National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 55 Research Studies DisplayedKerlikowske K, Bissell MCS, Sprague BL
Impact of BMI on prevalence of dense breasts by race and ethnicity.
Researchers evaluated differences in body mass index (BMI) in relation to differences in dense breasts prevalence by race/ethnicity. Their results indicated that dense breasts were most prevalent among Asian women followed by non-Hispanic White, Hispanic, and Black women. Clinically important differences in breast density prevalence are present across racial/ethnic groups after accounting for age, menopausal status, and BMI. IMPACT: If breast density is the sole criterion used to notify women of dense breasts and discuss supplemental screening it may result in implementing inequitable screening strategies across racial/ethnic groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS018366.
Citation: Kerlikowske K, Bissell MCS, Sprague BL .
Impact of BMI on prevalence of dense breasts by race and ethnicity.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023 Nov; 32(11):1524-30. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.Epi-23-0049..
Keywords: Obesity, Women, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Imaging
Kumar AJ, Parthasarathy C, Prescott HC
Pneumosepsis survival in the setting of obesity leads to persistent steatohepatitis and metabolic dysfunction.
The purpose of this study was to explore the long-term effect of sepsis on pre-existing NAFLD and hyperglycemia. The researchers randomized male mice to either a high-fat diet or a control diet (CD). After 24 weeks on the diet, mice were inoculated with Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpa). To assess whether persistent inflammation could be reproduced in other abnormal liver environments, mice were also challenged with Kpa after exposure to a methionine-choline-deficient high-fat diet. Finally, a retrospective cohort of 65,139 patients was analyzed to evaluate whether obesity was related with liver injury after sepsis. The study found that after Kpa inoculation, high-fat diet mice had normalized fasting blood glucose without a change in insulin sensitivity but with a notable decrease in pyruvate utilization. Liver examination revealed focal macrophage collections and a unique inflammatory gene signature on RNA analysis. In the clinical cohort, preobesity, and class 1 and class 2 obesity were related with higher odds of elevated aminotransferase levels 1-2 years after sepsis.
Citation: Kumar AJ, Parthasarathy C, Prescott HC .
Pneumosepsis survival in the setting of obesity leads to persistent steatohepatitis and metabolic dysfunction.
Hepatol Commun 2023 Sep; 7(9). doi: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000210..
Keywords: Sepsis, Obesity
Darling KE, West C, Jelalian E
The buffering effect of family support on the association between weight-based teasing and adolescent weight management outcomes.
This study examined the buffering effect that family support on the association between weight-based victimization (WBV) and adolescent weight management options. Parents of adolescents (n = 78) completed psychosocial measures at baseline of a clinical weight management program. Objective height and weight were measured at baseline and follow-up at Visit 3. There was a significant moderating effect of family support on the association between WBV and weight change (p = .04), accounting for 5.0% of the variance in weight change.
AHRQ-funded; HS02707.
Citation: Darling KE, West C, Jelalian E .
The buffering effect of family support on the association between weight-based teasing and adolescent weight management outcomes.
J Fam Psychol 2023 Sep; 37(6):942-46. doi: 10.1037/fam0001084..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Warnick J, Darling KE, Topor LS
Formative development of a weight management intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Researchers interviewed overweight or obese adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), their caregivers, and pediatric endocrinologists to understand if they would be interested in a weight management intervention adapted for youth with T1D. The results provided detailed recommendations for the adaptation of a behavioral weight management intervention. Five central themes emerged: program content, programmatic messaging, program structure, social support, and risk of eating disorders.
AHRQ-funded; HS027071.
Citation: Warnick J, Darling KE, Topor LS .
Formative development of a weight management intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Pediatr Diabetes 2023; 2023. doi: 10.1155/2023/9584419..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Chronic Conditions, Obesity: Weight Management
Holtrop JS, Connelly L, Gomes R
Models for delivering weight management in primary care: qualitative results from the MOST obesity study.
The purpose of this study was to examine how clinical primary care practices successfully and feasibly implement weight management services. The researchers utilized multiple methods including site visits, observations, interviews, and document reviews to practices across the United States. Qualitative research was conducted to identify unique features that were feasible to implement in primary care. The study identified 4 delivery models across 21 practices: group delivery, delivery integrated into standard primary care, hiring an "other" professional for delivery, and delivery utilizing a specific program. Features of the model included who delivered the services, whether the services were delivered to an individual or a group, the methods the service utilized, and how the care was paid. The majority of practices combined weight management services and primary care delivery, but some developed specific programs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024943.
Citation: Holtrop JS, Connelly L, Gomes R .
Models for delivering weight management in primary care: qualitative results from the MOST obesity study.
J Am Board Fam Med 2023 Aug 9; 36(4):603-15. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.220315R2..
Keywords: Obesity, Primary Care
Lucy AT, Rakestraw SL, Stringer C
Readability of patient education materials for bariatric surgery.
This paper examined readability and reading level of online bariatric surgery and standardized perioperative electronic medical record (EMR) patient education materials (PEM). National organizations recommend that PEM not exceed a sixth grade reading level. One institution was used to assess readability of PEM. Text readability was assessed by seven validated instruments and mean readability scores calculated with standard deviations and compared using unpaired t-tests. A total of 32 webpages and seven EMR education documents were assessed. Web pages were overall assessed as "difficult to read" compared to "standard/average" readability EMR materials. All web pages were at or above high school reading levels, with the highest reading levels being pages with nutrition information and the lowest reading level patient testimonials. EMR materials were found to be at sixth to ninth grade reading level.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Lucy AT, Rakestraw SL, Stringer C .
Readability of patient education materials for bariatric surgery.
Surg Endosc 2023 Aug; 37(8):6519-25. doi: 10.1007/s00464-023-10153-3..
Keywords: Surgery, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Health Literacy
Heerman WJ, Sneed NM, Sommer EC
Ultra-processed food consumption and BMI-Z among children at risk for obesity from low-income households.
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between baseline ultra-processed food consumption in early childhood and child BMI Z-score over 36 months. Among 595 children, median baseline age was 4.3 years, 65.4% had normal weight, 33.8% were overweight, and 0.8% were obese. When compared with low ultra-processed consumption (300 kcals/day), High ultra-processed intake (1300 kcals/day) was related with a 1.2 higher BMI-Z at 36 months for 3-year-olds and a 0.6 higher BMI-Z for 4-year-olds. The difference was not statistically significant for 5-year-olds or overall.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Heerman WJ, Sneed NM, Sommer EC .
Ultra-processed food consumption and BMI-Z among children at risk for obesity from low-income households.
Pediatr Obes 2023 Aug; 18(8):e13037. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.13037..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Low-Income, Nutrition, Vulnerable Populations
Darling KE, Hayes JF, Evans EW
Engaging stakeholders to adapt an evidence-based family healthy weight program.
The purpose of this study was to describe the procedure of utilizing qualitative data from community and intervention stakeholders, children with overweight or obesity from low-income backgrounds, and caregivers to inform adaptations to the JOIN for ME pediatric weight management intervention. The researchers conducted qualitative interviews with 21 key community and intervention stakeholders, and conducted focus groups in both Spanish and English with 35 children with overweight or obesity from low-income backgrounds and 71 caregivers of children with overweight or obesity from low-income backgrounds. The results of the qualitative data analysis guided intervention modifications including content revisions to simplify and tailor materials, contextual revisions to improve intervention engagement and framing, resource awareness, and modality of delivery, training adaptations, and implementation/scale-up activities to improve community partner connections.
AHRQ-funded; HS02707.
Citation: Darling KE, Hayes JF, Evans EW .
Engaging stakeholders to adapt an evidence-based family healthy weight program.
Transl Behav Med 2023 Jul; 13(7):423-31. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibac113..
Keywords: Obesity, Family Health and History, Evidence-Based Practice, Children/Adolescents
Zamudio J, Kanji FF, Lusk C
Identifying workflow disruptions in robotic-assisted bariatric surgery: elucidating challenges experienced by surgical teams.
The goal of this observational study was to investigate the impact of robotic bariatric surgery (RBS) on the surgical work system via the study of flow disruptions (FDs), or deviations from the natural workflow progression. Twenty-nine RBS procedures were observed at three sites; FDs were recorded in real time and subsequently classified into one of nine work system categories. FDs occurred approximately every 2.4 minutes and happened most frequently during the final patient transfer and robot docking phases of RBS. The coordination challenges that contributed most to these disruptions were associated with waiting for staff/instruments and readjusting equipment.
AHRQ-funded; HS026491.
Citation: Zamudio J, Kanji FF, Lusk C .
Identifying workflow disruptions in robotic-assisted bariatric surgery: elucidating challenges experienced by surgical teams.
Obes Surg 2023 Jul; 33(7):2083-89. doi: 10.1007/s11695-023-06620-4..
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Surgery, Workflow, Obesity
Barnett S, Matthews K, DeWindt L
Deaf Weight Wise: a novel randomized clinical trial with Deaf sign language users.
The purpose of this research was to address the lack of scientifically supported weight management programs specifically designed for the Deaf population. The researchers developed the Deaf Weight Wise (DWW) trial and intervention which was informed by community-based participatory research. The primary focus of DWW is promoting a healthy lifestyle and weight management through dietary adjustments and physical activity. A total of 104 Deaf adults aged 40 to 70 years, with a BMI ranging from 25 to 45, were recruited from community settings in Rochester, New York. Participants were randomized into either immediate intervention (n = 48) or a 1-year delayed intervention group (n = 56). The latter group served as a no-intervention control until the trial's midpoint. Data were collected at five time points (every six months) from baseline to 24 months. All DWW intervention leaders and participants were Deaf individuals using American Sign Language (ASL). The study found that at the 6-month mark, the average weight change difference between the immediate-intervention group and the delayed-intervention group (no intervention yet) was -3.4 kg. A majority (61.6%) of those in the immediate intervention group lost ≥5% of their baseline weight, compared to 18.1% in the no-intervention-yet group. Indicators of participant engagement included an average attendance of 11/16 sessions (69%), and 92% completed the 24-month data collection. The researchers concluded that the DWW program, which is community-engaged, culturally tailored, and provides language accessibility, successfully supported weight loss among Deaf ASL users.
AHRQ-funded; HS015700
Citation: Barnett S, Matthews K, DeWindt L .
Deaf Weight Wise: a novel randomized clinical trial with Deaf sign language users.
Obesity 2023 Apr;31(4):965-76. doi: 10.1002/oby.23702.
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Disabilities, Obesity
Halliday TM, McFadden M, Cedillo M
Lifestyle strategies after intentional weight loss: results from the MAINTAIN-pc randomized trial.
The aim of this study was to explore the strategies related with successful long-term weight loss maintenance. Researchers analyzed data from the 24-month Maintaining Activity and Nutrition Through Technology-Assisted Innovation in Primary Care (MAINTAIN-pc) trial. MAINTAIN-pc recruited 194 adults with recent intentional weight loss and randomized participants a group using tracking tools plus coaching (i.e., coaching group) or tracking tools without coaching (i.e., tracking-only group). The participants reported the lifestyle strategies they utilized in the previous 6 months, including self-monitoring, group support, behavioral skills, and professional support. The study found that at baseline, 100% used behavioral skills, 73% used group support, 69% used self-monitoring, and 68% used professional support in the past 6 months; at 24 months, the rates were 98%, 60%, 75%, and 61%, respectively. The number of participants using individual strategies did not vary significantly over time, but the overall number of strategies participants reported decreased. A greater number of strategies were utilized at baseline and 6 months compared to 12- and 24-month follow-ups. The coaching group utilized a greater number of strategies at months 6 and 12 than the tracking-only group. Consistent utilization of professional support strategies over the 24-month study period was related with less weight regain.
AHRQ-funded; HS021162.
Citation: Halliday TM, McFadden M, Cedillo M .
Lifestyle strategies after intentional weight loss: results from the MAINTAIN-pc randomized trial.
Transl J Am Coll Sports Med 2023 Spring; 8(2). doi: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000220..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Primary Care, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Darling KE, Warnick J, Guthrie KM
Weight management engagement for teens from low-income backgrounds: qualitative perspectives from adolescents and caregivers.
Adolescents from low-income backgrounds are at a higher risk for obesity and obesity-related negative health outcomes. In addition, these adolescents have lower access to, and success in, weight management (WM) programs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore engagement in a hospital-based WM program from the adolescent and caregiver perspective at varying levels of program initiation and engagement. The researchers conducted qualitative interviews with 55 participants, including 29 adolescents and 26 caregivers. This included: a) those who were referred to WM treatment, but never initiated (non-initiators); b) those who dropped out from treatment; and c) those who that had continuous participation in treatment (engaged). The study found that participants across all groups reported that they did not have a complete understanding of the scope or goals of the WM program after initial referral. In addition, many participants identified misperceptions of the program (e.g., perceptions of a screening visit as compared to an intensive program). Both caregivers and adolescents identified caregivers as drivers of engagement, with adolescents often tentative about participation in the program. However, engaged adolescents found the program valuable and sought ongoing participation following caregiver initiation.
AHRQ-funded; HS02707.
Citation: Darling KE, Warnick J, Guthrie KM .
Weight management engagement for teens from low-income backgrounds: qualitative perspectives from adolescents and caregivers.
J Pediatr Psychol 2023 Feb 15; 48(7):593-601. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad008..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Low-Income, Patient and Family Engagement
Barlow SE, Yudkin J, Nelson V
Dynamo Kids!/¡Niños Dinámicos! A web site for pediatric primary care providers to offer parents of children 6-12 years old with overweight and obesity: web site development and protocol for pilot study.
The purpose of this study will be to determine whether a self-guided web site offered by pediatric primary care providers could assist parents with applying healthy behaviors. If successful, a large, controlled study may be conducted to further assess. The Dynamo Kids/¡Niños Dinámicos program was created with feedback from parents and health care professionals, developing a bilingual site for parents to about healthy behavior changes for their children and how to implement them. Electronic health record modifications alert providers to qualified children at well-child encounters. Parents complete online surveys before entering the site. In month 3 of the study, the practitioners will examine children in weight-focused appointments. Outcomes include change in Family Nutrition and Physical Activity parent survey score (primary) and change in child relative BMI (secondary). Additional data include time spent on site, provider surveys, and provider and parent interviews.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Barlow SE, Yudkin J, Nelson V .
Dynamo Kids!/¡Niños Dinámicos! A web site for pediatric primary care providers to offer parents of children 6-12 years old with overweight and obesity: web site development and protocol for pilot study.
J Pediatr Health Care 2023 Jan-Feb; 37(1):17-24. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.09.003..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Primary Care, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Family Health and History
Cedillo M, Kukhareva PV, Larsen SM
Impact of electronic health record-coaching features in weight change: a secondary analysis from the MAINTAIN-pc randomized trial.
This study evaluated whether coaching features were successfully transmitted via electronic health record (EHR) communication and to evaluate their relationship with weight change in a previously tested EHR-based coaching intervention. The authors conducted a secondary analysis from the Maintaining Activity and Nutrition through Technology-Assisted Innovation in Primary Care (MAINTAIN-pc) study randomized clinical trial in nine primary care practices and one specialty practice (endocrinology) affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Eligible participants were aged 18 to 75 years, had intentional 5% weight loss in the previous 2 years, had access to an internet-connected computer, and had receipt of care from a University of Pittsburgh Medical Center primary care provider. Participants content with intervention delivery via the EHR and those who felt a strong connection to their coach had significantly less weight regain. Participants who had needs unmet by the intervention (e.g., "in-person" support in a group setting or individual settings) regained more weight. The results suggest heterogeneity in the patient population regarding preference for in-person versus EHR-based coaching formats.
AHRQ-funded; HS021162.
Citation: Cedillo M, Kukhareva PV, Larsen SM .
Impact of electronic health record-coaching features in weight change: a secondary analysis from the MAINTAIN-pc randomized trial.
Obesity 2023 Jan;31(1):31-36. doi: 10.1002/oby.23595..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Lifestyle Changes
Shen MR, Jiang S, Millis MA
Racial variation in baseline characteristics and wait times among patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether differences exist in baseline characteristics or access to care between white and non-white patients of bariatric surgery. The researchers utilized a statewide bariatric-specific data registry and assessed all patients of bariatric surgery who completed a baseline questionnaire prior to the operation and compared data among racial groups. A total of 73,141 patients were included with 25.5% self-identifying as non-white. Non-white males were the least represented group with 4% of all bariatric surgery cases performed. Despite having higher rates of college education, when compared to white patients non-white patients were more likely to be younger, disabled, and have Medicaid. Despite having higher rates of patients with a body mass index above 50 kg/m the median time from the first evaluation to surgery was longer among non-white patients (157 days vs. 127 days.) The study concluded that despite presenting with higher rates of severe obesity, when compared with white patients non-white patients of bariatric surgery are an extremely diverse group with greater socioeconomic disadvantages and longer wait times.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Shen MR, Jiang S, Millis MA .
Racial variation in baseline characteristics and wait times among patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Surg Endosc 2023 Jan; 37(1):564-70. doi: 10.1007/s00464-022-09292-w..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Surgery, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Disparities
Boles RE, Yun L, Hambidge SJ, et al.
Influencing the home food and activity environment of families of preschool children receiving home-based treatment for obesity.
The goal of this study was to characterize the home food and activity environments of overweight and obese preschool-aged children from low socioeconomic status Latino families. It showed that despite a small, but significant reduction in preschool BMI for a subsample, families showed little change in the home food and activity environment.
AHRQ-funded; HS021138.
Citation: Boles RE, Yun L, Hambidge SJ, et al..
Influencing the home food and activity environment of families of preschool children receiving home-based treatment for obesity.
Clin Pediatr 2015 Dec;54(14):1387-90. doi: 10.1177/0009922815570614..
Keywords: Obesity, Children/Adolescents, Nutrition, Obesity: Weight Management, Family Health and History
Batsis JA, Mackenzie TA, Lopez-Jimenez F
Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and functional impairments in older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2004.
The researchers tested the hypothesis that the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity would be similar based on the different NIH criteria, increase with age, and be associated with risk of impairment limitations. They concluded that the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity varies greatly, and a uniform definition is needed to identify and characterize these high-risk populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Batsis JA, Mackenzie TA, Lopez-Jimenez F .
Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and functional impairments in older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2004.
Nutr Res 2015 Dec;35(12):1031-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.09.003.
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Keywords: Elderly, Obesity, Chronic Conditions, Health Status
Grenda TR, Pradarelli JC, Thumma JR
Variation in hospital episode costs with bariatric surgery.
This study examined hospital variation in episode costs for a common high-risk procedure that is a prime candidate for bundled payment programs (ie, bariatric surgery). It found that mean total payments for bariatric procedures varied from $11,086 to $13,073 per episode of care, resulting in a mean difference of $1,987 (16.5 percent difference) per episode of care between the lowest and highest hospital quartiles.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Grenda TR, Pradarelli JC, Thumma JR .
Variation in hospital episode costs with bariatric surgery.
JAMA Surg 2015 Dec;150(12):1109-15. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.2394.
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Keywords: Surgery, Obesity, Healthcare Costs
Taveras EM, Marshall R, Sharifi M
Connect for Health: Design of a clinical-community childhood obesity intervention testing best practices of positive outliers.
The Connect for Health study is designed to assess whether a novel approach to care delivery that leverages clinical and community resources and addresses socio-contextual factors will improve body mass index and family-centered, obesity-related outcomes of interest to parents and children. The intervention is informed by clinical, community, parent, and youth stakeholders and incorporates successful strategies and best practices learned from 'positive outlier' families.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Taveras EM, Marshall R, Sharifi M .
Connect for Health: Design of a clinical-community childhood obesity intervention testing best practices of positive outliers.
Contemp Clin Trials 2015 Nov;45(Pt B):287-95. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2015.09.022.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Health Information Technology (HIT), Community-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Sharifi M, Marshall G, Goldman RE
Engaging children in the development of obesity interventions: exploring outcomes that matter most among obesity positive outliers.
The researchers explored outcomes and measures of success that matter most to 'positive outlier' children who improved their body mass index (BMI) despite living in obesogenic neighborhoods. They found that children identified bullying and negative peer comparisons related to physical appearance, clothing size, and athletic ability as motivating them to achieve a healthier weight, and they measured success as improvement in these domains. Positive relationships with friends and family facilitated both behavior change initiation and maintenance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Sharifi M, Marshall G, Goldman RE .
Engaging children in the development of obesity interventions: exploring outcomes that matter most among obesity positive outliers.
Patient Educ Couns 2015 Nov;98(11):1393-401. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.06.007.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Mansi I, Frei CR, Wang CP
Statins and new-onset diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications: a retrospective cohort study of US healthy adults.
The authors studied the long-term relationship between statin use and new-onset diabetes among Tricare beneficiaries. They found that diabetes, diabetic complications, and overweight/obesity were more commonly diagnosed among statin-users than similar nonusers in a healthy cohort of adults, demonstrating that short-term clinical trials might not fully describe the risk/benefit of long-term statin use for primary prevention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Mansi I, Frei CR, Wang CP .
Statins and new-onset diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications: a retrospective cohort study of US healthy adults.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Nov;30(11):1599-610. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3335-1.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Diabetes, Medication, Obesity
Kenzik KM, Morey MC, Cohen HJ
Symptoms, weight loss, and physical function in a lifestyle intervention study of older cancer survivors.
This study examined how overweight long-term survivors’ symptom severity associated with comorbidity prior to a diet and exercise intervention was associated with post-intervention function. It found that symptom severity of older, overweight cancer survivors negatively affects physical function. However, greater weight loss and more physical activity were associated with higher functioning scores, regardless of symptom severity.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Morey MC, Cohen HJ .
Symptoms, weight loss, and physical function in a lifestyle intervention study of older cancer survivors.
J Geriatr Oncol 2015 Nov;6(6):424-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2015.08.004..
Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Obesity, Nutrition
Waljee JF, Ghaferi A, Finks JF
Variation in patient-reported outcomes across hospitals following surgery.
The researchers examined variation in patient-reported outcomes (PROs), specifically health-related quality of life (HRQOL), across hospitals performing bariatric surgery. They found that patient factors explain a large proportion of hospital-level variation in PROs following bariatric surgery, underscoring the importance of risk adjustment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Waljee JF, Ghaferi A, Finks JF .
Variation in patient-reported outcomes across hospitals following surgery.
Med Care 2015 Nov;53(11):960-6. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000425..
Keywords: Quality of Life, Surgery, Obesity, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Experience
Horner-Johnson W, Dobbertin K, Kulkarni-Rajasekhara S
Food insecurity, hunger, and obesity among informal caregivers.
Increasing numbers of US residents rely on informal caregiving from friends and family members. Caregiving can have substantial health and financial impacts on caregivers. This study addressed whether those impacts include adverse nutritional states. It concluded that caregiving is associated with increased risk of food insecurity and hunger in Oregon.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Horner-Johnson W, Dobbertin K, Kulkarni-Rajasekhara S .
Food insecurity, hunger, and obesity among informal caregivers.
Prev Chronic Dis 2015 Oct 8;12:E170. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.150129..
Keywords: Caregiving, Obesity, Nutrition, Health Status
Yawn BP, Rank MA, Bertram SL
Obesity, low levels of physical activity and smoking present opportunities for primary care asthma interventions: an analysis of baseline data from the asthma tools study.
The researchers calculated cross-sectional frequencies of activity levels, smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and the presence of obesity, as well as rates of out-of-control asthma and asthma exacerbations. They found that tobacco smoke exposure, obesity, low activity levels, poverty, inadequately controlled asthma and high asthma-related health-care utilization were common. Across all age groups, obesity was associated with poorer asthma outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS018431.
Citation: Yawn BP, Rank MA, Bertram SL .
Obesity, low levels of physical activity and smoking present opportunities for primary care asthma interventions: an analysis of baseline data from the asthma tools study.
NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2015 Oct 1;25:15058. doi: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2015.58..
Keywords: Asthma, Obesity, Tobacco Use, Primary Care, Outcomes