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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- (-) Adverse Events (13)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Brain Injury (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (3)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1)
- Dialysis (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (3)
- Hospitals (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Kidney Disease and Health (3)
- Medication (1)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Mortality (4)
- Obesity (1)
- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
- (-) Outcomes (13)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (4)
- Patient Safety (3)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- (-) Risk (13)
- Rural Health (1)
- Surgery (7)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- Trauma (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedLi K, Ferguson T, Embil J
Risk of kidney failure, death, and cardiovascular events after lower limb complications in patients with CKD.
Investigators sought to determine how interim lower limb complications modify the subsequent risk of progression to kidney failure, all-cause mortality before kidney failure, and cardiovascular events in a cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G3 to G5. Patient-level data obtained from several administrative databases from Manitoba, Canada, were analyzed. They found that interim lower limb complications were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure, all-cause mortality before kidney failure, and cardiovascular-related hospitalization. They stated that clinical trials of screening and treatment strategies for patients with CKD at risk for lower limb complications may help determine optimal strategies to manage this risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS018574.
Citation: Li K, Ferguson T, Embil J .
Risk of kidney failure, death, and cardiovascular events after lower limb complications in patients with CKD.
Kidney Int Rep 2021 Feb;6(2):381-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.11.010..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk, Adverse Events, Mortality, Outcomes
Villa Zapata L, Hansten PD, Panic J
Risk of bleeding with exposure to warfarin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Warfarin use can trigger the occurrence of bleeding independently or as a result of a drug-drug interaction when used in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This article examines the risk of bleeding in individuals exposed to concomitant warfarin and NSAID compared with those taking warfarin alone. The investigators concluded that risk of bleeding was significantly increased among persons taking warfarin and a NSAID or COX-2 inhibitor together as compared with taking warfarin alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS025984.
Citation: Villa Zapata L, Hansten PD, Panic J .
Risk of bleeding with exposure to warfarin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Thromb Haemost 2020 Jul;120(7):1066-74. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710592..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Risk, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Yuce TK, Khorfan R, Soper NJ
Post-operative complications and readmissions associated with smoking following bariatric surgery.
The link between smoking and poor postoperative outcomes is well established. Despite this, current smokers are still offered bariatric surgery. In this study, the investigators describe the risk of postoperative 30-day complications and readmission following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-En-Y gastric bypass in smokers. The investigators concluded that smokers undergoing bariatric surgery experienced significantly worse 30-day outcomes when compared with non-smokers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Yuce TK, Khorfan R, Soper NJ .
Post-operative complications and readmissions associated with smoking following bariatric surgery.
J Gastrointest Surg 2020 Mar;24(3):525-30. doi: 10.1007/s11605-019-04488-3..
Keywords: Surgery, Tobacco Use, Adverse Events, Hospital Readmissions, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Risk, Outcomes
McIsaac DI, Taljaard M, Bryson GL
Frailty as a predictor of death or new disability after surgery: a prospective cohort study.
The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the modified Fried Index (mFI) and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) to predict death or patient-reported new disability 90 days after major elective surgery. Results showed that older people with frailty are significantly more likely to die or experience a new patient-reported disability after surgery and that although accuracy was similar, the CFS, compared to the mFI, was easier to use and feasibility was higher.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: McIsaac DI, Taljaard M, Bryson GL .
Frailty as a predictor of death or new disability after surgery: a prospective cohort study.
Ann Surg 2020 Feb;271(2):283-89. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002967..
Keywords: Elderly, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Mortality, Adverse Events, Risk, Outcomes
Brauer DG, Lyons SA, Keller MR
Simplified risk prediction indices do not accurately predict 30-day death or readmission after discharge following colorectal surgery.
This study examined the performance of widely used risk prediction indices to predict 30-day death or readmission after discharge following colorectal surgery. The study used a retrospective split-sample cohort of patients discharged after colorectal surgery from inpatient databases of HCUP for the states of New York, California, and Florida from 2006-2014. The commonly used risk prediction model LACE (length of stay, acute admissions, Charlson comorbidity index score, and emergency department visits) was compared with the real outcomes of death or readmission within 30 days after discharge with the cohort. Results showed a poor model fit with LACE and the researchers recommended a better model be developed.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Brauer DG, Lyons SA, Keller MR .
Simplified risk prediction indices do not accurately predict 30-day death or readmission after discharge following colorectal surgery.
Surgery 2019 May;165(5):882-88. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.12.007..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Surgery, Risk, Adverse Events, Outcomes
Leeds IL, Meyers PM, Enumah ZO
Psychosocial risks are independently associated with cancer surgery outcomes in medically comorbid patients.
The purpose of this prospective observational study was to assess the association of preoperative psychosocial risk factors and 30-day complications following cancer surgery. The investigators demonstrated a more than threefold odds of a complication in medically comorbid patients with multiple psychosocial risks. They suggest that their findings support the use of psychosocial risks in preoperative assessment and consideration for inclusion in preoperative optimization efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736.
Citation: Leeds IL, Meyers PM, Enumah ZO .
Psychosocial risks are independently associated with cancer surgery outcomes in medically comorbid patients.
Ann Surg Oncol 2019 Apr;26(4):936-44. doi: 10.1245/s10434-018-07136-3..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Cancer, Outcomes, Risk, Surgery
Yuo TH, Wallace JR, Fish L
Editor's choice - comparison of outcomes after open surgical and endovascular lower extremity revascularisation among end stage renal disease patients on dialysis.
This study compared outcomes of different revascularization surgeries among end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). There is a high risk of complications for this surgery. Outcomes of endovascular revascularization (ER) and open surgical revascularisation (OSR) were compared. Outcomes measured included mortality and major amputation. There is a lower mortality risk for ER versus OSR. OSR has better 30-day limb salvage although there are similar long-term outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019486.
Citation: Yuo TH, Wallace JR, Fish L .
Editor's choice - comparison of outcomes after open surgical and endovascular lower extremity revascularisation among end stage renal disease patients on dialysis.
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019 Feb;57(2):248-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.09.008..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Dialysis, Evidence-Based Practice, Kidney Disease and Health, Mortality, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Surgery
Wahl TS, Graham LA, Morris MS
Association between preoperative proteinuria and postoperative acute kidney injury and readmission.
This retrospective cohort study investigated whether preoperative proteinuria is associated with surgical outcomes including postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and readmission. The cohort used were undergoing elective inpatient surgery at 119 Veterans Affairs facilities from October 2007 to September 2014. The data collected was for a 7-month period in 2016. A higher probability of 30-day unplanned readmission was associated with preoperative proteinuria and postoperative AKI.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Wahl TS, Graham LA, Morris MS .
Association between preoperative proteinuria and postoperative acute kidney injury and readmission.
JAMA Surg 2018 Sep;153(9):e182009. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.2009..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Surgery, Risk, Hospital Readmissions, Outcomes
Spatz ES, Wang Y, Beckman AL
Traditional Chinese medicine for acute myocardial infarction in western medicine hospitals in China.
This study examined the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in China during the first 24 hours of hospitalization. The data came from the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Retrospective Study of Acute Myocardial Infarction. A chart review was done of randomly sampled patients in 2001, 2006 and 2011 in 162 Western medicine hospitals across China. Nearly all (99%) hospitals used some form of TCM, with Salvia miltiorrhiza being the most commonly prescribed. This TCM treatment (and others) was used intravenously and use has increased over the span of the study, despite lack of evidence of benefit or harm.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Spatz ES, Wang Y, Beckman AL .
Traditional Chinese medicine for acute myocardial infarction in western medicine hospitals in China.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018 Mar;11(3):e004190. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.117.004190..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Heart Disease and Health, Hospitals, Mortality, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Safety, Practice Patterns, Risk
Humble SS, Wilson LD, McKenna JW
Tracheostomy risk factors and outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury.
The researchers sought to determine risk factors associated with tracheostomy placement after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent outcomes among those who did and did not receive a tracheostomy. They concluded that age and insurance status are independently associated with tracheostomy placement, but not with mortality after severe TBI. Tracheostomy placement is associated with increased survival after severe TBI.
AHRQ-funded; HS013833.
Citation: Humble SS, Wilson LD, McKenna JW .
Tracheostomy risk factors and outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury.
Brain Inj 2016;30(13-14):1642-47. doi: 10.1080/02699052.2016.1199915.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Brain Injury, Outcomes, Risk, Trauma
McElroy LM, Khorzad R, Nannicelli AP
Failure mode and effects analysis: a comparison of two common risk prioritisation methods.
The investigators compared a simplified scoring method with the traditional scoring method to determine the degree of congruence in identifying high-risk failures. They found that the simplified method did not result in the same degree of discrimination in the ranking of failures offered by the traditional method.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: McElroy LM, Khorzad R, Nannicelli AP .
Failure mode and effects analysis: a comparison of two common risk prioritisation methods.
BMJ Qual Saf 2016 May;25(5):329-36. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004130.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Outcomes, Patient Safety, Risk
Tsilimingras D, Schnipper J, Duke A
Post-discharge adverse events among urban and rural patients of an urban community hospital: a prospective cohort study.
The researchers aimed to determine the rate of postdischarge adverse events (AEs), classify the types of post-discharge AEs, and identify risk factors for post-discharge AEs in urban and rural patients. They found that post-discharge AEs were common in both urban and rural patients and many were preventable or ameliorable.
AHRQ-funded; HS018694.
Citation: Tsilimingras D, Schnipper J, Duke A .
Post-discharge adverse events among urban and rural patients of an urban community hospital: a prospective cohort study.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Aug;30(8):1164-71. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3260-3..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Hospital Discharge, Outcomes, Risk, Rural Health
Shah UH, Mandl LA, Mertelsmann-Voss C
Systemic lupus erythematosus is not a risk factor for poor outcomes after total hip and total knee arthroplasty.
The researchers sought to determine if systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains an independent risk factor for poor arthroplasty outcomes or if other factors, such as avascular necrosis , continue to play a role. They found that SLE was not an independent risk factor for poor short-term pain or function after either hip or knee arthroplasty.
AHRQ-funded; HS016075.
Citation: Shah UH, Mandl LA, Mertelsmann-Voss C .
Systemic lupus erythematosus is not a risk factor for poor outcomes after total hip and total knee arthroplasty.
Lupus 2015 Aug;24(9):900-8. doi: 10.1177/0961203314566635.
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Keywords: Surgery, Risk, Outcomes, Adverse Events