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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
51 to 75 of 185 Research Studies DisplayedDavoudian PA, Wilkinson ST
Clinical overview of NMDA-R antagonists and clinical practice.
This study examines the promise of new therapies for treatment of depression, which is only treatable about half the time with medication. Recent research has found that therapies that target the glutamatergic system, especially NMDA receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in several clinical trials. The authors specifically discuss treatment using ketamine as well as other newer compounds that have also shown recent promise in clinical trials.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Davoudian PA, Wilkinson ST .
Clinical overview of NMDA-R antagonists and clinical practice.
Adv Pharmacol 2020;89:103-29. doi: 10.1016/bs.apha.2020.04.004..
Keywords: Medication, Depression, Behavioral Health, Treatments
Fink HA, Linskens EJ, MacDonald R
Benefits and harms of prescription drugs and supplements for treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the benefits and harms of prescription drugs and supplements for treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia (CATD). Studies with low or medium risk of bias (ROB) were analyzed and rated. The analysis concluded there was a slight reduction in short-term cognitive decline with cholinesterase inhibitors and memantime, and cholinesterase inhibitors slightly reduced reported functional decline. There was mostly insufficient evidence on drug treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and on supplements for all outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500008I.
Citation: Fink HA, Linskens EJ, MacDonald R .
Benefits and harms of prescription drugs and supplements for treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia
Ann Intern Med 2020 May 19;172(10):656-68. doi: 10.7326/m19-3887..
Keywords: Elderly, Dementia, Neurological Disorders, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Treatments
Heneghan MB, Hussain T, Barrera L
Applying the COM-B model to patient-reported barriers to medication adherence in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
This study examined parent- and patient-reported barriers to oral chemotherapy adherence with children with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The medicine most often used was 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). Forty-nine parents and 15 patients were surveyed and most reported at least one adherence barrier. Most of the barriers were about meeting other patients with ALL or meeting other parents. Patients also reported difficulty in finding out what their medications are, and what 6-MP does. These barriers can lead to relapse if they are not addressed.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Heneghan MB, Hussain T, Barrera L .
Applying the COM-B model to patient-reported barriers to medication adherence in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020 May;67(5):e28216. doi: 10.1002/pbc.28216..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Treatments, Cancer, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Johnson MD, Zorc JJ, Nelson DS
Intravenous magnesium in asthma pharmacotherapy: variability in use in the PECARN Registry.
Researchers examined the use, efficacy, and safety of intravenous magnesium sulfate (IVMg) in children with asthma whose emergency department (ED) management is recorded in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Registry. They found that, in PECARN Registry EDs, administration of IVMg occurred late in ED treatment, for a minority of the children likely to benefit, with variation between sites, which suggested the current clinical role for IVMg in preventing hospitalization was limited. Discharge after IVMg administration would likely be safe. They recommended further research to assess the efficacy and safety of early IVMg administration.
AHRQ-funded; HS020270.
Citation: Johnson MD, Zorc JJ, Nelson DS .
Intravenous magnesium in asthma pharmacotherapy: variability in use in the PECARN Registry.
J Pediatr 2020 May;220:165-74.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.01.062..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Medication, Emergency Department, Registries, Treatments, Patient Safety, Medication: Safety
Herb JN, Dunham LN, Ollila DW
Use of completion lymph node dissection for sentinel lymph node-positive melanoma.
This study examined the use and time trends of completion lymph node dissection (CLND) for sentinel lymph node-positive melanoma (SNPM). There has been found to be no benefit for CLND in SNPM patients. The National Cancer Database was used to find patients 18 years and older from 2012 to 2016 with SNPM. During that time period, 7,146 patients were identified with SNPM. From 2012 to 2014 the proportion of patients undergoing CLND was steady (61-63%) but decreased to 57% in 2015 and 50% in 2016. Use was less likely for women and increasing age. Higher use was more likely at high-volume centers, and associated with increased Breslow depth and ulceration.
Citation: Herb JN, Dunham LN, Ollila DW .
Use of completion lymph node dissection for sentinel lymph node-positive melanoma.
J Am Coll Surg 2020 Apr;230(4):515-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.12.010..
Keywords: Cancer: Skin Cancer, Cancer, Skin Conditions, Treatments
Dobler CC, Morrow AS, Beuschel B
Pharmacologic therapies in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
The authors evaluated the comparative effectiveness and adverse events of pharmacologic interventions for adults with exacerbation of COPD. Sixty-eight randomized controlled trials were selected for evaluation and data extraction. They found that antibiotics and systemic corticosteroids reduced treatment failure in adults with mild to severe exacerbation of COPD.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Dobler CC, Morrow AS, Beuschel B .
Pharmacologic therapies in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med 2020 Mar 17;172(6):413-23. doi: 10.7326/m19-3007..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Antibiotics, Treatments, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Whiteside SPH, Sim LA, Morrow AS
A meta-analysis to guide the enhancement of CBT for childhood anxiety: exposure over anxiety management.
Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the most empirically supported therapy for childhood anxiety disorders (CADs) but has not reliably outperformed other credible interventions. The current study used meta-analysis to examine the frequency with which the most common treatment components are included in outcome studies and the relation of these components to symptom improvement.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500013I.
Citation: Whiteside SPH, Sim LA, Morrow AS .
A meta-analysis to guide the enhancement of CBT for childhood anxiety: exposure over anxiety management.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2020 Mar;23(1):102-21. doi: 10.1007/s10567-019-00303-2..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Anxiety, Behavioral Health, Treatments, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Ellis RJ, Ho JW, Schlick CJR
National use of chemotherapy in initial management of stage I pancreatic cancer and failure to perform subsequent resection.
This paper investigated rates of resection surgery after upfront chemotherapy for patients treated for clinical stage I pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The authors used the National Cancer Database to identify eligible patients and a total of 17,495 patients were included. A total of 26.6% received upfront chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was most common in patients 80 years old or greater, had a T2 tumor, or were treated at a low-volume center. Only 33.5% of patients receiving upfront chemotherapy underwent subsequent resection. Resection was more likely in patients with T1 tumors or receiving treatment at a high-volume center. Rates of surgical resection after upfront chemotherapy are relatively low, but should be considered as part of an internal quality-of-cancer-care measure.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011; HS000078.
Citation: Ellis RJ, Ho JW, Schlick CJR .
National use of chemotherapy in initial management of stage I pancreatic cancer and failure to perform subsequent resection.
Ann Surg Oncol 2020 Mar;27(3):909-18. doi: 10.1245/s10434-019-08023-1..
Keywords: Cancer, Treatments, Surgery
Ochs-Ross R, Daly EJ, Zhang Y
Efficacy and safety of esketamine nasal spray plus an oral antidepressant in elderly patients with treatment-resistant depression-TRANSFORM-3.
This phase 3 double-blind study randomized patients with treatment-resistant depression age 65 or older to flexibly-dosed esketamine nasal spray and new oral antidepressant (esketamine/antidepressant) or new oral antidepressant and placebo nasal spray (antidepressant/placebo). The primary endpoint was change in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) over 28 days from baseline. Results showed that esketamine/antidepressant did not achieve statistical significance for patients ages 75 and older; however, greater differences were seen for patients ages 65-74 and patients with earlier onset of depression younger than age 55.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Ochs-Ross R, Daly EJ, Zhang Y .
Efficacy and safety of esketamine nasal spray plus an oral antidepressant in elderly patients with treatment-resistant depression-TRANSFORM-3.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020 Feb;28(2):121-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.10.008..
Keywords: Medication, Depression, Behavioral Health, Elderly, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments, Evidence-Based Practice
Bowman JA, Utter GH
Evolving strategies to manage Clostridium difficile colitis.
The authors discuss Clostridium difficile infection and diagnostic methods and treatment strategies evolved in recent years. They indicate that oral or enteral vancomycin is now preferred for first-line antimicrobial treatment across the disease spectrum, including mild to moderate initial cases. Further, fidaxomicin, bezlotoxumab, and fecal microbiota transplantation expand the therapeutic armamentarium, with operative treatment being reserved for patients with fulminant infection. They add that early identification of patients who would benefit from an operation remains a challenge.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.5rf2c
Citation: Bowman JA, Utter GH .
Evolving strategies to manage Clostridium difficile colitis.
J Gastrointest Surg 2020 Feb;24(2):484-91. doi: 10.1007/s11605-019-04478-5..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Infectious Diseases, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Antibiotics, Medication, Treatments
Ellis RJ, Schlick CJR, Feinglass J
Failure to administer recommended chemotherapy: acceptable variation or cancer care quality blind spot?
This study examined hospital variation in cancer patients who did not receive recommended chemotherapy. Patients with breast, colon, and lung cancers who did not receive chemotherapy from 2000 to 2015 were identified from the National Cancer Database. A total of 183,148 patients at 1281 hospitals were included. For breast cancer, 3.5% of patients failed to receive recommended chemotherapy, and 6.6% with colon, and 10.7% with lung cancer. Sociodemographic factors showed that patients were less likely to receive chemotherapy if they were uninsured or on Medicaid, as were non-Hispanic black patients with both breast and colon cancer. There was also significant hospital variation with failure to administer as high as 21.8% for breast, 40.2% for colon, and 40.0% for lung cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078; HS026385.
Citation: Ellis RJ, Schlick CJR, Feinglass J .
Failure to administer recommended chemotherapy: acceptable variation or cancer care quality blind spot?
BMJ Qual Saf 2020 Feb;29(2):103-12. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009742..
Keywords: Treatments, Cancer, Healthcare Delivery, Access to Care, Healthcare Utilization, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations, Uninsured, Hospitals, Quality of Care
Cornell M, Kaderka R, Hild SJ
Noninferiority study of automated knowledge-based planning versus human-driven optimization across multiple disease sites.
This study compared fully automated knowledge-based planning (KBP) versus human-driven plan optimization for dosimetry treatment across multiple disease types. Treatment site clinical KBP automated planning routines were developed for prostate, prostatic fossa, hypofractionated lung, and head and neck locations. Overall, fully automated KBP was noninferior to human-driven plan optimization and for many sites showed superiority.
AHRQ-funded; HS025440.
Citation: Cornell M, Kaderka R, Hild SJ .
Noninferiority study of automated knowledge-based planning versus human-driven optimization across multiple disease sites.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020 Feb;106(2):430-39. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.10.036..
Keywords: Cancer, Treatments
Jonassaint CR, Belnap BH, Huang Y
Racial differences in the effectiveness of Internet-delivered mental health care.
The purpose of this study was to examine race differences in the impact of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) use on mental health outcomes among White and African American primary care patients. Participants were patients aged 18-75 who were referred by their primary care physicians and who met the eligibility criteria. Findings showed that, compared to usual care, cCBT had no effect on quality of life, depression, or anxiety for Whites. However, for African American patients, cCBT was associated with a significant 6-month decrease in depression and anxiety scores; thus, cCBT may be an efficient and scalable first step to eliminating disparities in mental health care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Jonassaint CR, Belnap BH, Huang Y .
Racial differences in the effectiveness of Internet-delivered mental health care.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Feb;35(2):490-97. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05542-1..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Telehealth, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Primary Care, Treatments
Drucker AM, Adam GP, Rofeberg V
Treatments for primary squamous cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the skin: a systematic review and network meta-analysis summary of an Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality comparative effectiveness review.
This article discusses the results of a systematic review and network meta-analysis summary of treatments for primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCi) AHRQ comparative effective review. The authors included English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with information on recurrence, histologic clearance, clinical clearance, cosmesis, and quality of life. They excluded studies enrolling less than 10 body lesions total or arms that had 5 or less lesions. They included 7 RCTs with a total of 418 participants. While they found some evidence of the best treatment options, there was little evidence to guide treatment of SC. There were no RCTs found on surgical modalities which is the first line of treatment for SCC.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500002I.
Citation: Drucker AM, Adam GP, Rofeberg V .
Treatments for primary squamous cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the skin: a systematic review and network meta-analysis summary of an Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality comparative effectiveness review.
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Feb;82(2):479-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.030..
Keywords: Cancer: Skin Cancer, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Muzny CA, Van Gerwen OT, Kissinger P
Updates in trichomonas treatment including persistent infection and 5-nitroimidazole hypersensitivity.
The purpose of this review was to update information on treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis. T. vaginalis is estimated to be the most common treatable sexually transmitted infection in the world and is associated with poor birth outcomes, cervical cancer, sperm motility and morphology issues, and HIV acquisition and transmission.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Muzny CA, Van Gerwen OT, Kissinger P .
Updates in trichomonas treatment including persistent infection and 5-nitroimidazole hypersensitivity.
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2020 Feb;33(1):73-77. doi: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000618..
Keywords: Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Treatments
Khorfan R, Schlick CJR, Yang AD
Utilization of minimally invasive surgery and its association with chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer.
This study compared outcomes of patients with T3 or greater and/or N+ gastric carcinoma who had minimally invasive surgery (MIS) or traditional open surgery. Patients who received MIS had a greater likelihood of receiving postoperative chemotherapy. Patients from the National Cancer Database (21,872) from 2010 to 2015 were identified. The majority (72.2%) received open surgery although MIS rates went up during that time period. Predictors of MIS were Asian race, any insurance coverage and treatment at high-volume centers. Survival rates were higher for MIS patients although that could be explained by their increased likelihood of receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Khorfan R, Schlick CJR, Yang AD .
Utilization of minimally invasive surgery and its association with chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer.
J Gastrointest Surg 2020 Feb;24(2):243-52. doi: 10.1007/s11605-019-04410-x.
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Keywords: Surgery, Treatments, Cancer, Digestive Disease and Health, Healthcare Utilization, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Hoffman KE, Penson DF, Zhao Z
Patient-reported outcomes through 5 years for active surveillance, surgery, brachytherapy, or external beam radiation with or without androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer.
This study compared different treatment of men with favorable-risk prostate cancer and those with unfavorable-risk disease and their functional outcomes 5 years post-treatment. Treatment options for favorable-risk disease include active surveillance, nerve-sparing prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), or low-dose-rate brachytherapy with prostatectomy being the most common. Treatment options for men with unfavorable-risk disease is prostatectomy or EBRT with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The cohort analyzed included men diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2011 through 2012, accrued from 5 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program sites and a US prostate cancer registry, using surveys through September 2017. A total of 2005 men met inclusion criteria. For men with favorable-risk disease low-dose-rate brachytherapy was associated with worse urinary irritative, and sexual and bowel function at 1 year compared with active surveillance. Nerve-sparing prostatectomy was associated with worse urinary incontinence at 5 years and sexual function at 3 years compared with active surveillance. EBRT was not associated with clinically different function changes from active surveillance at any point during the 5 years. For men with unfavorable-risk disease, EBRT with ADT was associated with lower hormonal function at 6 months, bowel function at 1 year, but better sexual function and incontinence than prostatectomy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation: Hoffman KE, Penson DF, Zhao Z .
Patient-reported outcomes through 5 years for active surveillance, surgery, brachytherapy, or external beam radiation with or without androgen deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer.
JAMA 2020 Jan 14;323(2):149-63. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.20675..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Treatments, Men's Health, Adverse Events, Surgery
Ellis RJ, Schlick CJR, Yang AD
Utilization and treatment patterns of cytoreduction surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the United States.
This paper discusses utilization and treatment patterns of cytoreduction surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/IPC) treatment for patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) in the United States. This treatment is becoming more popular in the US. The authors used the National Inpatient Sample to identify patients from 2006 to 2015 who underwent CRS/IPC. The number of CRS/IPC treatments increased from 189 to 1540. The most common indication was for appendiceal cancer, followed by ovarian and colorectal cancers. The procedure was performed the most in large teaching hospitals. The authors recommend the creation of a national registry dedicated to cases of IPC to help evaluate further use and outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078; HS026385.
Citation: Ellis RJ, Schlick CJR, Yang AD .
Utilization and treatment patterns of cytoreduction surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the United States.
Ann Surg Oncol 2020 Jan;27(1):214-21. doi: 10.1245/s10434-019-07492-8..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Treatments, Cancer, Practice Patterns, Healthcare Utilization, Surgery
Rudd BN, Last BS, Gregor C
Benchmarking treatment effectiveness of community-delivered trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy.
The objectives of the current study are to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) delivered from 2013 to 2016 in 15 behavioral health agencies on youth PTSD as well as general mental health symptoms and functioning, and (b) benchmark these clinical outcomes against other published efficacy and effectiveness trials. This study is the first benchmarking study of TF-CBT and provides preliminary findings with regard to the effectiveness, and transportability, of TF-CBT to urban community settings that serve youth in poverty.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Rudd BN, Last BS, Gregor C .
Benchmarking treatment effectiveness of community-delivered trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy.
Am J Community Psychol 2019 Dec;64(3-4):438-50. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12370..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Trauma, Stress, Outcomes, Treatments
Chan B, Kondo K, Freeman M
Pharmacotherapy for cocaine use disorder-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The authors sought a better understanding of the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for cocaine use disorder. Their search included multiple data sources for systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials of pharmacological interventions in adults with cocaine use disorder. They found that most of the pharmacotherapies studied, including antidepressants, were not effective for treating cocaine use disorder. Bupropion, psychostimulants, and topiramate may improve abstinence, and antipsychotics may improve treatment retention. They recommend further study of contingency management and behavioral interventions along with pharmacotherapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Chan B, Kondo K, Freeman M .
Pharmacotherapy for cocaine use disorder-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Gen Intern Med 2019 Dec;34(12):2858-73. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05074-8..
Keywords: Medication, Substance Abuse, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Mullins BT, Basak R, Broughman JR
Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.
This study compares the effects of different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy on sexual function. A population-based cohort of 835 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2011 through 2013 was recruited in collaboration with the Rapid Case Ascertainment system of the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. They were enrolled prior to treatment and followed retrospectively using the validated Prostate Cancer Symptom Indices (PCSI) instrument. The sexual function scores were compared among patients who received the following treatment types: external-beam RT (EBRT), EBRT with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), brachytherapy, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (RP), and non-nerve-sparing RP. The cohort was surveyed at 24 months post-therapy, and RT alone was found to result in the best preservation of sexual function with brachytherapy, RT with ADT, and nerve-sparing RP yielding similar outcomes. Patients treated with non-nerve-sparing RP experienced the worst sexual function outcome.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Mullins BT, Basak R, Broughman JR .
Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.
Cancer 2019 Oct 15;125(20):3657-65. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32288..
Keywords: Quality of Life, Sexual Health, Surgery, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice
Chang X, Li HH, Kalet AM
Development and validation of a bayesian network method to detect external beam radiation therapy physician order errors.
This study investigated using a Bayesian network (BN)-based method to detect physician order errors in external beam radiation therapy. The authors extracted data from 4331 total external beam radiation orders written from 2008 to 2017 at their institution of origin. The cohort was divided into 3 groups: single prescription, concurrent boost, and sequential boost. True-positive (TPR) and false-positive (FPR) rates were determined. The investigators saw good results using the BN method.
AHRQ-funded; HS022888.
Citation: Chang X, Li HH, Kalet AM .
Development and validation of a bayesian network method to detect external beam radiation therapy physician order errors.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019 Oct 1;105(2):423-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.05.034..
Keywords: Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Cancer, Treatments
Alpert A, Jacobson M
Impact of oncology drug shortages on chemotherapy treatment.
The investigators examined outpatient chemotherapy use during shortage periods relative to the months before and after a shortage for newly diagnosed patients. For most drugs, little impact of shortages on either the fraction of patients receiving that drug or the quantity provided was found. The investigators discussed potential explanations for these counterintuitive findings, including potential limitations of current drug shortage reporting methods.
AHRQ-funded; HS022741.
Citation: Alpert A, Jacobson M .
Impact of oncology drug shortages on chemotherapy treatment.
Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019 Aug;1-6(2):415-21. doi: 10.1002/cpt.1390..
Keywords: Cancer, Treatments, Medication
Kundi H, Popma JJ, Reynolds MR
Frailty and related outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter valve therapies in a nationwide cohort.
In this study, the investigators sought to identify the prevalence and related outcomes of frail individuals undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Patients aged 65 and older were included in the study if they had at least one procedural code for transcatheter mitral valve repair or TAVR between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2016 in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicare Provider and Review database.
Citation: Kundi H, Popma JJ, Reynolds MR .
Frailty and related outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter valve therapies in a nationwide cohort.
Eur Heart J 2019 Jul 14;40(27):2231-39. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz187.
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Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Outcomes, Treatments
Kaderka R, Mundt RC, Li N
Automated closed- and open-loop validation of knowledge-based planning routines across multiple disease sites.
This study examined the use of knowledge-based planning (KBP) clinical implementation for treatment across multiple disease sites using volumetric modulated arc therapy. Researchers identified patients with prostate, lung, and head and neck cancers who were treated in the year right before their clinic’s broad adoption of RapidPlan. Statistically significant organ dose-volume histogram improvements were observed in the KBP cohort compared to manual planning.
AHRQ-funded; R01 HS025440.
Citation: Kaderka R, Mundt RC, Li N .
Automated closed- and open-loop validation of knowledge-based planning routines across multiple disease sites.
Pract Radiat Oncol 2019 Jul - Aug;9(4):257-65. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2019.02.010..
Keywords: Cancer, Genetics, Treatments