the "safest" hospital.
This observational study aimed to explore the covariance of pediatric hospital quality indicators and evaluate the use of a single composite score. Pediatric hospital performance across 13 safety indicators were extracted from the Pediatric Health Information System, a comparative database of children’s hospitals in the U.S. Patients discharged from 36 hospitals from 2016 to 2019 were included. The authors investigated relationships among patient safety measures from AHRQ pediatric quality indicators and Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services hospital-acquired conditions. They identified 5 orthogonal variance components accounting for 68% of variation in pediatric hospital quality indicators. The ranking comparison and summary found greater within-hospital variation compared with between-hospital variation. They observed discordant rankings among commonly used summary measures and concluded that these measures demonstrate at least 2 underlying variance components.
AHRQ-funded; HS026246.
Citation: Milliren CE, Bailey G, Graham DA .
Relationships between pediatric safety indicators across a national sample of pediatric hospitals: dispelling the myth of the "safest" hospital.
J Patient Saf 2022 Jun 1;18(4):e741-e46. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000938..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Patient Safety, Hospitals, Quality of Care
Raman DL, Bixby EC, Wang K
A Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program to improve perioperative efficiency in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
In this study, the Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) methodology was utilized to improve perioperative efficiency in pediatric spine surgery, and pre-implementation and post-implementation efficiency were compared. Findings showed that CUSP was effective in enhancing perioperative efficiency, demonstrating strong improvement in on-time starts over 5 years. These results indicated that process improvement in operating rooms requires consistent attention to sustain gains over time. Recommendations included engaging frontline staff in quality improvement in order to foster collaboration and provide employee buy-in to promoting a culture of safety and improving value in patient care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022198.
Citation: Raman DL, Bixby EC, Wang K .
A Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program to improve perioperative efficiency in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
J Pediatr Orthop 2022 Mar;42(3):123-30. doi: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000001992..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Marshall TL, Rinke ML, Olson APJ
Diagnostic error in pediatrics: a narrative review.
This narrative review focuses on the relative paucity of large, high-quality studies of diagnostic errors and what is known at present about the incident and epidemiology as well as the established research for identifying, evaluating, and reducing diagnostic errors. The authors propose several key research questions aimed at addressing persistent gaps in the pediatric diagnostic error literature. The authors state that additional research is needed to better establish the epidemiology of diagnostic errors in pediatrics, including identifying high-risk clinical scenarios, patient populations, and groups of diagnoses.
AHRQ-funded; HS023827; HS026644.
Citation: Marshall TL, Rinke ML, Olson APJ .
Diagnostic error in pediatrics: a narrative review.
Pediatrics 2022 Mar;149(Suppl 3). doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-045948D..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Safety, Medical Errors
Penfold RB, Thompson EE, Hilt RJ
Development of a symptom-focused model to guide the prescribing of antipsychotics in children and adolescents: results of the first phase of the Safer Use of Antipsychotics in Youth (SUAY) Clinical Trial.
The purpose of this study was to develop a new approach to prescribing guidelines as part of a pragmatic trial, Safer Use of Antipsychotics in Youth (SUAY; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03448575), which supports prescribers in delivering high-quality mental health care to youths. Prescribing guidelines are often ignored because they do not incorporate the real-world availability of first-line psychosocial treatments, comorbid conditions, and clinical complexity. The investigators indicated that their approach addressed some of these concerns.
AHRQ-funded; HS026001; HS023258.
Citation: Penfold RB, Thompson EE, Hilt RJ .
Development of a symptom-focused model to guide the prescribing of antipsychotics in children and adolescents: results of the first phase of the Safer Use of Antipsychotics in Youth (SUAY) Clinical Trial.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022 Jan;61(1):93-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.04.010..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Safety, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Cifra CL, Custer JW, Singh H
Diagnostic errors in pediatric critical care: a systematic review.
This study is a systematic review on the prevalence, impact, and contributing factors related to diagnostic errors in the PICU. A database search was done for literature up through December 2019. Using specific criteria, 396 abstracts were screened, and 17 studies were included. Fifteen of 17 studies had an observational research design. Autopsy studies showed a 10-23% rate of missed major diagnosis with 5-16% of the errors having a potential adverse impact on survival and would have changed care management. Retrospective record review studies reported varying rates of diagnostic error from 8% in a general PICU population to 12% among unexpected critical admissions. About a quarter of those patients were discussed at PICU morbidity and mortality conferences. Most misdiagnosed conditions were cardiovascular, infectious, congenital, or neurologic. System, cognitive, and both system and cognitive factors were associated with diagnostic error but there is limited information on the impact of misdiagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS026965.
Citation: Cifra CL, Custer JW, Singh H .
Diagnostic errors in pediatric critical care: a systematic review.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2021 Aug;22(8):701-12. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002735..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care
Rasooly IR, Kern-Goldberger AS, Xiao Rasooly IR, Kern-Goldberger AS, Xiao R
Physiologic monitor alarm burden and nurses' subjective workload in a children's hospital.
Physiologic monitor alarms occur at high rates in children's hospitals; ≤1% are actionable. The burden of alarms has implications for patient safety and is challenging to measure directly. Nurse workload, measured by using a version of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) validated among nurses, is a useful indicator of work burden that has been associated with patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to measure the relationship between alarm count and nurse workload by using the NASA-TLX.
AHRQ-funded; R18 HS026620.
Citation: Rasooly IR, Kern-Goldberger AS, Xiao Rasooly IR, Kern-Goldberger AS, Xiao R .
Physiologic monitor alarm burden and nurses' subjective workload in a children's hospital.
Hosp Pediatr 2021 Jul;11(7):703-10. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-003509..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Nursing, Inpatient Care, Patient Safety
Mackie TI, Kovacs KM, Simmel C
A best-worst scaling experiment to identify patient-centered claims-based outcomes for evaluation of pediatric antipsychotic monitoring programs.
This study utilized a best-worst scaling (BWS) experiment to identify the claims-based outcomes that matter most to patients and other relevant parties when evaluating pediatric antipsychotic monitoring programs, specifically in foster care children. Relevant parties included policymakers (n = 31), foster care alumni (n = 28), caseworkers (n=23), prescribing clinicians (n = 32), and caregivers (n = 18). Participants received surveys with a scenario on antipsychotic monitoring programs and ranked 11 candidate claims-based outcomes as most and least important. Safety indicators ranked among the top three candidate outcomes across respondent groups. Foster care alumni put “antipsychotic treatment reduction” and “increased psychosocial treatment” as the highest ranking. Caseworkers, prescribers, and caregivers gave top priority to “increased follow-up after treatment initiation”. Potential unintended consequences ranked lowest, including increased use of other psychotropic medication classes, increased psychiatric hospital stays, and increased emergency room utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS026001.
Citation: Mackie TI, Kovacs KM, Simmel C .
A best-worst scaling experiment to identify patient-centered claims-based outcomes for evaluation of pediatric antipsychotic monitoring programs.
Health Serv Res 2021 Jun;56(3):418-31. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13610..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Policy
Worsham CM, Woo J, Jena AB
Adverse events and emergency department opioid prescriptions in adolescents.
Understanding the risks associated with opioid prescription in adolescents is critical for informing opioid policy, but the risks are challenging to quantify given the lack of randomized trial data. Using a regression discontinuity design, the investigators exploited a discontinuous increase in opioid prescribing in the emergency department (ED) when adolescents transitioned from "child" to "adult" at age eighteen to estimate the effect of an ED opioid prescription on subsequent opioid-related adverse events.
AHRQ-funded; HS026753.
Citation: Worsham CM, Woo J, Jena AB .
Adverse events and emergency department opioid prescriptions in adolescents.
Health Aff 2021 Jun;40(6):970-78. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01762..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Opioids, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Practice Patterns
Masonbrink AR, Harris M, Hall M
Safety events in children's hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted hospitals, potentially affecting quality and safety. The objective of this study was to compare pediatric hospitalization safety events during the pandemic versus previous years. The investigators concluded that postoperative sepsis rates increased among children hospitalized during COVID-19. They suggest that efforts are needed to improve safety of postoperative care for hospitalized children.
AHRQ-funded; HS024554; HS024592.
Citation: Masonbrink AR, Harris M, Hall M .
Safety events in children's hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hosp Pediatr 2021 Jun;11(6):e95-e100. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-004937..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, COVID-19, Patient Safety, Sepsis, Adverse Events, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Infectious Diseases, Public Health
Colman N, Newman JW, Nishisaki A
Translational simulation improves compliance with the NEAR4KIDS Airway Safety Bundle in a single-center PICU.
This single-center retrospective review discusses a translational simulation conducted to improve compliance with the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS) Airway Safety Quality Improvement (QI) bundle to improve the safety of tracheal intubations. The simulation was implemented between March and December 2018. Bundle adherence was assessed 12 months before simulation and 9 months after. Primary outcomes measures were compliance with the bundle and utilization of apneic oxygenation and secondary outcomes was the occurrence of adverse tracheal intubation-associated events. Preintervention bundle compliance was 66%, which increased to 93.7% after the simulation intervention. Adherence to apneic oxygenation was 27.9% before the intervention and increased to 77.9% after. There was no difference in the occurrence of tracheal intubation events.
AHRQ-funded; HS024511.
Citation: Colman N, Newman JW, Nishisaki A .
Translational simulation improves compliance with the NEAR4KIDS Airway Safety Bundle in a single-center PICU.
Pediatr Qual Saf 2021 May-Jun;6(3):e409. doi: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000409..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care, Registries, Simulation, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Woods-Hill CZ, Papili K, Nelson E
Harnessing implementation science to optimize harm prevention in critically ill children: a pilot study of bedside nurse CLABSI bundle performance in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and cost in hospitalized children. An evidence-based bundle of care can decrease CLABSI, but bundle compliance is imperfect. In this study, the investigators explored factors impacting bundle performance in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) by bedside nurses. The investigators concluded that PICU nurses were knowledgeable and motivated to prevent CLABSI, but faced challenges from competing clinical tasks, limited resources, and complex family interactions. Physician engagement was specifically noted to impact nurse motivation to complete the bundle.
AHRQ-funded; HS025642.
Citation: Woods-Hill CZ, Papili K, Nelson E .
Harnessing implementation science to optimize harm prevention in critically ill children: a pilot study of bedside nurse CLABSI bundle performance in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Am J Infect Control 2021 Mar;49(3):345-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.019..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Patient Safety, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Nursing, Patient Safety
Horton DB, Xie F, Chen L
Oral glucocorticoids and incident treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and venous thromboembolism in children.
The purpose of this study was to quantify rates of incident treatment for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with oral glucocorticoid exposure in children aged 1-18 years. Participants were identified using US Medicaid claims data and included more than 930,000 children diagnosed with autoimmune diseases or a nonimmune comparator condition. Findings showed strong dose-dependent relationships between current glucocorticoid exposure and all outcomes, suggesting strong relative risks, but low absolute risks, of newly-treated VTE, diabetes, and especially hypertension in children taking high-dose oral glucocorticoids.
AHRQ-funded; HS021110.
Citation: Horton DB, Xie F, Chen L .
Oral glucocorticoids and incident treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and venous thromboembolism in children.
Am J Epidemiol 2021 Feb 1;190(3):403-12. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwaa197..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Blood Clots, Medication: Safety, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Patient Safety, Blood Pressure
Nishisaki A, Lee A, Li S
Sustained improvement in tracheal intubation safety across a 15-center quality-improvement collaborative: an interventional study from the national emergency airway registry for children investigators.
The authors sought to evaluate the effect of a tracheal intubation safety bundle on adverse tracheal intubation-associated events across 15 PICUs. The safety bundle included a quarterly site benchmark performance reports and an airway safety checklist consisting of preprocedure risk factor, approach, and role planning, preprocedure bedside "time-out," and immediate postprocedure debriefing. The authors found that effective implementation of a quality-improvement bundle was associated with a decrease in the adverse tracheal intubation-associated event that was sustained for 24 months.
AHRQ-funded; HS021583; HS022464; HS024511.
Citation: Nishisaki A, Lee A, Li S .
Sustained improvement in tracheal intubation safety across a 15-center quality-improvement collaborative: an interventional study from the national emergency airway registry for children investigators.
Crit Care Med 2021 Feb;49(2):250-60. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004725..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Marshall TL, Ipsaro AJ, Le M
Increasing physician reporting of diagnostic learning opportunities.
This study investigated methods to improve physician reporting of diagnostic errors at the pediatric division of a hospital. In that pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) division only 1 diagnostic-related safety event was reported in the preceding 4 years. The authors aimed to improve attending physician reporting of suspected diagnostic errors from 0 to 2 per 100 PHM patient admissions within 6 months. The improvement team used the Model for Improvement and used the term diagnostic learning opportunity (DLO) with clinicians as opposed to diagnostic error to lessen the stigma. They developed an electronic reporting form and encouraged its use through reminders, scheduled reflection time, and monthly progress reports. Over the course of 13 weeks, there was an increase from 0 to 1.6 per patient admission reports files. Most events (66%) were true diagnostic errors.
AHRQ-funded; HS023827.
Citation: Marshall TL, Ipsaro AJ, Le M .
Increasing physician reporting of diagnostic learning opportunities.
Pediatrics 2021 Jan;147(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-2400..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Medical Errors, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Hospitals, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Fritz SA, Hogan PG, Singh LN
Contamination of environmental surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus in households with children infected with methicillin-resistant S aureus.
This study of the households of 50 children with active or recent culture-positive community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection found MRSA-contaminated surfaces in 23 of the 50 households, most frequently form the bed linens (18 percent), television remote control (16 percent), and bathroom hand towel (15 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS021736
Citation: Fritz SA, Hogan PG, Singh LN .
Contamination of environmental surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus in households with children infected with methicillin-resistant S aureus.
JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Nov;168(11):1030-8. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.1218..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Children/Adolescents, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Sexton JB, Sharek PJ, Thomas EJ
Exposure to Leadership WalkRounds in neonatal intensive care units is associated with a better patient safety culture and less caregiver burnout.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between WalkRound (WR) feedback, patient safety culture, and caregiver burnout. It found that more WR feedback was associated with better safety culture results and lower burnout rates in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
AHRQ-funded; HS014246.
Citation: Sexton JB, Sharek PJ, Thomas EJ .
Exposure to Leadership WalkRounds in neonatal intensive care units is associated with a better patient safety culture and less caregiver burnout.
BMJ Qual Saf. 2014 Oct;23(10):814-22. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002042..
Keywords: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Patient Safety, Caregiving, Children/Adolescents
Nguyen C, Hernandez-Boussard T, Davies SM
Cleft palate surgery: an evaluation of length of stay, complications, and costs by hospital type.
The purpose of this study was to assess length of stay (LOS), complication rates, costs, and charges of cleft palate repair by various hospital types. Results showed that pediatric hospitals had higher comorbidities yet shorter LOS. Pediatric resources significantly decreased the relative rate of LOS greater than 2 days, and median costs and charges increased by 41% with LOS greater than 2 days.
AHRQ-funded; HS018558.
Citation: Nguyen C, Hernandez-Boussard T, Davies SM .
Cleft palate surgery: an evaluation of length of stay, complications, and costs by hospital type.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2014 Jul;51(4):412-9. doi: 10.1597/12-150.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Patient Safety, Children/Adolescents, Surgery
Cottrell EK, O'Brien K, Curry M
Understanding safety in prehospital emergency medical services for children.
This paper adds to the qualitative understanding of the nature of and contributors to safety events in the prehospital emergency care of children. The findings of this study suggest that factors at the systems, team, child/family, and individual provider level system contribute to errors in prehospital emergency care. These factors may be modifiable through interventions and systems improvements.
AHRQ-funded; HS019456.
Citation: Cottrell EK, O'Brien K, Curry M .
Understanding safety in prehospital emergency medical services for children.
Prehosp Emerg Care 2014 Jul-Sep;18(3):350-8. doi: 10.3109/10903127.2013.869640.
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Keywords: Care Management, Children/Adolescents, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Quality of Care, Patient Safety
Hwang TJ, Kesselheim AS, Bourgeois FT
Postmarketing trials and pediatric device approvals.
The authors sought to describe the current state of trial evidence underpinning the approval of pediatric devices. They found that most high-risk pediatric devices are approved on the basis of trials in patients 18 years of age or older, with few pediatric patients exposed to the devices before market availability. Also, few postmarketing studies require additional study in pediatric patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018465.
Citation: Hwang TJ, Kesselheim AS, Bourgeois FT .
Postmarketing trials and pediatric device approvals.
Pediatrics 2014 May;133(5):e1197-202. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-3348.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medical Devices, Patient Safety, Children/Adolescents