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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 29 Research Studies DisplayedCoburn SB, Lang R, Zhang J
Statins utilization in adults with HIV: the treatment gap and predictors of statin initiation.
The purpose of this study was to describe trends in statin eligibility and subsequent statin initiation among people with HIV (PWH) from and identify the predictors of statin initiation. The researchers collected data from 12 United States cohorts between 2001 and 2017. The study found that among 16,409 PWH, 45% met statin eligibility criteria per guidelines for the time period from 2001 to 2017. Statin eligibility ranged from 22% to 25% from 2001 to 2013, and initiation increased from 13% to 45%. In 2014, 51% were statin-eligible, among whom 25% initiated statins, which increased to 32% by 2017. The researchers concluded that there is a substantial statin treatment gap, expanded by the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Coburn SB, Lang R, Zhang J .
Statins utilization in adults with HIV: the treatment gap and predictors of statin initiation.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022 Dec 15;91(5):469-78. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003083..
Keywords: Medication, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Access to Care, Practice Patterns, Cardiovascular Conditions
Rich KM, Zubiago J, Murphy M
The association of gender with receptive and distributive needle sharing among individuals who inject drugs.
The authors sought to assess the relationship between gender and needle sharing with injection drug use. Using data from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) datasets, they found that women were more likely in comparison with men to share needles both through receptive and distributive means. They concluded that expansion of interventions, including syringe service programs, to increase access to sterile injection equipment, is of great importance.
AHRQ-funded; HS026008.
Citation: Rich KM, Zubiago J, Murphy M .
The association of gender with receptive and distributive needle sharing among individuals who inject drugs.
Harm Reduct J 2022 Sep 30;19(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12954-022-00689-3..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Sex Factors
Edwards JK, Cole SR, Breger TL
Five-year mortality for adults entering human immunodeficiency virus care under universal early treatment compared with the general US population.
This study examined 5-year mortality for adults entering human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care under universal early treatment compared with the general US population. A total of 82,766 adults entering HIV treatment at North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration clinical sites in the United States were used to compute mortality over 5 years. The authors used NCHS data to construct a cohort representing a subset of the US population matched to study participants on key characteristics. For the study period of 1999 to 2017, the 5-year mortality among adults with HIV was 7.9% higher than expected based on the US general population. Under universal early treatment, the elevation in mortality for people with HIV would have been 7.2%. During the most recent calendar period examined (2011-2017) the elevation in mortality for people with HIV was 2.6% under observed treatment patterns and 2.1% under universal early treatment.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Edwards JK, Cole SR, Breger TL .
Five-year mortality for adults entering human immunodeficiency virus care under universal early treatment compared with the general US population.
Clin Infect Dis 2022 Sep 14;75(5):867-74. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1030..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Mortality, Outcomes
McGinnis KA, Justice AC, Moore RD
Discrimination and calibration of the veterans aging cohort study index 2.0 for predicting mortality among people with human immunodeficiency virus in North America.
Using data from the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration (NA-ACCORD), the authors translated Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index 2.0 scores into validated probability estimates of mortality among people with HIV (PWH). They found that predicted and observed mortality largely overlapped in VACS and the NA-ACCORD subset, overall and within subgroups. Based on this validation, they concluded that VACS Index 2.0 can reliably estimate probability of all-cause mortality, at various follow-up times, among PWH in North America.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: McGinnis KA, Justice AC, Moore RD .
Discrimination and calibration of the veterans aging cohort study index 2.0 for predicting mortality among people with human immunodeficiency virus in North America.
Clin Infect Dis 2022 Aug 25;75(2):297-304. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab883..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Chronic Conditions
Korthuis PT, Cook RR, Lum PJ
HIV clinic-based extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for people with HIV and opioid use disorder: a non-blinded, randomized non-inferiority trial.
Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) treatment medications can improve outcomes for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and also reduce opioid use. The purpose of the study was to determine if outpatient naltrexone treatment could also reduce opioid use and improve outcomes for HIV. The researchers reported that enrollment was stopped early because of slower than expected recruitment, resulting in 114 final participants with untreated OUD and HIV, with 62% positive for fentanyl, 60% positive for cocaine, and 47% positive for other opioids at the baseline. The intervention compared treatment as usual (TAU) of methadone or buprenorphine with extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) on group differences in viral suppression at 24 weeks and past 30-day use of opioids at 24 weeks. The study reported that at 24 weeks the outcome of viral suppression was similar for TAU and XR-NTX, and that fewer XR-NTX participants initiated medication than TAU participants. The outcome of previous 30-day use of opioids was similar for TAU as compared to XR-NTX. Of those participants who did initiate medication, those administered XR-NTX experienced less days of opioid use when compared with TAU in the prior 30 days. The researchers reported that the study evidence was not conclusive but did support that XR-NTX is not inferior to TAU for HIV viral suppression, and that study participants who started XR-NTX used less opioids at 24 weeks than participants who were administered TAU.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Korthuis PT, Cook RR, Lum PJ .
HIV clinic-based extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for people with HIV and opioid use disorder: a non-blinded, randomized non-inferiority trial.
Addiction 2022 Jul;117(7):1961-71. doi: 10.1111/add.15836..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Opioids, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Medication, Treatments, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Cedillo G, George MC, Deshpande R
Toward safer opioid prescribing in HIV care (TOWER): a mixed-methods, cluster-randomized trial.
Healthcare and behavioral health providers are lacking a methodology to implement the 2016 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Opioid Prescribing Guideline (CDC Guideline), measure prescriber adherence to it, and systematically test its effect on patient and public health outcomes. The Guideline is currently being reviewed and revised due to concern that it may be harmful to people with chronic pain on long-term opioid therapy (CP-LTOT). The purpose of the study was to develop and test a CDC Guideline implementation strategy termed “TOWER,” focused on an outpatient HIV primary care setting with patients with CP-LTOT. The TOWER strategy included: 1) a patient-facing app for opioid management (OM-App); 2) a template for progress notes (OM-Note) intended to guide the patient’s office visit; and 3) a primary care provider (PCP) training. TOWER was developed in a multi-step, stakeholder-engaged process within a behavioral change framework. The researchers evaluated the TOWER strategy in a randomized-controlled trial of HIV-PCPs (N=11) and their patients with HIV and CP-LTOT (N=40). The main outcome was CDC Guideline adherence based on electronic health record (EHR) documentation and measured by the Safer Opioid Prescribing Tool (SOPTET). Qualitative data was also collected, including one-on-one PCP interviews. The study found that the PCPs randomized to utilize the TOWER strategy were 48% more CDC Guideline adherent. Qualitative data reflected high levels of intervention provider confidence in administering the TOWER processes, and that the OM-Note supported provider efforts, but experience with the patient-facing OM-App was mixed. The study concluded that adherence to the 2016 CDC Guidelines is not associated with worsening of outcomes for people with HIV with CP-LTOT, and adherence to the CDC Guidelines can be promoted and measured. The researchers recommend additional research into the scalability of these results and the impact of CDC Guideline adherence on public health.
AHRQ-funded; HS025641.
Citation: Cedillo G, George MC, Deshpande R .
Toward safer opioid prescribing in HIV care (TOWER): a mixed-methods, cluster-randomized trial.
Addict Sci Clin Pract 2022 May 16;17(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s13722-022-00311-8..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Kim HN, Nance RM, Lo Re V
Development and validation of a model for prediction of end-stage liver disease in people with HIV.
The authors developed and validated a risk-prediction model for end-stage liver disease (ESLD) among people with HIV (PWH). They developed and validated a risk prediction model for ESLD among PWH who received care in 12 cohorts of the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design and found that their model of readily accessible clinical parameters predicted ESLD in a large diverse population of PWH.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Kim HN, Nance RM, Lo Re V .
Development and validation of a model for prediction of end-stage liver disease in people with HIV.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022 Apr;89(4):396-404. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002886..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Koh MJ, Merrill MH, Koh MJ
Comparative outcomes for mature T and NK/T-cell lymphomas in people with and without HIV and to AIDS-defining lymphomas.
Citation: Koh MJ, Merrill MH, Koh MJ .
Comparative outcomes for mature T and NK/T-cell lymphomas in people with and without HIV and to AIDS-defining lymphomas.
Blood Adv 2022 Mar 8;6(5):1420-31. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006208.
AHRQ-funded; 90051652..
AHRQ-funded; 90051652..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Van Gerwen OT, Talluri R, Camino AF
Human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infection testing preferences for young Black men who have sex with men in the Southeastern United States: implications for a post-COVID-19 era.
Study researchers used a discrete choice experiment to assess the preferences of Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (YBMSM) in the Southeastern U.S. regarding their preferences for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing locations, staffing, cost, and hours of operation. Between June 2018 and December 2019, 213 YBMSM between the ages of 16-35 years, located in Birmingham, Alabama and Jackson, Mississippi completed online surveys evaluating their preferences. Traditional, stationary testing locations were preferred by both groups over mobile testing vans. The most significant difference in preference was for local health departments in Alabama, and STI testing-only clinics in Mississippi. Both groups preferred clinician-performed testing over technician-performed testing or self-testing, with additional preferences for free testing and phone results notification (versus text). The most preferred combination among all participants was the $5 clinician-performed testing at the health department. The study concluded that YBMSM in the Southeastern United States prefer traditional testing locations staffed by experienced personnel. The study researchers advise that more research is needed to inform the best ways to approach HIV/STI testing services for YBMSM, especially in the post-COVID-19 era when delivery models are shifting toward health-focused strategies which are home-based and remote.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Van Gerwen OT, Talluri R, Camino AF .
Human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infection testing preferences for young Black men who have sex with men in the Southeastern United States: implications for a post-COVID-19 era.
Sex Transm Dis 2022 Mar;49(3):208-15. doi: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001559..
Keywords: COVID-19, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Infectious Diseases, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Men's Health
Wyse JJ, McGinnis KA, Edelman EJ
Twelve-month retention in opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder among patients with and without HIV.
Although opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is associated with positive health outcomes, including improved HIV management, long-term retention in OAT remains low among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). The investigators concluded that history of homelessness was associated with a lower likelihood of retention. Predictors of retention were largely distinct between patients with HIV and patients without HIV. Findings highlighted the need for clinical, systems, and research initiatives to better understand and improve OAT retention.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Wyse JJ, McGinnis KA, Edelman EJ .
Twelve-month retention in opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder among patients with and without HIV.
AIDS Behav 2022 Mar;26(3):975-85. doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03452-0..
Keywords: Opioids, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Higashi RT, Rodriguez SA, Betts AC
Anal cancer screening among women with HIV: provider experiences and system-level challenges.
This article described current practices and barriers met in conducting anal cancer screenings for women living with HIV (WLWH) in an urban integrated safety-net system and in a non-profit community-based HIV clinic. Semi-structured interviews with clinical and administrative stakeholders were conducted to assess their screening for anal cancer experiences, knowledge, clinic practices and procedures. Barriers included limited knowledge of guidelines by providers and system-level issues such as lack of coordination between clinics and limitations on available resources. The authors concluded that screenings and follow-up require organization and coordination between multiple care teams, as well as improved clinical information systems to facilitate communication and infrastructure for managing abnormal results.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Higashi RT, Rodriguez SA, Betts AC .
Anal cancer screening among women with HIV: provider experiences and system-level challenges.
AIDS Care 2022 Feb; 34(2):220-26. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1883512..
Keywords: Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Women, Screening
Van Gerwen OT, Austin EL, Camino AF
"It's behaviors, not identity": attitudes and beliefs related to HIV risk and pre-exposure prophylaxis among transgender women in the Southeastern United States.
Investigators aimed to explore beliefs associated with HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among transgender women (TGW) in the Southeastern U.S., framed by the Health Belief Model. They identified several themes: frustration with conflation of transgender identity and HIV risk, inappropriate transgender representation in PrEP advertising, concerns for interactions between PrEP and hormone therapy, perception that PrEP is meant for cisgender men who have sex with men, and limited trans-affirming healthcare. Given the diversity of this population, they recommended nuanced messaging to educate and engage TGW in HIV prevention strategies, including PrEP.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Van Gerwen OT, Austin EL, Camino AF .
"It's behaviors, not identity": attitudes and beliefs related to HIV risk and pre-exposure prophylaxis among transgender women in the Southeastern United States.
PLoS One 2022 Jan 27;17(1):e0262205. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262205..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Sexual Health
Hobson JM, Gilstrap SR, Owens MA
Intersectional HIV and chronic pain stigma: implications for mood, sleep, and pain severity.
This study discusses chronic pain stigma in persons with HIV (PWH) and the consequences for mental and physical health which can lead to poor chronic pain outcome. This cross-sectional study enrolled 91 PWH and chronic pain patients, with six participants disqualified. Participants provided blood to determine CD 4+ count and viral load. They also completed standardized self-report questionnaires that assessed their experiences of HIV and chronic pain stigma, as well as depressive symptoms, experiences of insomnia, and pain severity. Measures used in the questionnaires included the HIV Stigma Mechanisms Scale, the Internalized Stigma of Chronic Pain scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CED-S) Scale, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Brief Pain Inventory Short-Form (BFI-SF). Participants were also questioned on opioid use. Results showed that for intersectional HIV and chronic pain stigma, 38% of participants were categorized as “high”, 28% were categorized as “moderate”, and 34% were categorized as “low”.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Hobson JM, Gilstrap SR, Owens MA .
Intersectional HIV and chronic pain stigma: implications for mood, sleep, and pain severity.
J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2022 Jan-Dec;21:23259582221077941. doi: 10.1177/23259582221077941..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Pain, Chronic Conditions, Social Stigma, Depression
Turan B, Stringer KL, Onono M
Linkage to HIV care, postpartum depression, and HIV-related stigma in newly diagnosed pregnant women living with HIV in Kenya: a longitudinal observational study.
The investigators examined associations between linkage to HIV care, postpartum depression, and internalized stigma in a population with a high risk of depression: newly diagnosed HIV-positive pregnant women. They found that, in this study group of women from rural Kenya, at 6 weeks postpartum, those who had not linked to HIV care after testing positive at their first antenatal visit had higher levels of depression and internalized stigma, compared to women who had linked to care. Internalized stigma mediated the effect of linkage to care on depression. Furthermore, participants who had both linked to HIV care and initiated antiretroviral therapy reported the lowest levels of depressive symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Turan B, Stringer KL, Onono M .
Linkage to HIV care, postpartum depression, and HIV-related stigma in newly diagnosed pregnant women living with HIV in Kenya: a longitudinal observational study.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014 Dec 3;14:400. doi: 10.1186/s12884-014-0400-4.
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Keywords: Depression, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Pregnancy, Social Stigma
Merlin JS, Walcott M, Ritchie C
'Two pains together': patient perspectives on psychological aspects of chronic pain while living with HIV.
The researchers’ objective was to explore HIV-infected patients’ perspectives on psychological aspects of chronic pain using in-depth qualitative interviews. Key themes that emerged included the close relationship between mood and pain; mood and pain in the context of living with HIV; use of alcohol/drugs to self-medicate for pain; and the challenge of receiving prescription pain medications while dealing with substance use disorders.
AHRQ-funded; HS021694.
Citation: Merlin JS, Walcott M, Ritchie C .
'Two pains together': patient perspectives on psychological aspects of chronic pain while living with HIV.
PLoS One 2014 Nov 3;9(11):e111765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111765..
Keywords: Care Management, Chronic Conditions, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Self-Management
Haukoos JS, Lyons MS, White DA
Acute HIV infection and implications of fourth-generation HIV screening in emergency departments.
This editorial discusses a study in the same journal issue that contributes substantially to the understanding of HIV screening in EDs by reporting programmatic results of nontargeted opt-out screening in a high-volume, urban ED. This study is unique in that it reports, for the first time in an ED setting, the use of fourth-generation HIV testing which improves detection of acute HIV infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS021749.
Citation: Haukoos JS, Lyons MS, White DA .
Acute HIV infection and implications of fourth-generation HIV screening in emergency departments.
Ann Emerg Med 2014 Nov;64(5):547-51. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.004..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Screening, Emergency Department, Urban Health
Abara WE, Smith L, Zhang S
The influence of race and comorbidity on the timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy among older persons living with HIV/AIDS.
In this article, the investigators examined whether the timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) differed by race and comorbidity among older (>/= 50 years) people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The investigators concluded that comorbidities affected timely ART initiation in older PLWHA. They asserted that older PLWHA may benefit from integrating and coordinating HIV care with care for other comorbidities and the development of ART treatment guidelines specific to this population.
AHRQ-funded; HS019470.
Citation: Abara WE, Smith L, Zhang S .
The influence of race and comorbidity on the timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy among older persons living with HIV/AIDS.
Am J Public Health 2014 Nov;104(11):e135-41. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302227..
Keywords: Elderly, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Sentell T, Marten L, Ahn HJ
Disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for native Hawaiians and Asians compared to whites in Hawaii.
This study investigated characteristics and disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for Asian American subgroups and Native Hawaiians using data from all hospitalizations in Hawai‘i between December 2006 and December 2010. It concluded that disparities appear to exist in rates of hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for Native Hawaiians and Asians, as well as in the demographic and, to some degree, the clinical characteristics of those hospitalized.
AHRQ-funded; HS019990.
Citation: Sentell T, Marten L, Ahn HJ .
Disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for native Hawaiians and Asians compared to whites in Hawaii.
Hawaii J Med Public Health 2014 Oct;73(10):308-14..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Yehia BR, Fleishman JA, Agwu AL
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Health insurance coverage for persons in HIV care, 2006-2012.
The authors examined trends in health insurance coverage at 11 US HIV clinics between 2006 and 2012. They found that Medicaid coverage was more prevalent among women than men; blacks and Hispanics than whites; and individuals with injection drug use risk compared with other transmission risk factors, with Hispanics and younger age groups more likely to be uninsured than other racial/ethnic and older age groups, respectively.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Yehia BR, Fleishman JA, Agwu AL .
Health insurance coverage for persons in HIV care, 2006-2012.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014 Sep 1;67(1):102-6. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000251.
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Keywords: Health Insurance, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medicare, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Uninsured
Haines CF, Fleishman JA, Yehia BR
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Increase in CD4 count among new enrollees in HIV care in the modern antiretroviral therapy era.
The authors sought to determine whether the CD4 count at presentation, a surrogate for time to presentation, increased from 2003 to 2011. They demonstrated a small, but statistically significant, increase in CD4 at presentation after the 2006 CDC HIV-screening guideline revision.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Haines CF, Fleishman JA, Yehia BR .
Increase in CD4 count among new enrollees in HIV care in the modern antiretroviral therapy era.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014 Sep 1;67(1):84-90. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000228.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Kelly JD, Hartman C, Graham J
Social support as a predictor of early diagnosis, linkage, retention, and adherence to HIV care: results from the steps study.
The researchers studied 168 persons newly diagnosed with AIDS to determine if social support contributes to various aspects of HIV care. They found that higher social support scores were associated with earlier HIV diagnosis, linkage to care, and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, social support did not contribute to use of ART or retention in HIV care.
AHRQ-funded; HS016093
Citation: Kelly JD, Hartman C, Graham J .
Social support as a predictor of early diagnosis, linkage, retention, and adherence to HIV care: results from the steps study.
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2014 Sep-Oct;25(5):405-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2013.12.002..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Patient Adherence/Compliance, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Yehia BR, Herati RS, Fleishman JA
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Hepatitis C virus testing in adults living with HIV: a need for improved screening efforts.
The authors sought to understand hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing practices in people living with HIV (PLWH) in order to improve compliance with guidelines and help identify areas for future intervention. They concluded that additional efforts to improve compliance with HCV testing guidelines are needed.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Yehia BR, Herati RS, Fleishman JA .
Hepatitis C virus testing in adults living with HIV: a need for improved screening efforts.
PLoS One 2014 Jul 17;9(7):e102766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102766.
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Keywords: Guidelines, Healthcare Utilization, Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Screening
Laws MB, Lee Y, Rogers WH
Provider-patient communication about adherence to anti-retroviral regimens differs by patient race and ethnicity.
This study directly examined differences in provider–patient communication about anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence by patient race or ethnicity. It found more ART adherence dialogue with Black and Hispanic patients than with White patients, even after controlling for indications, and a tendency for adherence dialogue to be more directive in Hispanics than in Whites.
AHRQ-funded; 290010012.
Citation: Laws MB, Lee Y, Rogers WH .
Provider-patient communication about adherence to anti-retroviral regimens differs by patient race and ethnicity.
AIDS Behav 2014 Jul;18(7):1279-87. doi: 10.1007/s10461-014-0697-z..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Clinician-Patient Communication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Hsieh YH, Haukoos JS, Rothman RE
Validation of an abbreviated version of the Denver HIV Risk Score for prediction of HIV infection in an urban ED.
The researchers sought to evaluate the performance of a short version of the Denver HIV Risk Score in 2 urban emergency departments. They found that external validation resulted in good discrimination. The study cohort included 15,184 patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526
Citation: Hsieh YH, Haukoos JS, Rothman RE .
Validation of an abbreviated version of the Denver HIV Risk Score for prediction of HIV infection in an urban ED.
Am J Emerg Med. 2014 Jul;32(7):775-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2014.02.043..
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Urban Health
Zhang SM, McGoy SL, Dawes D
The potential for elimination of racial-ethnic disparities in HIV treatment initiation in the Medicaid population among 14 southern states.
This study explored racial/ethnic disparities in the initiation of antiretroviral treatment among HIV-infected Medicaid enrollees in 14 Southern States. It found no significant differences between blacks and non-Hispanic whites but Hispanic/Latino persons were significantly less likely to receive antiretroviral treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022444; HS019470
Citation: Zhang SM, McGoy SL, Dawes D .
The potential for elimination of racial-ethnic disparities in HIV treatment initiation in the Medicaid population among 14 southern states.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 25;9(4):e96148. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096148..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Medicaid