National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Alcohol Use (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Community-Based Practice (1)
- Community Partnerships (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Health Promotion (1)
- Labor and Delivery (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- (-) Obesity (5)
- Obesity: Weight Management (2)
- Pregnancy (1)
- (-) Prevention (5)
- Primary Care (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (2)
- Screening (1)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedPayán DD, Derose KP, Flórez KR
The food environment in 3 neighborhoods in South Los Angeles, California: access, availability, quality, and marketing practices.
The authors developed a mapping component as part of a multilevel church-based intervention that used community-based participatory research to prevent obesity in African American and Latino churches in South Los Angeles. They developed neighborhood maps of local food environments and provided churches with standardized information on food access, availability, quality, and marketing practices. Including several tables as well as discussion, they stated that local food environment maps that are paired with data can inform community-based strategies to prevent obesity and food insecurity.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Payán DD, Derose KP, Flórez KR .
The food environment in 3 neighborhoods in South Los Angeles, California: access, availability, quality, and marketing practices.
Prev Chronic Dis 2020 Jul 16;17:E61. doi: 10.5888/pcd17.200028.
.
.
Keywords: Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Prevention, Prevention, Community Partnerships, Community-Based Practice, Nutrition
Flórez KR, Payán DD, Palar K
Church-based interventions to address obesity among African Americans and Latinos in the United States: a systematic review.
This systematic literature review examined the impact of multilevel church-based interventions to address racial/ethnic disparities in obesity in the US. The review identified 43 relevant articles using systematic review methods developed by the CDC’s Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Although 81% of the studies reported significant results, effective size was reported or could only be calculated in 56% of the cases. A lack of diversity among the samples was also found with few studies involving Latinos, men, young adults, or children. Few interventions were actually multilevel in nature or incorporated strategies at the church or community. Greater diversity is needed in future church-based interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Flórez KR, Payán DD, Palar K .
Church-based interventions to address obesity among African Americans and Latinos in the United States: a systematic review.
Nutr Rev 2020 Apr;78(4):304-22. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz046..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Disparities, Health Promotion, Prevention
Carlson NS, Breman R, Neal JL
Preventing cesarean birth in women with obesity: influence of unit-level midwifery presence on use of cesarean among women in the Consortium on Safe Labor data set.
The primary goal of this study was to examine associations between midwifery unit-level presence and unplanned cesarean birth in women with different body mass index (BMI) ranges. Data from the Consortium on Safe Labor was used to analyze information on low-risk, healthy women who labored and gave birth in medical centers with or without the unit-level presence of midwives. Results indicate that the odds of unplanned cesarean birth among women who gave birth in centers with midwives were 16% lower than the odds of cesarean birth among similar women who gave birth at centers without midwives. However, women whose BMI was above 35.00 kg/m at labor admission had similar odds of cesarean birth, regardless of unit-level midwifery presence. Although integration of midwives into the caregiving environment of medical centers in the United States was associated with overall decrease in the incidence of cesarean birth, increased maternal BMI nevertheless remained positively associated with these outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024733
Citation: Carlson NS, Breman R, Neal JL .
Preventing cesarean birth in women with obesity: influence of unit-level midwifery presence on use of cesarean among women in the Consortium on Safe Labor data set.
J Midwifery Womens Health 2020 Jan;65(1):22-32. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.13022..
Keywords: Labor and Delivery, Pregnancy, Obesity, Women, Prevention, Maternal Care
Shafer PR, Borsky A, Ngo-Metzger Q
AHRQ Author: Shafer PR, Borsky A, Ngo-Metzger Q, Miller T, Meyers D
The practice gap: national estimates of screening and counseling for alcohol, tobacco, and obesity.
The authors of this study estimated screening and counseling rates for tobacco and alcohol use, and obesity by using a nationally representative sample of adults aged 35 years and older. Receipt of the recommended level of services ranged from nearly two-thirds for obesity and tobacco use to less than half for alcohol misuse. The authors conclude that care delivery shows significant room for improvement, but primary care practices may need additional resources to raise their screening and counseling rates.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Shafer PR, Borsky A, Ngo-Metzger Q .
The practice gap: national estimates of screening and counseling for alcohol, tobacco, and obesity.
Ann Fam Med 2019 Mar;17(2):161-63. doi: 10.1370/afm.2363..
Keywords: Alcohol Use, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Prevention, Primary Care, Screening, Substance Abuse, Tobacco Use
Bramante CT, Thornton RLJ, Bennett WL
Systematic review of natural experiments for childhood obesity prevention and control.
This article reviews the effectiveness of population-level policies and programs from natural experiments for childhood obesity prevention. A search of PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EconLit from 2000 to 2017 sought studies about policies evaluated by natural experiments reporting childhood BMI outcomes. Interventions were classified by environmental focus and stratified by setting; risk of bias was evaluated for each study. Most of the studies evaluated took place in a school setting. The most common environmental focus in any setting was food/beverage. All four of the studies that focused on food/beverage and physical activity in schools showed decreased prevalence of overweight/obesity in the subjects. BMI decreased in all four studies in both school and community settings. The authors note that while school-based policies focusing on both food/beverage and physical activity environments showed consistent improvement in BMI, most of these studies had high risk of bias. Improved methods for the evaluation of natural experiments for childhood obesity prevention are needed.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200007I.
Citation: Bramante CT, Thornton RLJ, Bennett WL .
Systematic review of natural experiments for childhood obesity prevention and control.
Am J Prev Med 2019 Jan;56(1):147-58. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.08.023..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Prevention