National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (2)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Asthma (1)
- Back Health and Pain (1)
- Behavioral Health (3)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Care Management (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- (-) Chronic Conditions (14)
- Community-Based Practice (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (3)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (2)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (6)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Home Healthcare (1)
- Low-Income (1)
- Medication (4)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Outcomes (6)
- Pain (4)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (3)
- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (14)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Patient Self-Management (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (2)
- Risk (2)
- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
- Skin Conditions (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Treatments (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedSingh SA, Bakshi N, Mahajan P
What is the future of patient-reported outcomes in sickle-cell disease?
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a complex, chronic disease caused by abnormal polymerization of hemoglobin, which leads to severe pain episodes, fatigue, and end-organ damage. Patient reported outcomes (PROs) have emerged as a critical tool for measuring SCD disease severity and response to treatment. In this study, the authors reviewed the key issues involved when deciding to use a PRO in a clinical trial. They described the most highly recommended generic and disease-specific PRO tools in SCD and discussed the challenges of incorporating them in clinical practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS024953; HS026622.
Citation: Singh SA, Bakshi N, Mahajan P .
What is the future of patient-reported outcomes in sickle-cell disease?
Expert Rev Hematol 2020 Nov;13(11):1165-73. doi: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1830370..
Keywords: Sickle Cell Disease, Pain, Quality of Life, Chronic Conditions, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Presley C, Agne A, Shelton T
Mobile-enhanced peer support for African Americans with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
This study compared the effectiveness of a community-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) plus mobile health (mHealth)-enhanced peer support intervention to community-based DSME alone for African American adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. This randomized controlled trial took place in Jefferson County, Alabama within a safety-net healthcare system with a group diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and hemoglobin A1C ≥ 7.5%. The intervention group reviewed community-based DSME plus 6 months of mHealth-enhanced peer support, including 12 weekly phone calls, then 3 monthly calls from community health workers. The control group received community based DSME only. Primary outcomes were lower A1C and secondary outcomes were lower diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy or confidence in their ability to manage diabetes, and social support. Of 120 participants selected, 97 completed the study. Both groups experienced clinical meaning reduction in A1C. Participants in the intervention group experienced a significantly larger reduction in diabetes distress compared to the control group.
AHRQ-funded; HS019465.
Citation: Presley C, Agne A, Shelton T .
Mobile-enhanced peer support for African Americans with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Oct;35(10):2889-96. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06011-w..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Self-Management, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Community-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Nayfe R, Chansard M, Hynan LS
Comparison of patient-reported outcomes measurement information system and legacy instruments in multiple domains among older veterans with chronic back pain.
This study evaluated construct (convergent and discriminant) validity and time to complete NIH's Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) as compared to legacy instruments. Results showed that, given time efficiency of using PROMIS, along with strong construct validity, PROMIS instruments are a practical choice for measuring multidimensional patient-reported outcomes in older Veterans with chronic low back pain for both research and clinical purposes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Nayfe R, Chansard M, Hynan LS .
Comparison of patient-reported outcomes measurement information system and legacy instruments in multiple domains among older veterans with chronic back pain.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020 Sep 8;21(1):598. doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-03587-6..
Keywords: Elderly, Back Health and Pain, Pain, Chronic Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Kirby JS, Butt M, King T
Severity and Area Score for Hidradenitis (SASH): a novel outcome measurement for hidradenitis suppurativa.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease with a large impact on patients' health-related quality of life. However, reliable and consistent outcome measures to assess body surface area (BSA) of HS have not been established. The objectives of this study were to develop and assess the reliability and validity of a novel outcome instrument for assessment of HS BSA in a clinical trial setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS024585.
Citation: Kirby JS, Butt M, King T .
Severity and Area Score for Hidradenitis (SASH): a novel outcome measurement for hidradenitis suppurativa.
Br J Dermatol 2020 Apr;182(4):940-48. doi: 10.1111/bjd.18244..
Keywords: Skin Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Dobler CC, Morrow AS, Beuschel B
Pharmacologic therapies in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
The authors evaluated the comparative effectiveness and adverse events of pharmacologic interventions for adults with exacerbation of COPD. Sixty-eight randomized controlled trials were selected for evaluation and data extraction. They found that antibiotics and systemic corticosteroids reduced treatment failure in adults with mild to severe exacerbation of COPD.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Dobler CC, Morrow AS, Beuschel B .
Pharmacologic therapies in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med 2020 Mar 17;172(6):413-23. doi: 10.7326/m19-3007..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Antibiotics, Treatments, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Wilson ME, Dobler CC, Morrow AS
Association of home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation with clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The association of home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) with outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypercapnia is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of home NIPPV via bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) devices and noninvasive home mechanical ventilator (HMV) devices with clinical outcomes and adverse events in patients with COPD and hypercapnia.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500013I.
Citation: Wilson ME, Dobler CC, Morrow AS .
Association of home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation with clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
JAMA 2020 Feb 4;323(5):455-65. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.22343..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Home Healthcare
McCoy RG, Lipska KJ, Van Houten HK
Paradox of glycemic management: multimorbidity, glycemic control, and high-risk medication use among adults with diabetes.
Researchers examined contemporary patterns of glycemic control and use of medications known to cause hypoglycemia among adults with diabetes across age and multimorbidity. They found that the proportion of patients achieving low HbA1c levels was highest among older and multimorbid patients. Older patients and patients with higher comorbidity burden were more likely to be treated with insulin to achieve these HbA1c levels despite the potential for hypoglycemia and uncertain long-term benefit.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: McCoy RG, Lipska KJ, Van Houten HK .
Paradox of glycemic management: multimorbidity, glycemic control, and high-risk medication use among adults with diabetes.
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020 Feb;8(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001007..
Keywords: Diabetes, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Evidence-Based Practice, Risk, Chronic Conditions
Bauer NS, Azer N, Sullivan PD
Acceptability of group visits for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in pediatric clinics.
The objective of the study was to describe the acceptability of ADHD group visits in busy pediatric clinics based on caregivers, child participants and facilitators. The authors found that the majority of comments from families and facilitators highlighted a variety of benefits of the use of a group visit model for ADHD chronic care. Despite systems-level barriers to implementation, families and facilitators felt the benefits outweighed the challenges.
AHRQ-funded; HS022434.
Citation: Bauer NS, Azer N, Sullivan PD .
Acceptability of group visits for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in pediatric clinics.
J Dev Behav Pediatr 2017 Oct;38(8):565-72. doi: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000492..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Chronic Conditions
Mentias A, Shantha G, Chaudhury P
Assessment of outcomes of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and multiple chronic conditions: a comparative effectiveness analysis.
The purpose of this retrospective comparative effectiveness analysis was to determine whether there are differences in efficacy and safety of dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and warfarin regarding stroke prevention and bleeding rates, respectively, in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with multiple chronic conditions (MCC). The investigators concluded that oral anticoagulants were similarly effective in stroke prevention among patients with AF with MCC. However, the indicate that dabigatran and rivaroxaban use may be associated with lower rates of mortality in patients with MCC.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Mentias A, Shantha G, Chaudhury P .
Assessment of outcomes of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and multiple chronic conditions: a comparative effectiveness analysis.
JAMA Netw Open 2018 Sep 7;1(5):e182870. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.2870..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Medication, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Chronic Conditions
Ivey SL, Shortell SM, Rodriguez HP
Patient engagement in ACO practices and patient-reported outcomes among adults with co-occurring chronic disease and mental health conditions.
The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which practices with patient-centered cultures, greater shared decision-making strategies, and better coordination among team members have better patient-reported outcomes for patients with diabetes and/or cardiovascular and comorbid mental health diagnoses. The study concluded that Accountable Care Organization patients with comorbid physical and mental health diagnoses report better physical functioning when practices have patient-centered cultures.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Ivey SL, Shortell SM, Rodriguez HP .
Patient engagement in ACO practices and patient-reported outcomes among adults with co-occurring chronic disease and mental health conditions.
Med Care 2018 Jul;56(7):551-56. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000927..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Behavioral Health, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
McKernan LC, Walsh CG, Reynolds WS
Psychosocial co-morbidities in Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS): a systematic review.
Psychosocial factors amplify symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis (IC/BPS). While psychosocial self-management is efficacious in other pain conditions, its impact on an IC/BPS population has rarely been studied. The objective of this review was to learn the prevalence and impact of psychosocial factors on IC/BPS, assess baseline psychosocial characteristics, and offer recommendations for assessment and treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: McKernan LC, Walsh CG, Reynolds WS .
Psychosocial co-morbidities in Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS): a systematic review.
Neurourol Urodyn 2018 Mar;37(3):926-41. doi: 10.1002/nau.23421..
Keywords: Pain, Anxiety, Depression, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Chronic Conditions
Klinge M, Coppler T, Liebschutz JM
The assessment and management of pain in cirrhosis.
The treatment of pain in patients with cirrhosis is complicated by unpredictable hepatic drug metabolism and a higher risk of adverse drug reactions. The researchers aimed to conduct a scoping review regarding pain management in cirrhosis. As with other populations, a multi-dimensional treatment approach to pain with a focus on physical, behavioral, procedural and pharmacologic treatment is recommended when caring for patients with cirrhosis and pain.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Klinge M, Coppler T, Liebschutz JM .
The assessment and management of pain in cirrhosis.
Curr Hepatol Rep 2018 Mar;17(1):42-51. doi: 10.1007/s11901-018-0389-7.
.
.
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Care Management, Chronic Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication, Pain, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Cardet JC, Louisias M, King TS
Income is an independent risk factor for worse asthma outcomes.
The authors investigated whether low income, low education, and high perceived stress were independent risk factors for treatment failure and asthma exacerbations in the context of a randomized controlled trial. They found that participants with lower income were more likely to experience adverse asthma outcomes independent of education, perceived stress, race, and medication adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Cardet JC, Louisias M, King TS .
Income is an independent risk factor for worse asthma outcomes.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018 Feb;141(2):754-60.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.036..
Keywords: Asthma, Chronic Conditions, Low-Income, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Social Determinants of Health
Senders A, Borgatti A, Hanes D
Association between pain and mindfulness in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional survey.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between pain interference and trait mindfulness in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The results suggest a clinically significant association between mindfulness and pain interference in MS and support further exploration of mindfulness-based interventions in the management of MS-related pain.
AHRQ-funded; HS017582.
Citation: Senders A, Borgatti A, Hanes D .
Association between pain and mindfulness in multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional survey.
Int J MS Care 2018 Jan-Feb;20(1):28-34. doi: 10.7224/1537-2073.2016-076.
.
.
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research