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Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (4)
- Caregiving (1)
- Children/Adolescents (5)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (1)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Elderly (1)
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- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
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- (-) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (25)
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- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Kidney Disease and Health (2)
- Medication (2)
- Mortality (1)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary Care (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (3)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- (-) Risk (25)
- Screening (1)
- Sex Factors (1)
- Sexual Health (5)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Stroke (2)
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- Urban Health (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 25 Research Studies DisplayedRuderman SA, Nance RM, Drumright LN
Development of Frail RISC-HIV: a risk score for predicting frailty risk in the short-term for care of people with HIV.
The authors developed RISC-HIV, a frailty prediction risk score for HIV clinical decision-making. They predicted frailty risk among people with HIV (PWH) at seven US HIV clinics and followed for up to 2 years to identify short-term predictors of becoming frail. They concluded that RISC-HIV is a simple, easily implemented tool to assist in classifying PWH at risk for frailty in clinics.
AHRQ-funded; HS026154.
Citation: Ruderman SA, Nance RM, Drumright LN .
Development of Frail RISC-HIV: a risk score for predicting frailty risk in the short-term for care of people with HIV.
AIDS 2023 May 1; 37(6):967-75. doi: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003501..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Kim HN, Nance RM, Lo Re V
Development and validation of a model for prediction of end-stage liver disease in people with HIV.
The authors developed and validated a risk-prediction model for end-stage liver disease (ESLD) among people with HIV (PWH). They developed and validated a risk prediction model for ESLD among PWH who received care in 12 cohorts of the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design and found that their model of readily accessible clinical parameters predicted ESLD in a large diverse population of PWH.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Kim HN, Nance RM, Lo Re V .
Development and validation of a model for prediction of end-stage liver disease in people with HIV.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022 Apr;89(4):396-404. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002886..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Sico JJ, Kundu S, So-Armah K
Depression as a risk factor for incident ischemic stroke among HIV-positive veterans in the veterans aging cohort study.
Background HIV infection and depression are each associated with increased ischemic stroke risk. Whether depression is a risk factor for stroke within the HIV population is unknown. In this study the investigators examined depression as a risk factor for incident ischemic stroke among HIV-positive veterans in the veterans aging cohort study. The investigators concluded that depression is associated with an increased risk of stroke among HIV-positive people after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, traditional cerebrovascular risk factors, and HIV-specific factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS023464.
Citation: Sico JJ, Kundu S, So-Armah K .
Depression as a risk factor for incident ischemic stroke among HIV-positive veterans in the veterans aging cohort study.
J Am Heart Assoc 2021 Jul 6;10(13):e017637. doi: 10.1161/jaha.119.017637..
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Risk, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions
Rodriguez SA, Higashi RT, Betts AC
Anal cancer and anal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and perceived risk among women living with HIV.
The aims of this study were (1) to describe anal cancer knowledge, perceived risk, screening barriers, and acceptability of sample self-collection among women living with HIV (WLWH) at an integrated safety-net system and (2) to describe differences in demographic and psychosocial variables among a subsample of WLWH with a history of abnormal cervical cytology results versus those with normal results. The investigators concluded that this study highlighted a gap in knowledge and awareness among WLWH regarding their heightened risk for anal cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Rodriguez SA, Higashi RT, Betts AC .
Anal cancer and anal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and perceived risk among women living with HIV.
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2021 Jan;25(1):43-47. doi: 10.1097/lgt.0000000000000578..
Keywords: Cancer, Screening, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Women
Sheinfil AZ, Giguere R, Dolezal C
Information and motivation predict HIV-serostatus among a population of high-risk men and transgender women who have sex with men.
In this study, two constructs from the information-motivation-behavioral skills model were used to predict HIV-serostatus among a sample of men and transgender women who have sex with men. Hypotheses were that lower levels of HIV knowledge and lower levels of motivation to remain HIV-negative would be associated with an increased likelihood of receiving a positive HIV test result at a study eligibility-screening session.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383.
Citation: Sheinfil AZ, Giguere R, Dolezal C .
Information and motivation predict HIV-serostatus among a population of high-risk men and transgender women who have sex with men.
AIDS Behav 2020 Oct;24(10):2863-71. doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02835-z..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, Risk
O'Halloran JA, Sahrmann J, Butler AM
Brief report: integrase strand transfer inhibitors are associated with lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: O'Halloran JA, Sahrmann J, Butler AM .
Brief report: integrase strand transfer inhibitors are associated with lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020 Aug 1;84(4):396-99. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002357..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Stroke, Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Hill LM, Maseko B, Chagomerana M
HIV risk, risk perception, and PrEP interest among adolescent girls and young women in Lilongwe, Malawi: operationalizing the PrEP cascade.
The objective of this study was to understand the level of interest in oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) at highest HIV risk and the potential role of perceived risk in motivating PrEP interest. Findings highlighted key relationships between epidemiologic HIV risk, risk perception, and interest in PrEP. The high number of participants with risk scores below the high-risk cutoff who both expressed high perceived risk and interest in PrEP suggested that the demand for PrEP among AGYW may not be well-aligned with epidemiologic risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Hill LM, Maseko B, Chagomerana M .
HIV risk, risk perception, and PrEP interest among adolescent girls and young women in Lilongwe, Malawi: operationalizing the PrEP cascade.
J Int AIDS Soc 2020 Jun;23 Suppl 3:e25502. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25502..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Prevention, Women, Children/Adolescents, Young Adults
Sun CJ, Seloilwe ES, Magowe M
Association of adolescent- and parent-reported relationship functioning with HIV sexual risk among adolescents in Botswana.
Globally, adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are the youth most affected by HIV. Parent-adolescent relationships can be protective in child and adolescent development and may be implicated in lowered adolescent HIV sexual risk. This dyadic study simultaneously assessed both parents' and adolescents' perceptions of family functioning and their relationships with adolescent sexual behaviors in Botswana.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Sun CJ, Seloilwe ES, Magowe M .
Association of adolescent- and parent-reported relationship functioning with HIV sexual risk among adolescents in Botswana.
AIDS Behav 2020 Mar;24(3):975-83. doi: 10.1007/s10461-019-02429-4..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Sexual Health
Skaathun B, Voisin DR, Cornwell B
A longitudinal examination of factors associated with network bridging among YMSM: implications for HIV prevention.
In this study, the investigators examined the link between social-environmental factors, network composition and HIV risk among a city-population based sample of young Black men who have sex with Men (YBMSM). The investigators found that bridging (i.e. having non-redundant contacts in one's network, indicating network instability) was associated with adverse social-environmental factors and higher HIV risk, indicating that bridging may be on the explanatory pathway.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Skaathun B, Voisin DR, Cornwell B .
A longitudinal examination of factors associated with network bridging among YMSM: implications for HIV prevention.
AIDS Behav 2019 May;23(5):1326-38. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2258-3..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Young Adults, Risk, Sexual Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Desir FA, Lesko CR, Moore RD
One sIZE fITS (n)one: the influence of sex, age, and sexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk on racial/ethnic disparities in the HIV care continuum in the United States.
In this study the investigators examined the impact of sex, age, and sexual HIV acquisition risk (ie, heterosexual vs same-sex contact) on the magnitude of HIV-related racial/ethnic disparities. They found that racial/ethnic differences in HIV care persist in specific populations defined by sex, age, and sexual HIV acquisition risk. They suggest that clinical and public health interventions that jointly target these demographic factors are needed.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Desir FA, Lesko CR, Moore RD .
One sIZE fITS (n)one: the influence of sex, age, and sexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk on racial/ethnic disparities in the HIV care continuum in the United States.
Clin Infect Dis 2019 Feb 15;68(5):795-802. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy556..
Keywords: Disparities, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Moore RD
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Adults with HIV have an increased burden of non-AIDS-defining cancers, myocardial infarction, end-stage liver disease, and end-stage renal disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of preventable or modifiable HIV-related and traditional risk factors for non-AIDS-defining cancers, myocardial infarction, end-stage liver disease, and end-stage renal disease outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Moore RD .
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Lancet HIV 2019 Feb;6(2):e93-e104. doi: 10.1016/s2352-3018(18)30295-9.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Kidney Disease and Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Fredericksen RJ, Walcott M, Yang FM
Circumstances surrounding high-risk sexual experiences among primary care patients living with and without HIV.
In this study, the investigators interviewed primary care patients living with and without HIV, regarding circumstances surrounding sexual risk behavior, to identify opportunities for providers to address and reduce STI risk. The investigators found that circumstances surrounding perceived STI exposure risk were diverse, often overlapping, and dependent on internal, environmental, and partner-related factors and inadequate communication. They suggest that meaningful care-based interventions regarding HIV/STI transmission behavior must address the diversity and interplay of these factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022242.
Citation: Fredericksen RJ, Walcott M, Yang FM .
Circumstances surrounding high-risk sexual experiences among primary care patients living with and without HIV.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Dec;33(12):2163-70. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4675-4..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Primary Care, Risk, Sexual Health
Marconi VC, Duncan MS, So-Armah K
Bilirubin is inversely associated with cardiovascular disease among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in VACS (Veterans Aging Cohort Study).
In this prospective cohort study, the investigators assessed whether bilirubin independently predicted the risk of CVD events among HIV(+) and uninfected participants in VACS (Veterans Aging Cohort Study. The investigators found that VACS participants (regardless of HIV status) with elevated bilirubin levels had a lower risk of incident total CVD, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and ischemic stroke events after adjusting for known risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS018372.
Citation: Marconi VC, Duncan MS, So-Armah K .
Bilirubin is inversely associated with cardiovascular disease among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in VACS (Veterans Aging Cohort Study).
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 May 2;7(10). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.007792..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk
Sun CJ, Sutfin E, Bachmann LH
Comparing men who have sex with men and transgender women who use Grindr, other similar social and sexual networking apps, or no social and sexual networking apps: implications for recruitment and health promotion.
This paper seeks to identify differences in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women who use the Grindr app and those who use other similar apps. It found significant differences in the sociodemographic characteristics by app use, including age, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and outness. After adjusting for the sociodemographic characteristics associated with app use, there were significant differences in HIV risk and substance use between the groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Sun CJ, Sutfin E, Bachmann LH .
Comparing men who have sex with men and transgender women who use Grindr, other similar social and sexual networking apps, or no social and sexual networking apps: implications for recruitment and health promotion.
J AIDS Clin Res 2018;9(2). doi: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000757.
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Keywords: Health Promotion, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations
Sun CJ, Seloilwe ES, Magowe M
Gender differences in sexual and reproductive health protective and risk factors of Batswana adolescents: implications for parent and adolescent interventions.
The HIV epidemic continues in sub-Saharan Africa and Botswana and adolescents there have borne the brunt. This analysis assessed gender differences in sexual and reproductive health protective and risk factors in 228 Batswana adolescents. Although three-quarters of adolescents prefer to have their parents teach them about sex, it is the fourth most common source of information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Sun CJ, Seloilwe ES, Magowe M .
Gender differences in sexual and reproductive health protective and risk factors of Batswana adolescents: implications for parent and adolescent interventions.
AIDS Educ Prev 2018 Feb;30(1):35-46. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2018.30.1.35..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Risk, Sex Factors, Sexual Health
Barbour WL, Rodgers JB, Wang HE
Human immunodeficiency virus risk factors and beliefs reported by families presenting to a pediatric emergency department.
This study compared HIV risk behaviors reported by adolescents to parents' perception of adolescent risky behavior engagement and examined participants' knowledge of HIV transmission and testing preferences. The study concluded that: Parents are mostly unaware of adolescents' broad risk behaviors; Participants' knowledge of HIV transmission is limited; Adolescents and parents shared strong agreement regarding HIV testing preferences.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Barbour WL, Rodgers JB, Wang HE .
Human immunodeficiency virus risk factors and beliefs reported by families presenting to a pediatric emergency department.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2018 Jan;34(1):1-5. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000000536..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Family Health and History, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Macapagal K, Birkett M, Janulis P
HIV prevention fatigue and HIV treatment optimism among young men who have sex with men.
Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and are at high risk for HIV completed measures of prevention fatigue, treatment optimism, HIV risk behaviors, and HIV-related knowledge and attitudes during a longitudinal study. Overall, YMSM reported low levels of HIV prevention fatigue and treatment optimism.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Macapagal K, Birkett M, Janulis P .
HIV prevention fatigue and HIV treatment optimism among young men who have sex with men.
AIDS Educ Prev 2017 Aug;29(4):289-301. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2017.29.4.289.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Risk
Salinas JL, Rentsch C, Marconi VC
Baseline, time-updated, and cumulative HIV care metrics for predicting acute myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality.
The researchers studied prediction rates of myocardial infarction in those with HIV. They found that the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index provided better acute myocardial infarction and mortality prediction than CD4 count and HIV-1 RNA, concluding that current health determines risk more accurately than prior history.
AHRQ-funded; HS018372.
Citation: Salinas JL, Rentsch C, Marconi VC .
Baseline, time-updated, and cumulative HIV care metrics for predicting acute myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality.
Clin Infect Dis 2016 Dec 1;63(11):1423-30. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw564.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Mortality, Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Tetrault JM, Tate JP, Edelman EJ
Hepatic safety of buprenorphine in HIV-Infected and uninfected patients with opioid use disorder: the role of HCV-infection.
The purpose of this paper was to examine risk for buprenorphine (BUP)-associated hepatotoxicity among individuals with HIV and HCV. The authors found that liver enzymes and total bilirubin are rarely elevated in HIV-infected and uninfected patients receiving BUP, and that the risk of hepatotoxicity was greater in individuals infected with HIV, HCV, or HIV/HCV co-infection, who may benefit from increased monitoring.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112; HS018372.
Citation: Tetrault JM, Tate JP, Edelman EJ .
Hepatic safety of buprenorphine in HIV-Infected and uninfected patients with opioid use disorder: the role of HCV-infection.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2016 Sep;68:62-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2016.06.002.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Risk
Yin MT, Shiau S, Rimland D
Fracture prediction with modified-FRAX in older HIV-infected and uninfected men.
The authors investigated considering HIV as a cause of secondary osteoporosis when calculating FRAX, a clinical fracture risk calculator, in HIV-infected individuals. They found that modified-FRAX underestimated the fracture rates more in older HIV-infected than in otherwise similar uninfected men. and they recommend further studies to determine how to risk stratify for screening and treatment in older HIV-infected individuals.
AHRQ-funded; HS018372.
Citation: Yin MT, Shiau S, Rimland D .
Fracture prediction with modified-FRAX in older HIV-infected and uninfected men.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2016 Aug 15;72(5):513-20. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000998.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Farmer C, Yehia BR, Fleishman JA
AHRQ Author: Fleishman JA
Factors associated with retention among non-perinatally HIV-infected youth in the HIV research network.
The researchers evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics of non-perinatally HIV (nPHIV)-infected youth associated with retention in care 1 year after initiating care and in the 2 years thereafter. They concluded that patients who were Hispanic, were men who have sex with men, or were seen at pediatric clinics were more likely to be retained in care.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Farmer C, Yehia BR, Fleishman JA .
Factors associated with retention among non-perinatally HIV-infected youth in the HIV research network.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2016 Mar;5(1):39-46. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piu102.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Depp TB, McGinnis KA, Kraemer K
Risk factors associated with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV-infected and uninfected patients.
This study sought to determine the association between HIV infection and other risk factors for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). It concluded that HIV infection, especially with lower CD4 cell count, is an independent risk factor for AECOPD. Enhanced susceptibility to harm from current smoking or unhealthy alcohol use in HIV-infected patients may also contribute to the greater rate of AECOPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023258.
Citation: Depp TB, McGinnis KA, Kraemer K .
Risk factors associated with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV-infected and uninfected patients.
AIDS 2016 Jan 28;30(3):455-63. doi: 10.1097/qad.0000000000000940.
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Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Substance Abuse, Tobacco Use
Haukoos JS, Bucossi MM, Lyons MS
Validation of a quantitative HIV risk prediction tool using a national HIV testing cohort.
The goal of the study was to validate the Denver HIV Risk Score using a national cohort from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention. Patients of 13 years and older were included, 4,830,941 HIV tests were performed, and 0.6 percent newly diagnosed infections were identified. The study concluded that the Denver HIV Risk Score accurately categorized patients into different HIV risk groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526; HS021749.
Citation: Haukoos JS, Bucossi MM, Lyons MS .
Validation of a quantitative HIV risk prediction tool using a national HIV testing cohort.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015 Apr 15;68(5):599-603. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000518..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk
Abraham AG, Althoff KN, Jing Y
End-stage renal disease among HIV-infected adults in North America.
Given the many potential contributors to ESRD risk, the goal of this study was to assess the relative contributions of clinical and demographic factors to ESRD. It found that HIV-infected ESRD cases were more likely to be of black race, have diabetes mellitus or hypertension, inject drugs, and/or have a prior AIDS-defining illness.
AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Abraham AG, Althoff KN, Jing Y .
End-stage renal disease among HIV-infected adults in North America.
Clin Infect Dis 2015 Mar 15;60(6):941-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu919..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Diabetes
Hsieh YH, Haukoos JS, Rothman RE
Validation of an abbreviated version of the Denver HIV Risk Score for prediction of HIV infection in an urban ED.
The researchers sought to evaluate the performance of a short version of the Denver HIV Risk Score in 2 urban emergency departments. They found that external validation resulted in good discrimination. The study cohort included 15,184 patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526
Citation: Hsieh YH, Haukoos JS, Rothman RE .
Validation of an abbreviated version of the Denver HIV Risk Score for prediction of HIV infection in an urban ED.
Am J Emerg Med. 2014 Jul;32(7):775-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2014.02.043..
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Urban Health