National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Arthritis (1)
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- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
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- Children/Adolescents (3)
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- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
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- (-) Registries (10)
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- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Stroke (1)
- Surgery (2)
- Transplantation (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedOke I, Hall N, Elze T
Adjustable suture technique is associated with fewer strabismus reoperations in the Intelligent Research in Sight Registry.
This study compared the reoperation rates of patients who underwent strabismus surgery during the first year with or without the adjustable suture technique. This retrospective cohort study looked at a total of 34,872 patients who underwent strabismus surgery with 72% undergoing horizontal muscle surgery, 17% vertical muscle surgery, and 11% combined horizonal and vertical muscle surgery. Adjustable suture surgery rates were 18% of surgeries. The overall 1-year reoperation rate was 7.7%, with 6.0% for patients treated with adjustable sutures and 8.1% for patients treated without adjustable sutures. There was a statistically significant 30% decrease in the odds of 1-year reoperation when adjustable sutures were used, a 40% increase in those with a history of prior strabismus surgery, and a 9% increase per decade of age at surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Hall N, Elze T .
Adjustable suture technique is associated with fewer strabismus reoperations in the Intelligent Research in Sight Registry.
Ophthalmology 2022 Sep;129(9):1028-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.04.021..
Keywords: Surgery, Registries
Israni AK, Schladt D, Bruin MJ
Deconstructing silos of knowledge around lung transplantation to support patients: a patient-specific search of scientific registry of transplant recipients data.
This article describes the development of the web site www.transplantcentersearch.org intended to support lung transplant patients by providing program-level data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) on each program in the United States. There is a high level of variation in selection criteria and although nearly half of recipients reside within 50 miles of their transplant program, >30% travel 100 miles or more. The web site allows patients to search for programs in the area of their choosing and receive information on the number of transplants and program factors that are most predictive of recipient survival after listing. Patients can also review information on recipients and donors at each program to further differentiate program options. This feature is patient-specific, allowing the patient to enter information about their clinical background and indicate general preferences for their treatment before receiving counts on recipients and donors matching their entries. The development of the site involved 2 phases. In Phase I the authors examined variations between programs using data on waitlist and transplant outcomes from the SRTR. Phase II involved interviews and focus groups with transplant candidates, recipients, and family members to gain insight into the decision-making process, barriers, and knowledge groups. In the future randomized trials will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the web site.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Israni AK, Schladt D, Bruin MJ .
Deconstructing silos of knowledge around lung transplantation to support patients: a patient-specific search of scientific registry of transplant recipients data.
Transplantation 2022 Aug;106(8):1517-19. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004051..
Keywords: Transplantation, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Kumamaru H, Jalbert JJ, Nguyen LL
Utility of automated data-adaptive propensity score method for confounding by indication in comparative effectiveness study in real world Medicare and registry data.
The authors assessed the utility of an automated data-adaptive analytic approach for confounding adjustment when both claims and clinical registry data are available. Using a comparative study example of carotid artery stenting vs. carotid endarterectomy with strong confounding by indication, they found that the automated data-adaptive propensity score performed better than the investigator-specified propensity score in general, but both claims and registry data were needed to adequately control for bias.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050016I.
Citation: Kumamaru H, Jalbert JJ, Nguyen LL .
Utility of automated data-adaptive propensity score method for confounding by indication in comparative effectiveness study in real world Medicare and registry data.
PLoS One 2022 Aug;17(8):e0272975. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272975..
Keywords: Registries, Comparative Effectiveness, Research Methodologies, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Perlin J, Sands K, Meyers D
AHRQ Author: Meyers D
Harnessing COVID-19 data through collaboration-rhe Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation.
This article describes the rapid initiation of a COVID-19 research consortium known as CHARGE (Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation), a multi-institution research partnership in conjunction AHRQ, and its resulting application of the learning health system model. HCA Healthcare developed a curated registry of data during the care of
121, 000 inpatients with COVID-19 in 2020, and AHRQ, along with other partners, helped guide the development of CHARGE to facilitate external researchers using registry data to expand evidence regarding the best management of COVID-19. While HCA Healthcare retained full control of its registry data sets and their use, consortium members were provided academic freedom to conduct approved studies. Through the process, 10 research projects were approved through March 2022. Topics included therapeutic efficacy, health equity, risk stratification, operation efficiency, and predictive models for COVID-19 outcomes. Operational support for all workgroups, including database management, subject matter expertise, legal and privacy consultation, and other support, was provided by HCA Healthcare. The researchers concluded that the development of CHARGE facilitated the development of research partnerships and data solutions to utilize immense amounts of health care data collected during the care of a large influx of critically ill patients.
121, 000 inpatients with COVID-19 in 2020, and AHRQ, along with other partners, helped guide the development of CHARGE to facilitate external researchers using registry data to expand evidence regarding the best management of COVID-19. While HCA Healthcare retained full control of its registry data sets and their use, consortium members were provided academic freedom to conduct approved studies. Through the process, 10 research projects were approved through March 2022. Topics included therapeutic efficacy, health equity, risk stratification, operation efficiency, and predictive models for COVID-19 outcomes. Operational support for all workgroups, including database management, subject matter expertise, legal and privacy consultation, and other support, was provided by HCA Healthcare. The researchers concluded that the development of CHARGE facilitated the development of research partnerships and data solutions to utilize immense amounts of health care data collected during the care of a large influx of critically ill patients.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Perlin J, Sands K, Meyers D .
Harnessing COVID-19 data through collaboration-rhe Consortium of HCA Healthcare and Academia for Research Generation.
JAMA Health Forum 2022 May 6;3(5):e220874. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.0874..
Keywords: COVID-19, Learning Health Systems, Health Systems, Registries
Capone CA, Emerson B, Sweberg T
Intubation practice and outcomes among pediatric emergency departments: a report from National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS).
The purpose of this study was to describe Tracheal Intubation (TI) practice and outcomes in pediatric Emergency Departments as compared to those in intensive care units (ICUs) and use the resulting data to identify targets for quality improvement. The researchers analyzed consecutive TI encounters from pediatric EDs and ICUs in the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS) database from 2015 to 2018. The study found a total of 12,512 TIs in 51 pediatric/cardiac ICUs, and 756 TIs in 13 pediatric EDs and were reported. Proportion of TIs for shock (26% ED vs. 14% ICU), respiratory decompensation (52% vs. 64%), and neurologic deterioration (30% vs. 11%) also differed by location. Limited neck mobility was reported more often in the ED (16% vs. 6%). TIs in the ED were performed more often via video laryngoscopy (64% vs. 29%). Oxygen desaturation was less commonly reported in ED TIs (13.6%) than ICU TIs (17%). Among ED TIs, shock as an indication and limited mouth opening were independently associated with adverse TI-associated events (TIAEs). The study concluded that TI characteristics vary between pediatric EDs and ICUs, yet outcomes are similar.
AHRQ-funded; HS022464.
Citation: Capone CA, Emerson B, Sweberg T .
Intubation practice and outcomes among pediatric emergency departments: a report from National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS).
Acad Emerg Med 2022 Apr;29(4):406-14. doi: 10.1111/acem.14431..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Yan Z, Nielsen V, Song G
Integration of regional hospitalizations, registry and vital statistics data for development of a single statewide ischemic stroke database.
The scope of population-based studies is often limited because databases rarely include detailed clinical variables and vital statistics such as death rates. The study team demonstrated a comprehensive process for integrating three clinical variable, vital statistics, and hospitalization databases into one single, statewide, ischemic stroke database. Using databases spanning 2007-2017, the authors identified and validated linkages between stroke admissions in a hospitalization database (47,713 admissions) and admissions in the stroke registry (43,487 admissions), resulting in 38,493 linked cases (80.7% of total cases) of which 95% were validated. Of the 38,493 linked cases, the authors linked 10,660 to deaths from the vital statistics database, resulting in a comprehensive assessment of cumulative mortality from ischemic strokes over a 7-year period among all registry-linked ischemic stroke hospitalization records. The authors concluded that comprehensive, accurate integration of the clinical registry, statewide hospitalizations, and vital statistics databases is achievable, and may have value for outcomes research on a larger scale.
AHRQ-funded; HS024561.
Citation: Yan Z, Nielsen V, Song G .
Integration of regional hospitalizations, registry and vital statistics data for development of a single statewide ischemic stroke database.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022 Mar;31(3):106236. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106236..
Keywords: Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Registries
de Loizaga SR, Schneider K, Beck AF
Socioeconomic impact on outcomes during the first year of life of patients with single ventricle heart disease: an analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative Registry.
In a retrospective cohort analysis of infants enrolled in the National Pediatric Cardiology Improvement Collaborative, researchers investigated the impact of community-level deprivation on morbidity and mortality for infants with single ventricle heart disease in the first year of life. They found that community deprivation was associated with mortality and length of stay for patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease. While patients near the mean deprivation index had a higher hazard of one year mortality compared to those at the extremes of the deprivation index, length of stay and deprivation index were linearly associated, demonstrating the complex nature of socioeconomic factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS021114.
Citation: de Loizaga SR, Schneider K, Beck AF .
Socioeconomic impact on outcomes during the first year of life of patients with single ventricle heart disease: an analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative Registry.
Pediatr Cardiol 2022 Mar;43(3):605-15. doi: 10.1007/s00246-021-02763-2..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Cardiovascular Conditions, Registries, Outcomes
Izadi Z, Schmajuk G, Gianfrancesco M
Significant gains in rheumatoid arthritis quality measures among RISE Registry practices.
This study examined performance on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) quality measures and assessed the association between practice characteristics and changes in performance over time among participating practices. The authors analyzed data from practices enrolled in the American College of Rheumatology Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry from 2015 to 2017. Eight quality measures in the areas of RA disease management, cardiovascular risk reduction, and patient safety were analyzed. Data from 59,986 patients from 54 practices were examined. Cohort characteristics were a mean age of 62 years, 77% female, 69% Caucasian, and most patients (46%) were seen in a single-specialty group practice. Measures related to RA functional status and disease activity assessment improved over time, with single-specialty group practices having the fastest rates of improvement across all measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS025638; HS024412.
Citation: Izadi Z, Schmajuk G, Gianfrancesco M .
Significant gains in rheumatoid arthritis quality measures among RISE Registry practices.
Arthritis Care Res 2022 Feb;74(2):219-28. doi: 10.1002/acr.24444..
Keywords: Arthritis, Chronic Conditions, Quality Measures, Quality Indicators (QIs), Registries, Quality of Care
Roberson ML, Nichols HB, Wheeler
Validity of breast cancer surgery treatment information in a state-based cancer registry.
Surgery is an important part of early stage breast cancer treatment that affects overall survival. Statewide cancer registries contain data on first course of cancer treatment for all patients diagnosed with cancer but the accuracy of these data are uncertain. In this study, the authors examined validity of breast cancer surgery treatment information in a state-based cancer registry.
AHRQ-funded; HS027299.
Citation: Roberson ML, Nichols HB, Wheeler .
Validity of breast cancer surgery treatment information in a state-based cancer registry.
Cancer Causes Control 2022 Feb;33(2):261-69. doi: 10.1007/s10552-021-01520-3..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Surgery, Registries
Bhalala US, Gist KM, Tripathi S
Characterization and outcomes of hospitalized children with coronavirus disease 2019: a report from a multicenter, viral infection and respiratory illness universal study (Coronavirus Disease 2019) registry.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine data from the Society of Critical Care Medicine Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study (Coronavirus Disease 2019) registry and describe the characteristics, ICU admissions, and outcomes in children hospitalized with COVID-19. The study included 874 children under the age of 18 hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 at 51 participating hospital centers from February 2020 to January 2021. The primary outcome was ICU admission. Secondary outcomes included hospital and ICU duration of stay and ICU, hospital, and 28-day mortality. The researchers found that the median age was 8 years, with 62.9% non-Hispanic and a boy to girl ratio of 1:2. A total of 28.2% of the children met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and 46.2% were admitted to the ICU. A child’s age, the presence of a fever, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and pre-existing seizure disorder were independently associated with a greater odds of ICU admission. The rate of hospital mortality for this group was 1.8%. The median duration of ICU stay was 3.9 days and the median duration of hospital stay was 4 days. For those patients with 28-day data, the survival rate was 86.3%. The researchers concluded that in this study, older age, fever, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and seizure disorder were independently related with ICU admission.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393; HS026485.
Citation: Bhalala US, Gist KM, Tripathi S .
Characterization and outcomes of hospitalized children with coronavirus disease 2019: a report from a multicenter, viral infection and respiratory illness universal study (Coronavirus Disease 2019) registry.
Crit Care Med 2022 Jan;50(1):e40-e51. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005232..
Keywords: COVID-19, Children/Adolescents, Registries, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Inpatient Care