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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedOrtiz D, Perkins AJ, Fuchita M
Pre-existing anxiety and depression in injured older adults: an under-recognized comorbidity with major health implications.
The purpose of this retrospective post-hoc analysis study was to evaluate variations in baseline depression and anxiety screenings between older injured patients with pre-existing diagnoses and those without. Data from the Trauma Medical Home, a multicenter randomized controlled trial was used for analysis. The study found that almost 50% of the patients screened positive for at least mild depressive symptoms as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and 41% of the patients screened positive for at least mild anxiety symptoms as measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale. Female patients with a history of concurrent anxiety and depression, greater injury severity scores, and higher Charlson scores were more likely to have mild anxiety at the baseline assessment. Patients with a history of depression only, a prior history of depression and concurrent anxiety, and higher Charlson scores (greater medical comorbidity) were more likely to have experienced at least mild depression at the time of hospital discharge after traumatic injury.
AHRQ-funded; HS026390.
Citation: Ortiz D, Perkins AJ, Fuchita M .
Pre-existing anxiety and depression in injured older adults: an under-recognized comorbidity with major health implications.
Ann Surg Open 2022 Dec; 3(4):e217. doi: 10.1097/as9.0000000000000217..
Keywords: Elderly, Anxiety, Depression, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Injuries and Wounds
Ivlev I, Beil TL, Haynes JS
Rapid evidence review of digital cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with depression.
This rapid evidence review was conducted to explore the benefits and harms of digital cognitive-behavioral therapy (dCBT) and the barriers to and facilitators of implementing dCBT for adolescents. An extensive literature review was done through December 6, 2021 for controlled trials conducted in settings highly applicable to the US. Additionally, the authors searched relevant systematic reviews for eligible studies. They identified 12 trials that examined the effects of nine dCBT programs. Overall, dCBT was slightly superior to other therapies in improving depression symptoms immediately, but not at a longer follow-up. There did not appear to be an increased risk for suicidal attempts or ideation with dCBT, however the number of events was very small. Potential barriers to implementing and maintaining dCBT included challenges engaging/retaining patients, developing infrastructure, and training therapists to facilitate dCBT. No data on harms or unintended negative consequences were reported in the included studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Ivlev I, Beil TL, Haynes JS .
Rapid evidence review of digital cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with depression.
J Adolesc Health 2022 Jul;71(1):14-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.01.220..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Depression, Behavioral Health, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Brent DA, Brunwasser SM, Hollon SD
Effect of a cognitive-behavioral prevention program on depression 6 years after implementation among at-risk adolescents: a randomized clinical trial.
The objective of this paper is to determine whether a cognitive-behavioral prevention (CBP) program reduced the incidence of depressive episodes, increased depression-free days, and improved developmental competence 6 years after implementation. Over the 75-month follow-up, youths assigned to CBP had a lower incidence of depression; the CBP program's overall significant effect was driven by a lower incidence of depressive episodes during the first 9 months after enrollment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Brent DA, Brunwasser SM, Hollon SD .
Effect of a cognitive-behavioral prevention program on depression 6 years after implementation among at-risk adolescents: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Psychiatry 2015 Nov;72(11):1110-8. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1559.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents, Depression, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Gibbons MB, Thompson SM, Mack RA
The relation of baseline skills to psychotherapy outcome across diverse psychotherapies.
The researchers explored the role of baseline skills deficits in compensatory skills and self-understanding across both cognitive and dynamic treatment modalities. Their results support a capitalization model for cognitive therapy but failed to support either a compensation model or a capitalization model for the short-term dynamic model.
AHRQ-funded; HS022124.
Citation: Gibbons MB, Thompson SM, Mack RA .
The relation of baseline skills to psychotherapy outcome across diverse psychotherapies.
J Clin Psychol 2015 Jun;71(6):491-9. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22165..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Depression, Behavioral Health, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research