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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 1 of 1 Research Studies DisplayedChou R, Spencer H, Bougatsos C
Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This article updates research used in the 2019 US Preventive Services Task Force final recommendation on use of oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV in adults at increased risk. The summary includes newer PrEP regimens that were not available for the 2019 final recommendation. A literature review was conducted that included randomized clinical trials of PrEP vs placebo or no PrEP or newer vs older PrEP regimens and diagnostic accuracy studies of instruments for predicting incident HIV infection. Thirty-two studies were included in the review (20 randomized clinical trials [n = 36,543] and 12 studies of diagnostic accuracy [n = 5,544,500]). Eleven trials in the 2019 review found oral PrEP associated with decreased HIV infection risk vs placebo or no PrEP. One new trial (n = 5335) found oral tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (TAF/FTC) to be noninferior to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) in men who have sex with men. Two new trials found long-acting injectable cabotegravir associated with decreased risk of HIV infection vs oral TDF/FTC in cisgender men who have sex with men and transgender women [n = 4490] and RR, 0.11 in cisgender women [n = 3178]). Discrimination of instruments for predicting incident HIV infection was found to be moderate in men who have sex with men (5 studies; n = 25,488) and moderate to high in general populations of persons without HIV (2 studies; n = 5,477,291).
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00006.
Citation: Chou R, Spencer H, Bougatsos C .
Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2023 Aug 22; 330(8):746-63. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.9865..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Medication, Evidence-Based Practice