National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (6)
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- Diabetes (1)
- (-) Elderly (10)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
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- Pneumonia (2)
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- Risk (2)
- Sex Factors (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedZullo AR, Hersey M, Lee Y
Outcomes of "diabetes-friendly" vs "diabetes-unfriendly" beta-blockers in older nursing home residents with diabetes after acute myocardial infarction.
This study analyzed outcomes of using beta-blockers that are considered “diabetes-friendly” vs “diabetes-unfriendly” in older nursing home residents with diabetes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Primary outcomes included hospitalizations for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in the 90 days after AMI and secondary outcomes functional decline, death, all-cause re-hospitalization and fracture hospitalization. Out of 2855 nursing home residents with type-2 diabetes (T2D), 29% were prescribed a diabetes-friendly beta-blocker vs. 24% without. T2D medicine showed a reduction in hospitalization for hyperglycemia but was unassociated with hypoglycemia. For secondary outcomes T2D-friendly beta-blocks were associated with a greater rate of re-hospitalization but not death, functional decline, or fracture.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Zullo AR, Hersey M, Lee Y .
Outcomes of "diabetes-friendly" vs "diabetes-unfriendly" beta-blockers in older nursing home residents with diabetes after acute myocardial infarction.
Diabetes Obes Metab 2018 Dec;20(12):2724-32. doi: 10.1111/dom.13451..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Hospitalization, Medication, Nursing Homes, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Marcum ZA, Walker R, Bobb JF
Serum cholesterol and incident Alzheimer's disease: findings from the adult changes in thought study.
The purpose of this prospective population-based cohort study was to evaluate associations between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and non-HDL-C levels at specific ages and subsequent Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. The investigators concluded that people with low (120 mg/dL) and high (210 mg/dL) non-HDL-C levels during their 60s and 70s had modestly higher risk of AD than those with intermediate (160 mg/dL) levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Marcum ZA, Walker R, Bobb JF .
Serum cholesterol and incident Alzheimer's disease: findings from the adult changes in thought study.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec;66(12):2344-52. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15581..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Dementia, Elderly, Risk
Kenzik KM, Mehta A, Richman JS
Congestive heart failure in older adults diagnosed with follicular lymphoma: a population-based study.
This population-based study examined congestive heart failure in older adults diagnosed with follicular lymphoma. The investigators concluded that patients with follicular lymphoma who were exposed to anthracyclines between the ages of 66 years and 75 years were found to be at an increased risk of new-onset CHF; preexisting hypertension and diabetes appeared to increase this risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Mehta A, Richman JS .
Congestive heart failure in older adults diagnosed with follicular lymphoma: a population-based study.
Cancer 2018 Nov 1;124(21):4221-30. doi: 10.1002/cncr.31695..
Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Heart Disease and Health
Desai NR, Ott LS, George EJ
Variation in and hospital characteristics associated with the value of care for Medicare beneficiaries with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the association between hospital-level 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates (RSMRs) and 30-day risk-standardized payments (RSPs) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), and pneumonia (PNA); to characterize patterns of value in care; and to identify hospital characteristics associated with high-value care (defined by having lower than median RSMRs and RSPs).
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Desai NR, Ott LS, George EJ .
Variation in and hospital characteristics associated with the value of care for Medicare beneficiaries with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia.
JAMA Netw Open 2018 Oct 5;1(6):e183519. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3519..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Heart Disease and Health, Inpatient Care, Medicare, Mortality, Pneumonia
Rymer JA, Chen AY, Thomas L
Advanced practice provider versus physician-only outpatient follow-up after acute myocardial infarction.
This study examines the prevalence of using advanced practice providers (APPs) for care following myocardial infarction as opposed to physicians due to physician shortages and reimbursement changes. Outpatient cardiology or primary care visits within 90 days of MI among 29,477 Medicare-insured patients aged 65 or older from 364 hospitals were examined from data in the Acute Coronary Treatment Intervention Outcomes Network Registry. Medicare adherence, all-cause readmission risk, mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events were compared for patients seen by APPs versus physicians only. Patients seen by APPs were more likely to have diabetes mellitus, heart failure, be discharged to a nursing facility, and had more outpatient visits. There was no differences in the factors listed between patients seen by APPs or physicians. Patients seen by APPs were in more need of frequent monitoring and were more likely to have other chronic conditions leading to higher risk of post-MI complications.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Rymer JA, Chen AY, Thomas L .
Advanced practice provider versus physician-only outpatient follow-up after acute myocardial infarction.
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Sep 4;7(17):e008481. doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.008481..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Medicare, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Registries
Thompson MP, Cabrera L, Strobel RJ
Association between postoperative pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery.
Postoperative pneumonia is the most common healthcare-associated infection in cardiac surgical patients, yet their impact across a 90-day episode of care remains unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery. The investigators concluded that postoperative pneumonia was associated with significantly higher 90-day episode payments and inferior outcomes at the patient and hospital level.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Thompson MP, Cabrera L, Strobel RJ .
Association between postoperative pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018 Sep;11(9):e004818. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.004818..
Keywords: Elderly, Surgery, Medicare, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Pneumonia, Payment, Healthcare Costs, Outcomes, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Health Insurance
Angraal S, Khera R, Wang Y
Sex and race differences in the utilization and outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting among Medicare beneficiaries, 1999-2014.
The authors sought to evaluate how the use of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and its outcomes have evolved in different sex and racial subgroups. Using Medicare data, they found that women and black patients had persistently higher CABG mortality than men and white patients, respectively, despite greater declines over the time period. The authors conclude that these findings indicate progress, but further progress is needed.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Angraal S, Khera R, Wang Y .
Sex and race differences in the utilization and outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting among Medicare beneficiaries, 1999-2014.
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Jul 12;7(14). doi: 10.1161/jaha.118.009014..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Utilization, Medicare, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors
Sterling MR, Lin FR, Jannat-Khah DP
Hearing loss among older adults with heart failure in the United States: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
The researchers examined the prevalence and correlates of hearing loss among older adults with and without heart failure (HF) in the United States. Overall, 75 percent of adults 70 years or older with HF have hearing loss. Although hearing loss was more common among adults with HF compared with those without it, HF was not independently associated with hearing loss after accounting for demographic and clinical characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Sterling MR, Lin FR, Jannat-Khah DP .
Hearing loss among older adults with heart failure in the United States: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Mar;144(3):273-75. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2017.2979.
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Keywords: Elderly, Health Status, Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Chen LM, Levine DA, Hayward R
Relationship between hospital 30-day mortality rates for heart failure and patterns of early inpatient comfort care.
This study describes the use of early comfort care for patients with heart failure (HF), and whether hospitals that more commonly initiate comfort care have higher 30-day mortality rates. It found that hospital use of early comfort care for HF varies, has not increased over time, and on average, is not correlated with 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS020671.
Citation: Chen LM, Levine DA, Hayward R .
Relationship between hospital 30-day mortality rates for heart failure and patterns of early inpatient comfort care.
J Hosp Med 2018 Mar;13(3):170-76. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2862.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Inpatient Care, Mortality, Palliative Care
Likosky DS, Van Parys J, Zhou W
Association between Medicare expenditure growth and mortality rates in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comparison from 1999 through 2014.
This study assessed whether components of growth in Medicare expenditures are associated with mortality rates between January 1, 1999, and June 30, 2014, for beneficiaries hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction. It found that the growth in early percutaneous coronary intervention exhibited a negative association with 180-day case fatality. Spending on cardiac procedures was positively associated with 180-day mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Likosky DS, Van Parys J, Zhou W .
Association between Medicare expenditure growth and mortality rates in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comparison from 1999 through 2014.
JAMA Cardiol 2018 Feb;3(2):114-22. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2017.4771.
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Keywords: Elderly, Medicare, Heart Disease and Health, Mortality, Outcomes