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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedAndrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
This retrospective cohort study used 2013-2014 MarketScan Medicaid data to compare administrative claims-based risk predictors of emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric asthma. The cohort included were children aged 2 to 17 years. Seven risk predictors were compared for 3-month subsequent ED visits/hospitalizations: 3-month rolling asthma medication ratio (AMR), Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria, revised HEDIS criteria, quarterly short-acting β-agonist (SABA) claims, prior ED visit, prior hospitalization, and prior ED visit or hospitalization. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), and percentage of population identified as high risk were compared for each risk predictor utilization the McNemar test. Cohort total population was 214,452 children with a mean age of 7.8 years. HEDIS and revised HEDIS identified prohibitively large cohorts as high-risk (67% and 48%). For the remaining measures, the NPV range was 97% to 99%, indicating high performance at identifying patients who would not benefit from intervention using AMR and SABA count. Superior sensitivities were found for ED visit and ED/hospitalization measures compared with pharmacy claims-based measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026783.
Citation: Andrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN .
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
Am J Manag Care 2021 Dec;27(12):533-37. doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88792..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk
Weekes AJ, Raper JD, Lupez K
Development and validation of a prognostic tool: pulmonary embolism short-term clinical outcomes risk estimation (PE-SCORE).
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a prognostic model for clinical deterioration or death within days of pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis using point-of-care criteria. In this study, the investigators used prospective registry data from six emergency departments. The primary composite outcome was death or deterioration (respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, new dysrhythmia, sustained hypotension, and rescue reperfusion intervention) within 5 days.
AHRQ-funded; HS025979.
Citation: Weekes AJ, Raper JD, Lupez K .
Development and validation of a prognostic tool: pulmonary embolism short-term clinical outcomes risk estimation (PE-SCORE).
PLoS One 2021 Nov 18;16(11):e0260036. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260036..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Risk, Outcomes
Miller AC, Arakkal AT, Koeneman S
Incidence, duration and risk factors associated with delayed and missed diagnostic opportunities related to tuberculosis: a population-based longitudinal study.
Missed opportunities to diagnose tuberculosis are costly to patients and society. In this retrospective cohort study, the investigators (1) estimated the frequency and duration of diagnostic delays among patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and (2) determined the risk factors for experiencing a diagnostic delay. The investigators found that many patients with tuberculosis experience multiple missed diagnostic opportunities prior to diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS027375.
Citation: Miller AC, Arakkal AT, Koeneman S .
Incidence, duration and risk factors associated with delayed and missed diagnostic opportunities related to tuberculosis: a population-based longitudinal study.
BMJ Open 2021 Feb 18;11(2):e045605. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045605..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Risk
Turi KN, Gebretsadik T, Ding T
Dose, timing, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma.
The potential for prenatal antibiotic exposure to influence asthma risk is not clear. The investigators aimed to determine the effect of timing, dose, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure on the risk of childhood asthma. The investigators concluded that increased cumulative dose, early pregnancy first course, and broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure were associated with childhood asthma risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395; HS018454.
Citation: Turi KN, Gebretsadik T, Ding T .
Dose, timing, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Feb 1;72(3):455-62. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa085.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Antibiotics, Medication, Risk
Sabbagh SE, Neely J, Chow A
Risk factors associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in juvenile myositis in North America.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in adult myositis patients; however, there are few studies examining PJP in juvenile myositis [juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (JIIM)]. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors and clinical phenotypes associated with PJP in JIIM. The investigators concluded that having PJP was associated with more immunosuppressive therapy, anti-MDA5 autoantibodies, Asian race and certain clinical features, including digital infarcts, cutaneous ulcerations and interstitial lung disease.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Sabbagh SE, Neely J, Chow A .
Risk factors associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in juvenile myositis in North America.
Rheumatology 2021 Feb;60(2):829-36. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa436..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Risk