National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- (-) Children/Adolescents (6)
- (-) Community-Acquired Infections (6)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
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- Family Health and History (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedHogan PG, Mork RL, Thompson RM
Environmental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contamination, persistent colonization, and subsequent skin and soft tissue infection.
This 12-month prospective cohort study examined households contaminated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), persistent colonization, and subsequent soft tissue infection (SSTI). Households in St. Louis who had members with community-acquired MRSA SSTI were longitudinally tracked from 2012 to 2015. A baseline visit was conducted at the index patient’s primary home, followed by four quarterly visits over 12 months. With each visit, an interview and serial cultures were collected. Of the 692 participants in 150 households, including 150 children, who completed all 5 samplings; 213 (39%) showed persistent colonization with S. aureus, particularly in the nose. Nine pets (8%) were persistently colonized with S. aureus. Interval SSTI was also associated with MRSA in 76 index patients (53%) and 101 household contacts (19%).
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: Hogan PG, Mork RL, Thompson RM .
Environmental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contamination, persistent colonization, and subsequent skin and soft tissue infection.
JAMA Pediatr 2020 Jun;174(6):552-62. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0132..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Community-Acquired Infections
Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE
Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.
This prospective cohort study examined methods of transmission for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in households with otherwise healthy children who have a MRSA infection. From 2012-2015 households in St. Louis with children who had a community-acquired MRSA skin and soft-tissue infection were longitudinally tracked. Children with other health issues were excluded. A baseline visit was conducted at the index patient’s primary home, followed by four quarterly visits over 12 months. With each visit, an interview and serial cultures were collected. Molecular typing was done of those samples to determine the distinct S aureus strain. MRSA recipients were most likely to live in a rental situation, and were more likely to share a bedroom with a strain-colonised individual. The most likely transmission source was shared bath towels. Pets were often recipients, but rarely the sole transmission source. Frequent handwashing decreased the likelihood of novel strains being introduced into the house and emphasizes the importance of hand hygiene.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269
Citation: Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE .
Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.
Lancet Infect Dis 2020 Feb;20(2):188-98. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30570-5..
Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Community-Acquired Infections, Prevention, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History
Leyenaar JK, Andrews CB, Tyksinski ER
Facilitators of interdepartmental quality improvement: a mixed-methods analysis of a collaborative to improve pediatric community-acquired pneumonia management.
This study examined the relationship between emergency room (ER) physicians and hospital pediatricians in the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics to treat children hospitalized with pneumonia. There were eight inter-related domains that were identified that contribute to successful quality improvement efforts. These domains include hospital leadership and support; quality improvement champions, and interdepartmental relationships.
AHRQ-funded; HS024133; HS024554.
Citation: Leyenaar JK, Andrews CB, Tyksinski ER .
Facilitators of interdepartmental quality improvement: a mixed-methods analysis of a collaborative to improve pediatric community-acquired pneumonia management.
BMJ Qual Saf 2019 Mar;28(3):215-22. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008065..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Acquired Infections, Emergency Department, Pneumonia, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Immergluck LC, Leong T, Matthews K
Geographic surveillance of community associated MRSA infections in children using electronic health record data.
This study conducted a geographic surveillance of community-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureas (CA-MRSA) incidence in children from 2000 to 2010 in the Atlanta Metropolitan area. Census tract data was filtered to create maps of antibiotic resistant and non-resistant forms of CA-MRSA infection. Black children and children under the age of 4 were found to have increased risk for CA-MRSA. Poverty also made a difference in the rate of CA-MRSA with neighborhoods with larger households having a higher rate.
AHRQ-funded; HS024338.
Citation: Immergluck LC, Leong T, Matthews K .
Geographic surveillance of community associated MRSA infections in children using electronic health record data.
BMC Infect Dis 2019 Feb 18;19(1):170. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3682-3..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Acquired Infections, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Social Determinants of Health
Parikh K, Hall M, Blaschke AJ
Aggregate and hospital-level impact of national guidelines on diagnostic resource utilization for children with pneumonia at children's hospitals.
Researchers sought to evaluate the temporal trends in diagnostic testing associated with guideline implementation among children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). They concluded that publication of national pneumonia guidelines in 2011 was associated with modest changes in diagnostic testing for children with CAP. However, the changes varied across hospitals, and the financial impact was modest.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Parikh K, Hall M, Blaschke AJ .
Aggregate and hospital-level impact of national guidelines on diagnostic resource utilization for children with pneumonia at children's hospitals.
J Hosp Med 2016 May;11(5):317-23. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2534.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Acquired Infections, Guidelines, Pneumonia
Self WH, Williams DJ, Zhu Y
Respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
The researchers conducted a prospective study to identify the prevalence of 13 viruses in the upper respiratory tract of patients with CAP and concurrently enrolled asymptomatic controls with real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. They concluded that the probability that a virus detected with real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in patients with CAP contributed to symptomatic disease varied by age group and specific virus.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: Self WH, Williams DJ, Zhu Y .
Respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
J Infect Dis 2016 Feb 15;213(4):584-91. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv323.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions