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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Burnout (1)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (1)
- Communication (2)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Critical Care (1)
- Decision Making (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (3)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
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- Imaging (1)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medical Errors (2)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- (-) Patient Safety (15)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary Care (1)
- Provider (2)
- Provider: Clinician (1)
- (-) Provider: Health Personnel (15)
- Provider: Nurse (1)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Teams (1)
- Workflow (1)
- Workforce (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 15 of 15 Research Studies DisplayedDuffy B, Miller J, Vitous CA
Intersystem medical error discovery: a document analysis of ethical guidelines.
The authors conducted a document analysis of ethical guidelines concerning how providers should respond to other providers' errors, especially when they occur outside the provider's facility or system (intersystem medical error discovery [IMED]). They found that ethics codes provided little guidance on communication regarding IMED scenarios, and in some cases, the guidance was internally conflicting.
AHRQ-funded; HS026030.
Citation: Duffy B, Miller J, Vitous CA .
Intersystem medical error discovery: a document analysis of ethical guidelines.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e1765-e73. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000625..
Keywords: Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Provider: Health Personnel, Communication
Haidari E, Main EK, Cui X
Maternal and neonatal health care worker well-being and patient safety climate amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
The purpose of this study was to assess the perspectives of maternal and neonatal healthcare workers (HCWs) on well-being and patient safety amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Using HCW surveys, findings showed that 66% of respondents reported symptoms of burnout and 73% felt that burnout among their co-workers had significantly increased. Compared to physicians, nurses reported higher rates of unprofessional behavior and difficulty focusing on work. The authors concluded that three months into the COVID-19 pandemic, HCW well-being was substantially compromised, with negative ramifications for patient safety.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Haidari E, Main EK, Cui X .
Maternal and neonatal health care worker well-being and patient safety climate amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Perinatol 2021 May;41(5):961-69. doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-01014-9..
Keywords: COVID-19, Burnout, Patient Safety, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel, Maternal Care
Baloh J, Thom KA, Perencevich E
Hand hygiene before donning nonsterile gloves: healthcareworkers' beliefs and practices.
The purpose of this study was to examine the practices and beliefs of health care workers related to the use of nonsterile gloves and associated hand hygiene (HH) before gloving. Gloving and HH practices of health care workers at three large academic hospitals were observed as they entered patient rooms, and interviews were conducted with providers, nurses, and nursing assistants to elicit their beliefs and perceptions of these hygiene practices. While interviewed health care workers reported 100% HH compliance before gloving, observed HH compliance was only 42% and observed gloving before entering contact precaution rooms was 78%. Most health care workers described glove use more often than was necessary, and generally used gloves for their own safety, and sanitized their hands before gloving for patient safety. The authors conclude that HH and glove use are intertwined in clinical practice and should be considered jointly to improve infection prevention improvement efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS024108.
Citation: Baloh J, Thom KA, Perencevich E .
Hand hygiene before donning nonsterile gloves: healthcareworkers' beliefs and practices.
Am J Infect Control 2019 May;47(5):492-97. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.11.015..
Keywords: Provider: Clinician, Provider, Provider: Health Personnel, Patient Safety, Prevention
Mosaly PR, Mazur LM, Marks LB
Quantification of baseline pupillary response and task-evoked pupillary response during constant and incremental task load.
The objective of this study was to assess variability in baseline pupil size and task-evoked pupillary response (TEPR) during two basic working memory tasks: constant load of 3-letters memorization-recall (10 trials), and incremental load memorization-recall. It concluded that quantification of TEPR can be affected by shifts in baseline pupil size that are most likely affected by non-cognitive factors when other external factors are kept constant.
AHRQ-funded; HS023458; HS024062.
Citation: Mosaly PR, Mazur LM, Marks LB .
Quantification of baseline pupillary response and task-evoked pupillary response during constant and incremental task load.
Ergonomics 2017 Oct;60(10):1369-75. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1288930.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Provider: Health Personnel, Patient Safety
Dyrbye LN, Shanafelt TD, Sinsky CA
AHRQ Author: Meyers D
https://nam.edu/burnout-among-health-care-professionals-a-call-to-explore-and-address-this-underrecognized-threat-to-safe-high-quality-care
Burnout among health care professionals: a call to explore and address this underrecognized threat to safe, high-quality care.
The high prevalence of burnout among health care professionals is cause for concern because it appears to be affecting quality, safety, and health care system performance. Efforts are needed to address this growing problem. Progress will require methodologically sound studies, adequate funding, and collaborative efforts. The authors hope that research sponsors, institutions, clinician organizations, researchers, clinicians, and patients join in supporting enhanced research efforts focused on these topics.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Dyrbye LN, Shanafelt TD, Sinsky CA .
Burnout among health care professionals: a call to explore and address this underrecognized threat to safe, high-quality care.
NAM Perspectives 2017 Jul 5.
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Keywords: Quality of Care, Provider: Health Personnel, Patient Safety, Workforce
Hanauer DA, Branford GL, Greenberg G
Two-year longitudinal assessment of physicians' perceptions after replacement of a longstanding homegrown electronic health record: does a J-curve of satisfaction really exist?
This report describes a 2-year prospective, longitudinal survey of attending physicians in 3 clinical areas (family medicine, general pediatrics, internal medicine) who experienced a transition from a homegrown electronic health record (EHR) to a vendor EHR. The primary goal was to determine if perceptions followed a J-curve pattern in which they initially dropped but eventually surpassed baseline measures. A J-curve was not found for any measures, including workflow, safety, communication, and satisfaction.
AHRQ-funded; HS023613.
Citation: Hanauer DA, Branford GL, Greenberg G .
Two-year longitudinal assessment of physicians' perceptions after replacement of a longstanding homegrown electronic health record: does a J-curve of satisfaction really exist?
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2017 Apr 1;24(e1):e157-e65. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocw077.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Provider: Health Personnel, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient Safety, Workflow
Smith SA, Yount N, Sorra J
Exploring relationships between hospital patient safety culture and Consumer Reports safety scores.
This study examines whether patient safety culture perceptions of U.S. hospital staff in a large national survey are related to publicly reported patient safety ratings of hospitals. It found a positive relationship between hospital staff perceptions of patient safety culture and the Consumer Reports Hospital Safety Score, which is a composite of patient experience and outcomes data from federal databases.
AHRQ-funded; 290201300003C.
Citation: Smith SA, Yount N, Sorra J .
Exploring relationships between hospital patient safety culture and Consumer Reports safety scores.
BMC Health Serv Res 2017 Feb 16;17(1):143. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2078-6.
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Keywords: Hospitals, Patient Safety, Provider, Provider: Health Personnel
Press A, Khan S, McCullagh L
Avoiding alert fatigue in pulmonary embolism decision support: a new method to examine 'trigger rates.'
The authors developed a new and innovative usability process named 'sensitivity and specificity trigger analysis' (SSTA) as part of a larger project around a pulmonary embolism decision support tool. They explored a unique methodology, SSTA, used to limit inaccurate triggering of a clinical decision support tool prior to integration into the electronic health record. They concluded that their methodology can be applied to other studies aiming to decrease triggering rates and increase adoption rates of previously validated clinical decision support system tools.
AHRQ-funded; HS022061.
Citation: Press A, Khan S, McCullagh L .
Avoiding alert fatigue in pulmonary embolism decision support: a new method to examine 'trigger rates.'
Evid Based Med 2016 Dec;21(6):203-07. doi: 10.1136/ebmed-2016-110440.
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Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Respiratory Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Provider: Health Personnel, Patient Safety
Sakata KK, Stephenson LS, Mulanax A
Professional and interprofessional differences in electronic health records use and recognition of safety issues in critically ill patients.
The authors conducted this study to determine how each professional group - physicians, nurses, and pharmacists - reviews electronic health records (EHR) data in preparation for rounds and their ability to identify patient safety issues. They found significant and non-overlapping differences in individual profession recognition of patient safety issues in the EHR which may be attributed to differences in EHR use.
AHRQ-funded; HS023793; HS021637.
Citation: Sakata KK, Stephenson LS, Mulanax A .
Professional and interprofessional differences in electronic health records use and recognition of safety issues in critically ill patients.
J Interprof Care 2016 Sep;30(5):636-42. doi: 10.1080/13561820.2016.1193479.
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Keywords: Critical Care, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Provider: Health Personnel, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Patient Safety
Musuuza JS, Barker A, Ngam C
Assessment of fidelity in interventions to improve hand hygiene of healthcare workers: a systematic review.
The researchers examined fidelity reporting in interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance and assessed 5 measures of intervention fidelity. They found that participant responsiveness and adherence to the intervention were the most frequently unreported fidelity measures, while quality of the delivery was the most frequently reported measure. To facilitate replication and effective implementation, the authors recommended that reporting fidelity should be standard practice when describing results of complex behavioral interventions such as hand hygiene.
AHRQ-funded; HS024039.
Citation: Musuuza JS, Barker A, Ngam C .
Assessment of fidelity in interventions to improve hand hygiene of healthcare workers: a systematic review.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 May;37(5):567-75. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.341.
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Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Provider: Health Personnel, Patient Safety, Prevention
Szymczak JE
Infections and interaction rituals in the organisation: clinician accounts of speaking up or remaining silent in the face of threats to patient safety.
The author examined how clinicians talk about speaking up or not in the face of breaches in infection prevention technique. Mutual focus of attention, interactional path dependence, and the presence of an audience are reasons found that influence the decision to speak up in a clinical setting. This decision is dynamic, highly context-dependent, embedded in the interaction rituals that suffuse everyday work, and constrained by organizational dynamics.
AHRQ-funded; HS020760.
Citation: Szymczak JE .
Infections and interaction rituals in the organisation: clinician accounts of speaking up or remaining silent in the face of threats to patient safety.
Sociol Health Illn 2016 Feb;38(2):325-39. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12371.
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Keywords: Communication, Provider: Health Personnel, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Prevention
Rabatin J, Williams E, Baier Manwell L
Predictors and outcomes of burnout in primary care physicians.
This study assessed relationships between primary care work conditions, physician burnout, quality of care, and medical errors. It found that burnout is highly associated with adverse work conditions and a greater intention to leave the practice, but not with adverse patient outcomes. Care quality thus appears to be preserved at great personal cost to primary care physicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS011955.
Citation: Rabatin J, Williams E, Baier Manwell L .
Predictors and outcomes of burnout in primary care physicians.
J Prim Care Community Health 2016 Jan;7(1):41-3. doi: 10.1177/2150131915607799.
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Keywords: Provider: Health Personnel, Primary Care, Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Quality of Care
O'Leary KJ, Creden AJ, Slade ME
Implementation of unit-based interventions to improve teamwork and patient safety on a medical service.
The authors compared a pre- versus post-intervention on Structured Interdisciplinary Rounds (SIDRs). They found that paired analyses for 82 professionals completing surveys revealed improved teamwork, which was driven mainly by nurses, and that the adverse events rate was similar across study periods; however, SIDR did not reduce adverse events.
AHRQ-funded; HS019630.
Citation: O'Leary KJ, Creden AJ, Slade ME .
Implementation of unit-based interventions to improve teamwork and patient safety on a medical service.
Am J Med Qual 2015 Sep-Oct;30(5):409-16. doi: 10.1177/1062860614538093.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Provider: Health Personnel, Inpatient Care, Patient Safety, Teams
Kruger JF, Chen AH, Rybkin A
Clinician perspectives on considering radiation exposure to patients when ordering imaging tests: a qualitative study.
The authors examined outpatient clinician attitudes towards considering radiation exposure when ordering CT scans and clinician reactions to displaying radiation exposure information for CT scans at clinician electronic order entry. They found that displaying clinically relevant radiation exposure information at order entry may improve clinician knowledge and inform patient-clinician discussions regarding risks and benefits of imaging.
AHRQ-funded; HS018090.
Citation: Kruger JF, Chen AH, Rybkin A .
Clinician perspectives on considering radiation exposure to patients when ordering imaging tests: a qualitative study.
BMJ Qual Saf 2014 Nov;23(11):893-901. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002773.
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Keywords: Decision Making, Provider: Health Personnel, Imaging, Patient Safety, Practice Patterns
Profit J, Sharek PJ, Amspoker AB
Burnout in the NICU setting and its relation to safety culture.
The objectives of this study are three-fold: to test the psychometric properties of a brief four-item burnout scale; to provide neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) burnout and resilience benchmarking data across different units and caregiver types; and to examine the relationships between caregiver burnout and patient safety culture. The authors found that NICU caregiver burnout appears to have 'climate-like' features, is prevalent, and is associated with lower perceptions of patient safety culture.
AHRQ-funded; HS014246.
Citation: Profit J, Sharek PJ, Amspoker AB .
Burnout in the NICU setting and its relation to safety culture.
BMJ Qual Saf 2014 Oct;23(10):806-13. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2014-002831.
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Keywords: Provider: Health Personnel, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Newborns/Infants, Patient Safety