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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedAl Sahlawi M, Zhao J, McCullough K
Variation in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis outcomes in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).
This observational prospective cohort study describes the likelihood of a cure after a peritonitis episode from peritoneal dialysis (PD), exploring its association with various patient, peritonitis, and treatment characteristics. The cohort included 1,631 peritonitis episodes (1,190 patients, 126 facilities) in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Japan, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Outcomes looked at included cure, defined as absence of death, transfer to hemodialysis (HD), PD catheter removal, relapse, or recurrent peritonitis within 50 days of a peritonitis episode. Odds of cure were lower for Gram-negative, polymicrobial, and fungal peritonitis compared with Gram-positive peritonitis. Odds of cure were also higher with automated PD versus continuous ambulatory PD, facility icodextrin use, empirical aminoglycoside user, and ciprofloxacin use versus ceftazidime use for Gram-negative peritonitis. Prior peritonitis episodes were also associated with lower odds of a cure.
AHRQ-funded; HS025756.
Citation: Al Sahlawi M, Zhao J, McCullough K .
Variation in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis outcomes in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS).
Am J Kidney Dis 2022 Jan;79(1):45-55.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.03.022..
Keywords: Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health
Boehmer KR, Pine KH, Whitman S
Do patients with high versus low treatment and illness burden have different needs? A mixed-methods study of patients living on dialysis.
The authors sought to understand the differences that exist between patients with end-stage kidney disease reporting high versus low treatment and illness burden. They found that patients on dialysis reporting the greatest illness and treatment burden have difficulties that their low-burden counterparts do not report, which may be amenable to intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Boehmer KR, Pine KH, Whitman S .
Do patients with high versus low treatment and illness burden have different needs? A mixed-methods study of patients living on dialysis.
PLoS One 2021 Dec 28;16(12):e0260914. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260914..
Keywords: Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health, Chronic Conditions
Thorsness R, Wang V, Patzer RE
Association of social risk factors with home dialysis and kidney transplant rates in dialysis facilities.
This study examines rates of home dialysis and transplant at dialysis facilities that serve patients with high social risk to understand how they fare under the End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices Model.
AHRQ-funded; HS028285.
Citation: Thorsness R, Wang V, Patzer RE .
Association of social risk factors with home dialysis and kidney transplant rates in dialysis facilities.
JAMA 2021 Dec 14;326(22):2323-25. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.18372..
Keywords: Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health, Transplantation, Risk
Nair D, Malhotra S, Lupu D
Challenges in communication, prognostication and dialysis decision-making in the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for interdisciplinary care during crisis settings.
This paper uses case vignettes to highlight challenges in communication, prognostication, and medical decision-making that have been exacerbated by the COVD-19 pandemic for patients with kidney disease. The authors include best practice recommendations to mitigate those issues and conclude with implications for interdisciplinary models of care in crisis settings. Concerns about certain biomarkers, demographics, and medical comorbidities that can predict an increased risk for mortality among patients with COVID-19 and kidney disease are discussed, because there may be communication barriers related to physical exposure and conservation of personal protective equipment with those at-risk patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Nair D, Malhotra S, Lupu D .
Challenges in communication, prognostication and dialysis decision-making in the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for interdisciplinary care during crisis settings.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2021 Mar 1;30(2):190-97. doi: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000689..
Keywords: COVID-19, Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health, Shared Decision Making, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Chronic Conditions
Davies SJ, Zhao Morgenstern, H Davies SJ, Zhao J, Morgenstern H
Low serum potassium levels and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis-international results from PDOPPS.
Characteristics/treatments associated with hypokalemia included protein-energy wasting indicators, lower urine volume, lower blood pressure, higher dialysis dose, greater diuretic use and not being prescribed a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor. Persistent hypokalemia was associated with 80% higher subsequent peritonitis rates and 40% higher mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS025756.
Citation: Davies SJ, Zhao Morgenstern, H Davies SJ, Zhao J, Morgenstern H .
Low serum potassium levels and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis-international results from PDOPPS.
Kidney Int Rep 2021 Feb;6(2):313-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.11.021..
Keywords: Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health, Mortality, Outcomes
Thorsteinsdottir B, Hickson LJ, Giblon R
Validation of prognostic indices for short term mortality in an incident dialysis population of older adults >75.
Prognosis provides critical knowledge for shared decision making between patients and clinicians. While several prognostic indices for mortality in dialysis patients have been developed, their performance among elderly patients initiating dialysis is unknown, despite great need for reliable prognostication in that context. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of 6 previously validated prognostic indices to predict 3 and/or 6 months mortality in a cohort of elderly incident dialysis patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS025517; HS025164; HS025402.
Citation: Thorsteinsdottir B, Hickson LJ, Giblon R .
Validation of prognostic indices for short term mortality in an incident dialysis population of older adults >75.
PLoS One 2021 Jan 20;16(1):e0244081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244081..
Keywords: Elderly, Dialysis, Kidney Disease and Health, Mortality, Shared Decision Making