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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
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- (-) Behavioral Health (8)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedGuglielminotti J, Li G
Exposure to general anesthesia for cesarean delivery and odds of severe postpartum depression requiring hospitalization.
This retrospective cohort study evaluated the risk of general anesthesia use in cesarean delivery versus neuraxial anesthesia on maternal mental health. Cesarean deliveries performed in New York State hospitals between 2006 and 2013 were included. Exclusion criteria included having more than 1 cesarean delivery during the study period, residing outside of New York State, and having a general anesthetic for other surgery or delivery in the year before or after the index case. The primary outcome looked at was severe postpartum depression (PPD), and secondary outcomes were suicidal ideation, anxiety disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The majority of cesareans used neuraxial anesthesia and only 8% (34,356) had general anesthesia. Severe PPD requiring hospitalization occurred in 1158 women with 60% identified during readmission. General anesthesia was found to be associated with a 54% increased odds of PPD, and a 91% increased odds of suicidal ideation or self-inflicted injury. There was insufficient evidence for increased risk of anxiety orders.
AHRQ-funded; HS025787.
Citation: Guglielminotti J, Li G .
Exposure to general anesthesia for cesarean delivery and odds of severe postpartum depression requiring hospitalization.
Anesth Analg 2020 Nov;131(5):1421-29. doi: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004663..
Keywords: Labor and Delivery, Pregnancy, Women, Depression, Behavioral Health, Surgery, Risk, Hospitalization, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Kolak MA, Chen YT, Joyce S
Rural risk environments, opioid-related overdose, and infectious diseases: a multidimensional, spatial perspective.
The authors adapted a risk environment framework to characterize rural southern Illinois and to describe the relations of risk environments, opioid-related overdose, HIV, Hepatitis C, and sexually transmitted infection rates between 2015 and 2017. They identified pervasive risk hotspots in more populated locales with higher rates of overdose and HCV incidence, whereas emerging risk areas were isolated to more rural locales that had experienced an increase in analgesic opiate overdoses and generally lacked harm-reduction resources. They also found that at-risk areas were characterized with underlying socioeconomic vulnerability but in differing ways, reflecting a nuanced and shifting structural risk landscape.
AHRQ-funded; HS022433.
Citation: Kolak MA, Chen YT, Joyce S .
Rural risk environments, opioid-related overdose, and infectious diseases: a multidimensional, spatial perspective.
Int J Drug Policy 2020 Nov;85:102727. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102727..
Keywords: Rural Health, Opioids, Substance Abuse, Medication, Hepatitis, Risk, Behavioral Health
Bushnell GA, Gerhard T, Crystal S
Benzodiazepine treatment and fracture risk in young persons with anxiety disorders.
This study examined whether benzodiazepine treatment increases fall and fracture risk in young persons as it has been shown to do in older adults. They examined whether children (6-17 years) and young adults (18-24) recently diagnosed with anxiety disorder had an increased fracture risk. A cohort of commercially insured children and young adults who had initiated use of benzodiazepine or SSRIs were followed for 3 months, or until fracture, treatment discontinuation or switching or disenrollment occurred. The cohort consisted of 120,715 children and 179,768 young adults. There was an increased fracture rate found in children, but not young adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS026001.
Citation: Bushnell GA, Gerhard T, Crystal S .
Benzodiazepine treatment and fracture risk in young persons with anxiety disorders.
Pediatrics 2020 Jul;146(1):e20193478. doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3478..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Young Adults, Medication, Falls, Injuries and Wounds, Risk, Anxiety, Behavioral Health
Katz D, Petersen T, Amado S
An evaluation of suicidal risk in bipolar patients with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder.
The impact of concurrent diagnosis posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on persons with bipolar disorder (BD) was analyzed to determine if there was a higher risk of suicidal ideation. Baseline data from the 482 individuals enrolled in the Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for bipolar disorder study (Bipolar CHOICE) was used. The association of comorbid PTSD with increased suicidal ideation was assessed by the Concise Health Risk Tracking Scale (CHRT) total and factor scores. As the authors hypothesized, diagnosis of comorbid PTSD was a significant predictor of the CHRT total score. All participants with comorbid PTSD (n=58) endorsed current suicidal ideation and were more likely to have had a previous suicide attempt compared to those without PTSD.
AHRQ-funded; HS019371.
Citation: Katz D, Petersen T, Amado S .
An evaluation of suicidal risk in bipolar patients with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder.
J Affect Disord 2020 Apr 1;266:49-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.091..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Risk, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Depression
Nelson HD, Denneson LM, Low AR
Suicide risk assessment and prevention: a systematic review focusing on veterans.
This article reviews studies of the accuracy of methods to identify individuals at increased risk of suicide and the effectiveness and adverse effects of health care interventions relevant to U.S. veteran and military populations in reducing suicide and suicide attempts. It concludes that risk assessment methods have been shown to be sensitive predictors of suicide and suicide attempts, but the frequency of false positives limits their clinical utility.
AHRQ-funded; HS019456.
Citation: Nelson HD, Denneson LM, Low AR .
Suicide risk assessment and prevention: a systematic review focusing on veterans.
Psychiatr Serv 2017 Oct;68(10):1003-15. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201600384.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health, Prevention, Risk
Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults without known cardiovascular risk factors to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Diet and physical activity behavioral interventions were found to result in consistent modest benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes across 6 to 12 months, including blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, and adiposity.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA .
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
JAMA 2017 Jul 11;318(2):175-93. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.3303.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Goldmann E, Roberts ET, Parikh NS
Chronic physical illness burden and suicidal ideation among Dominicans in New York City.
This study used data from a community survey of 2753 Dominican adults in New York City to investigate the association between chronic illness and suicidal ideation. The investigators concluded that the association of interest did not differ significantly between younger and older adults. They suggest that screening for SI in health care practice, particularly among Dominican men with multiple chronic health conditions, may be warranted.
AHRQ-funded; HS022961.
Citation: Goldmann E, Roberts ET, Parikh NS .
Chronic physical illness burden and suicidal ideation among Dominicans in New York City.
J Immigr Minor Health 2017 Jun;19(3):616-22. doi: 10.1007/s10903-016-0477-0..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Depression, Behavioral Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Jutkowitz E, MacLehose RF, Gaugler JE
Risk factors associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioral trajectories of newly diagnosed dementia patients.
This study examined the effect of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors on cognitive, functional, and behavioral declines in incident dementia patients. Age of onset, region of residence, and history of hypertension and psychiatric problems predicted behaviors at diagnosis. Cognition explained changes in behavior. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical comorbidities predicted cognitive and functional changes. Only cognitive status explained behavioral decline.
AHRQ-funded; HS024165.
Citation: Jutkowitz E, MacLehose RF, Gaugler JE .
Risk factors associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioral trajectories of newly diagnosed dementia patients.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017 Feb;72(2):251-58. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw079.
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Keywords: Dementia, Elderly, Behavioral Health, Neurological Disorders, Risk, Social Determinants of Health