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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- (-) COVID-19 (5)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedDikranian L, Barry S, Ata A
Sars-CoV-2 with concurrent respiratory viral infection as a risk factor for a higher level of care in hospitalized pediatric patients.
This study’s objective was to evaluate if the presence of concurrent respiratory viral infections in pediatric patients admitted to the hospital with SARS-CoV-2 was associated with an increased rate of ICU level of care. Data from 67 participating hospitals was provided through The Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Network Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study database. A total of 922 patients were included, with 391 requiring ICU level care and 31 having concurrent non-SARS-CoV-2 viral coinfection. After accounting for age, positive blood culture, positive sputum culture, preexisting chronic medical conditions, the presence of a viral respiratory coinfection was associated with increased need for ICU care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026485.
Citation: Dikranian L, Barry S, Ata A .
Sars-CoV-2 with concurrent respiratory viral infection as a risk factor for a higher level of care in hospitalized pediatric patients.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2022 Sep;38(9):472-76. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002814..
Keywords: COVID-19, Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Risk
Robinson LA, Eber MR, Hammitt JK
Valuing COVID-19 morbidity risk reductions.
The authors described and implemented an approach for approximating the value of averting nonfatal illnesses or injuries and applied it to COVID-19 in the United States. They estimated gains from averting COVID-19 morbidity of about 0.01 quality-adjusted life year (QALY) per mild case averted, 0.02 QALY per severe case, and 3.15 QALYs per critical case. They indicated that these gains translate into monetary values of about $5,300 per mild case, $11,000 per severe case, and $1.8 million per critical case.
AHRQ-funded; HS000055.
Citation: Robinson LA, Eber MR, Hammitt JK .
Valuing COVID-19 morbidity risk reductions.
J Benefit Cost Anal 2022 Summer;13(2):247-68. doi: 10.1017/bca.2022.11.
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Keywords: COVID-19, Risk, Healthcare Costs
Dube WC, Kellogg JT, Adams C
Quantifying risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection among nursing home workers for the 2020-2021 winter surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia, USA.
This study’s objective was to estimate incidence of risks for COVID-19 infection among nursing home staff in the state of Georgia during the 2020-2021 Winter surge in the US. Staff at fourteen nursing homes were given a survey and serologic testing at 2 time points with 3-month interval exposure assessment. At the first time point, 203 study eligible contracted or employed staff members from these participating nursing homes were seronegative. At the second time point, 72 (35.5%) had evidence of interval infection. Among unvaccinated staff, infection rates were significantly higher among nurses and certified nursing assistants accounting for race and interval infection incidence in both the community and facility.
AHRQ-funded; HS025987.
Citation: Dube WC, Kellogg JT, Adams C .
Quantifying risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection among nursing home workers for the 2020-2021 winter surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia, USA.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022 Jun;23(6):942-46.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.02.014..
Keywords: COVID-19, Nursing Homes, Provider: Health Personnel, Risk, Public Health
Chu DK, Abrams EM, Golden BK
Risk of second allergic reaction to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of case studies and case reports was to assess the risk of severe immediate allergic reactions to a second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in people who experienced an immediate allergic reaction to the first dose. The researchers evaluated the World Health Organization Global Coronavirus database, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase from the date of inception through October 4th, 2021. The main outcomes and measures were a risk of severe immediate allergic reaction and repeated severe immediate allergic reactions with a second vaccine dose. The study found that among 22 studies of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, 1366 individuals had immediate allergic reactions to their first vaccination. Of these, 87.8% were women with a mean age of 46.1 years. Six patients developed severe immediate allergic reactions after their second vaccination, 232 developed mild symptoms, and 1360 tolerated the dose. Among 78 persons with severe immediate allergic reactions to their first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, 4 people had a second severe immediate reaction, and 15 had non-severe symptoms. There were no deaths. The study concluded that in a supervised setting equipped to manage severe allergic reactions, revaccination of individuals with an immediate allergic reaction to a first SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose can be safe.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Chu DK, Abrams EM, Golden BK .
Risk of second allergic reaction to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
JAMA Intern Med 2022 Apr;182(4):376-85. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.8515..
Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccination, Risk, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Kamran F, Tang S, Otles E
Early identification of patients admitted to hospital for covid-19 at risk of clinical deterioration: model development and multisite external validation study.
The authors sought to create and validate a simple and transferable machine learning model from electronic health record data to accurately predict clinical deterioration in patients with COVID-19 across institutions, through use of a novel paradigm for model development and code sharing. They determined that a model to predict clinical deterioration was developed rapidly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic at a single hospital, was applied externally without the sharing of data, and performed well across multiple medical centers, patient subgroups, and time periods, showing its potential as a tool for use in optimizing healthcare resources.
AHRQ-funded; HS028038.
Citation: Kamran F, Tang S, Otles E .
Early identification of patients admitted to hospital for covid-19 at risk of clinical deterioration: model development and multisite external validation study.
BMJ 2022 Feb 17;376:e068576. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068576..
Keywords: COVID-19, Hospitalization, Risk, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)