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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- (-) Cancer (17)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- (-) Cancer: Lung Cancer (17)
- Case Study (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (3)
- Disabilities (1)
- Elderly (2)
- Evidence-Based Practice (5)
- Guidelines (3)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
- Health Status (1)
- Imaging (5)
- Implementation (1)
- Medicare (1)
- Medication (2)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Opioids (1)
- Organizational Change (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Policy (1)
- Prevention (3)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (2)
- Risk (1)
- Screening (7)
- Surgery (2)
- Treatments (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (5)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 17 of 17 Research Studies DisplayedGerber DE, Hamann HA, Dorsey O
Clinician variation in ordering and completion of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening in a safety-net medical system.
Less than 5% of eligible individuals in the United States undergo lung cancer screening. Variation in clinicians' participation in lung cancer screening has not been determined. In this study the investigators examined medical providers who ordered ≥ 1 low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening from February 2017 through February 2019 in an integrated safety-net healthcare system. The investigators concluded that in an integrated safety-net healthcare system, most adult primary care providers ordered LDCT.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Gerber DE, Hamann HA, Dorsey O .
Clinician variation in ordering and completion of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening in a safety-net medical system.
Clin Lung Cancer 2021 Jul;22(4):e612-e20. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.12.001..
Keywords: Imaging, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer
Shipe ME, Haddad DN, Deppen SA
Modeling the impact of delaying the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer during COVID-19
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led surgical societies to recommend delaying diagnosis and treatment of suspected lung cancer for lesions less than 2 cm. The COVID-19 infection rate at which immediate operative risk exceeds benefit is unknown. Delaying diagnosis can lead to disease progression, but the impact of this delay on mortality is unknown. In this study, the investigators sought to model immediate versus delayed surgical resection in a suspicious lung nodule less than 2 cm.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Shipe ME, Haddad DN, Deppen SA .
Modeling the impact of delaying the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer during COVID-19
Ann Thorac Surg 2021 Jul;112(1):248-54. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.08.025..
Keywords: COVID-19, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Case Study, Risk
Tracer H, Pierre J
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Screening for lung cancer.
This paper is part of the “Putting Prevention into Practice” series. It provides an evidence-based case study related to lung cancer screening. Questions and answers related to the case are included.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, Pierre J .
Screening for lung cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2021 Jul 1;104(1):79-80..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Medbery RL, Fernandez FG, Kosinski AS
Costs associated with lobectomy for lung cancer: an analysis merging STS and Medicare data.
Researchers sought to identify underlying case mix factors that contribute to variability of 90-day costs of lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer. Using the Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database, they found that lobectomy is associated with substantial variability of episode-of-care costs. Variability is driven by patient demographic and clinical factors, hospital characteristics, and the occurrence and severity of complications.
AHRQ-funded; R01 HS022279.
Citation: Medbery RL, Fernandez FG, Kosinski AS .
Costs associated with lobectomy for lung cancer: an analysis merging STS and Medicare data.
Ann Thorac Surg 2021 Jun;111(6):1781-90. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.08.073..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Healthcare Costs, Surgery, Elderly, Medicare
Cowper PA, Feng L, Kosinski AS
Initial and longitudinal cost of surgical resection for lung cancer.
This study looked at the 4-year longitudinal cost of surgical resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study describes initial and 4-year resource use and cost for NSCLC patients aged 65 years of age or older who were treated surgically from 2008 to 2013. Clinical data for NSCLC resections from The Society of Thoracic Surgery Database linked to Medicare claims, resource use and cost of preoperative staging, surgery, and subsequent care through 4 years were examined. Outcomes were stratified by pathologic stage and surgical approach for stage I lobectomy patients. In the first 90 days costs ranged from $12,430 for stage I to $26,350 for stage IV. Cumulative costs ranged from $131,032 for stage I to $205,368 for stage IV. For the stage I lobectomy cohort, patients who had minimally invasive procedures had lower 4-year costs than thoracotomy patients ($120,346 versus $136,250).
AHRQ-funded; R01 HS022279.
Citation: Cowper PA, Feng L, Kosinski AS .
Initial and longitudinal cost of surgical resection for lung cancer.
Ann Thorac Surg 2021 Jun;111(6):1827-33. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.07.048..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Surgery, Healthcare Costs
Spalluto LB, Lewis JA, Stolldorf D
Organizational readiness for lung cancer screening: a cross-sectional evaluation at a Veterans Affairs medical center.
Lung cancer has the highest cancer-related mortality in the United States and among Veterans. Screening of high-risk individuals with low-dose CT (LDCT) can improve survival through detection of early-stage lung cancer. Organizational factors that aid or impede implementation of this evidence-based practice in diverse populations are not well described. In this study, the investigators evaluated organizational readiness for change and change valence (belief that change is beneficial and valuable) for implementation of LDCT screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Spalluto LB, Lewis JA, Stolldorf D .
Organizational readiness for lung cancer screening: a cross-sectional evaluation at a Veterans Affairs medical center.
J Am Coll Radiol 2021 Jun;18(6):809-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.12.010..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Implementation, Organizational Change
Hochheimer CJ, Sabo RT, Tong ST
Practice, clinician, and patient factors associated with the adoption of lung cancer screening.
This study sought to assess lung cancer screening uptake in three health systems. Findings showed that certain patients appeared more likely to be screened. Of the three systems studied, the only one with increased lung cancer screening explicitly promoted screening rather than relying on clinicians to implement the new 2013 USPSTF guideline.
AHRQ-funded; HS025032.
Citation: Hochheimer CJ, Sabo RT, Tong ST .
Practice, clinician, and patient factors associated with the adoption of lung cancer screening.
J Med Screen 2021 Jun;28(2):158-62. doi: 10.1177/0969141320937326..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Guidelines
Panagiotou OA, Keeney T, Ogarek JA
Prevalence of functional limitations and their associations with systemic cancer therapy among older adults in nursing homes with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of self-care task disabilities with the use of systemic cancer therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in nursing home patients. The investigators concluded that systemic cancer therapy was not commonly used in this population and was strongly predicted by disability in self-care tasks.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: Panagiotou OA, Keeney T, Ogarek JA .
Prevalence of functional limitations and their associations with systemic cancer therapy among older adults in nursing homes with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
J Geriatr Oncol 2021 Jun;12(5):765-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.02.007..
Keywords: Elderly, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Nursing Homes
Meza R, Jeon J, Toumazis I
Evaluation of the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography: modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to inform the USPSTF guidelines by estimating the benefits and harms associated with various low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening strategies. Microsimulation modeling studies suggested that LDCT screening for lung cancer compared with no screening may increase lung cancer deaths averted and life-years gained when optimally targeted and implemented. Screening individuals at aged 50 or 55 years through aged 80 years with 20 pack-years or more of smoking exposure was estimated to result in more benefits than the 2013 USPSTF-recommended criteria and less disparity in screening eligibility by sex and race/ethnicity.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Meza R, Jeon J, Toumazis I .
Evaluation of the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography: modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2021 Mar 9;325(10):988-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.1077..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Imaging, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Jonas DE, Reuland DS, Reddy SM
Screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to review the evidence on screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to inform the USPSTF. Findings showed that screening high-risk persons with LDCT can reduce lung cancer mortality but can also cause false-positive results leading to unnecessary tests and invasive procedures, overdiagnosis, incidental findings, increases in distress, and, rarely, radiation-induced cancers.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Jonas DE, Reuland DS, Reddy SM .
Screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2021 Mar 9;325(10):971-87. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0377..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Imaging, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Feliciano JL, Waldfogel JM, Sharma R
Pharmacologic interventions for breathlessness in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the use of pharmacological interventions for breathlessness in patients with advanced cancer. Studies were identified from database inception to May 2020 using predefined eligibility criteria. Pharmacologic intervention benefits and harms were compared, focusing on breathlessness, anxiety, exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Out of 7729 unique citations, 19 studies with a total of 1424 patients were included. Opioids were not associated with more effectiveness than placebo for improving breathlessness or exercise capacity. Anxiolytics were also not associated with more effectiveness than placebo for breathlessness or anxiety. There was limited evidence for other pharmacologic interventions. There was some harm, but it was minimal in those short-term studies.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Feliciano JL, Waldfogel JM, Sharma R .
Pharmacologic interventions for breathlessness in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Feb;4(2):e2037632. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37632..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Treatments, Opioids, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Quality of Life, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Rashdan S, Yang H, Le T
Prevalence and significance of potential pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions among patients with lung cancer: implications for clinical trials.
The overall prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) among patients with lung cancer is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of potential DDIs and major DDIs among individuals newly diagnosed with lung cancer in a national cohort. The investigators concluded that medications with potential DDIs were prescribed to the majority of patients with lung cancer; however, only about 5% of patients were prescribed medications with major DDIs that might be prohibited in certain clinical trials.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Rashdan S, Yang H, Le T .
Prevalence and significance of potential pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions among patients with lung cancer: implications for clinical trials.
Clin Drug Investig 2021 Feb;41(2):161-67. doi: 10.1007/s40261-020-00994-4.
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Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication
Reese TJ, Schlechter CR, Potter LN
Evaluation of revised US Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening guideline among women and racial/ethnic minority populations.
The purpose of this study was to determine the changes associated with the revised USPSTF guideline for lung cancer screening eligibility among female, Black, and Hispanic populations using a large nationwide survey. The investigators concluded that the revised USPSTF guideline may likely increase lung cancer screening rates for female, Black, and Hispanic populations. However, despite these potential improvements, lung cancer screening inequities may persist without tailored eligibility criteria.
AHRQ-funded; HS026198.
Citation: Reese TJ, Schlechter CR, Potter LN .
Evaluation of revised US Preventive Services Task Force lung cancer screening guideline among women and racial/ethnic minority populations.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Jan;4(1):e2033769. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33769..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Women, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Smieliauskas F, MacMahon H, Salgia R
Geographic variation in radiologist capacity and widespread implementation of lung cancer CT screening.
The researchers estimated the prevalence of capacity constraints in the radiologist workforce and resulting potential disparities in access to lung cancer screening. They found that scaling up lung cancer screening would increase imaging procedures by an average of 4% across Health Service Areas (HSAs). HSAs that were rural, with many eligible smokers, and disproportionately Hispanic or low-income smokers had significantly higher odds of facing capacity constraints.
AHRQ-funded; HS018535.
Citation: Smieliauskas F, MacMahon H, Salgia R .
Geographic variation in radiologist capacity and widespread implementation of lung cancer CT screening.
J Med Screen 2014 Dec;21(4):207-15. doi: 10.1177/0969141314548055..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Screening, Imaging
Gerber DE, Laccetti AL, Xuan L
Impact of prior cancer on eligibility for lung cancer clinical trials.
A prior cancer diagnosis often excludes patients from cancer clinical trials. Lung cancer patients were used to determine estimated impact on trial accrual. This study found that patients previously diagnosed with cancer were excluded in more than two-thirds of lung cancer trials. More research is needed to understand the basis of this policy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418
Citation: Gerber DE, Laccetti AL, Xuan L .
Impact of prior cancer on eligibility for lung cancer clinical trials.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Nov;106(11). doi: 10.1093/jnci/dju302..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Policy, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Deppen SA, Blume JD, Kensinger CD
Accuracy of FDG-PET to diagnose lung cancer in areas with infectious lung disease: a meta-analysis.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) combined with fludeoxyglucose F18 (FDG) for pulmonary modules suspicious for lung cancer in regions where infectious lung disease is endemic and compare the accuracy in regions where such disease is rare. It found that the accuracy of FDG-PET was extremely heterogeneous.
AHRQ-funded; HS021554.
Citation: Deppen SA, Blume JD, Kensinger CD .
Accuracy of FDG-PET to diagnose lung cancer in areas with infectious lung disease: a meta-analysis.
JAMA 2014 Sep 24;312(12):1227-36. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.11488..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Respiratory Conditions, Imaging
Davidoff AJ, Gardner LD, Zuckerman IH
AHRQ Author: Davidoff AJ
Validation of disability status, a claims-based measure of functional status for cancer treatment and outcomes studies.
The researchers implemented and validated a disability status (DS) measure in 4 cohorts of cancer patients. They found that the DS measure is a significant independent predictor of cancer-directed treatment, but unobserved factors continue to play a role in determining treatments.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Davidoff AJ, Gardner LD, Zuckerman IH .
Validation of disability status, a claims-based measure of functional status for cancer treatment and outcomes studies.
Med Care 2014 Jun;52(6):500-10. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000122.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Disabilities, Health Status, Cancer: Lung Cancer