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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedCampbell JI, Tabatneck M, Wilt GE
Area-based sociodemographic factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in a low-prevalence setting.
Researchers evaluated associations between census tract poverty, crowding, foreign-born population, and the CDC's Social Vulnerability Index (CDC-SVI) ranking and tuberculosis (TB) infection in children tested for TB infection in Boston, MA. Their findings indicated that census tract poverty was associated with increased odds of TB infection; in separate models, increasing CDC-SVI ranking was also associated with increased odds of TB infection. The researchers concluded that these findings suggest area-based sociodemographic factors may be valuable for characterizing TB infection risk and defining social ecology of pediatric TB infection in low-burden settings
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Campbell JI, Tabatneck M, Wilt GE .
Area-based sociodemographic factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in a low-prevalence setting.
Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023 Sep 6; 109(3):595-99. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0788..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Infectious Diseases
Rao S, Armistead I, Tyler A
Respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalizations in children in Colorado during the 2021-2022 respiratory virus season.
This study compared demographic characteristics, clinical features, and outcomes of children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 during their cocirculation 2021-2022 respiratory virus season. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using Colorado's hospital respiratory surveillance data comparing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-, influenza-, and RSV-hospitalized cases < 18 years of age admitted and undergoing standardized molecular testing between October 1, 2021, and April 30, 2022. The cohort consisted of 847 hospitalized cases, of which 490 (57.9%) were RSV associated, 306 (36.1%) were COVID-19 associated, and 51 (6%) were influenza associated. Most RSV cases were children less than 4 years of age (92.9%), whereas influenza hospitalizations were observed in older children. RSV cases were more likely to require oxygen support higher than nasal cannula compared with COVID-19 and influenza cases, although COVID-19 cases were more likely to require invasive mechanical ventilation than influenza and RSV cases. Compared with children with COVID-19, the risk of intensive care unit admission was highest among children with influenza, whereas the risk of pneumonia, bronchiolitis, longer hospital length of stay, and need for oxygen were more likely among children with RSV.
AHRQ-funded; HS026512.
Citation: Rao S, Armistead I, Tyler A .
Respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalizations in children in Colorado during the 2021-2022 respiratory virus season.
J Pediatr 2023 Sep; 260:113491. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113491..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, COVID-19, Respiratory Conditions, Influenza, Hospitalization, Infectious Diseases