National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- (-) Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (4)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Falls (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Hospitals (2)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
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- Prevention (1)
- (-) Risk (4)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedMarafino BJ, Schuler A, Liu VX
Predicting preventable hospital readmissions with causal machine learning.
This study’s goal was to assess the feasibility and potential impact of predicting preventable hospital readmissions using causal machine learning applied to data from the implementation of a readmissions prevention intervention called the Transitions Program, which used electronic health records from Kaiser Permanent Northern California (KPNC). A total of 1,539,285 index hospitalizations meeting the inclusion criteria and occurring between June 2010 and December 2010 at 21 KPNC hospitals were analyzed. There was substantial heterogeneity in patients’ response to the intervention, with patients at somewhat lower risk appearing to have the largest predicted effects. The estimates appeared to be well calibrated. The results did suggest a mismatch between risk and treatment effects.
AHRQ-funded; HS022192.
Citation: Marafino BJ, Schuler A, Liu VX .
Predicting preventable hospital readmissions with causal machine learning.
Health Serv Res 2020 Dec;55(6):993-1002. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13586..
Keywords: Hospital Readmissions, Hospitals, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Risk
Trubiano JA, Vogrin S, Chua KYL
Development and validation of a penicillin allergy clinical decision rule.
Penicillin allergy is a significant public health issue for patients, antimicrobial stewardship programs, and health services. Validated clinical decision rules are urgently needed to identify low-risk penicillin allergies that potentially do not require penicillin skin testing by a specialist. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a penicillin allergy clinical decision rule that enables point-of-care risk assessment of patient-reported penicillin allergies.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Trubiano JA, Vogrin S, Chua KYL .
Development and validation of a penicillin allergy clinical decision rule.
JAMA Intern Med 2020 May;180(5):745-52. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0403..
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Risk
Dykes PC, Duckworth M, Cunningham S
Pilot testing Fall TIPS (Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety): a patient-centered fall prevention toolkit.
Patient falls during an acute hospitalization cause injury, reduced mobility, and increased costs. The laminated paper Fall TIPS Toolkit (Fall TIPS) provides clinical decision support at the bedside by linking each patient's fall risk assessment with evidence-based interventions. The investigators examined strategies to integrate this evidence into clinical practice. They concluded that engaging hospital and clinical leadership is critical in translating evidence-based care into clinical practice. They address and detail barriers to adoption of the protocol to provide guidance for spread to other institutions.
AHRQ-funded; HS025128.
Citation: Dykes PC, Duckworth M, Cunningham S .
Pilot testing Fall TIPS (Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety): a patient-centered fall prevention toolkit.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2017 Aug;43(8):403-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2017.05.002..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Shared Decision Making, Evidence-Based Practice, Falls, Hospitals, Injuries and Wounds, Inpatient Care, Patient Safety, Prevention, Risk, Tools & Toolkits
Le P, Martinez KA, Pappas MA
A decision model to estimate a risk threshold for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients.
To determine a threshold for prophylaxis based on risk of venous thromboembolism, the researchers constructed a decision model with a decision-tree following patients for 3 months after hospitalization, and a lifetime Markov model with 3-month cycles. They found that the prophylaxis threshold was relatively insensitive to low-molecular-weight heparin cost and bleeding risk, but very sensitive to patient age and life expectancy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022883.
Citation: Le P, Martinez KA, Pappas MA .
A decision model to estimate a risk threshold for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hospitalized medical patients.
J Thromb Haemost 2017 Jun;15(6):1132-41. doi: 10.1111/jth.13687.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Inpatient Care, Patient Safety, Risk