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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
151 to 175 of 251 Research Studies DisplayedIbrahim AM, Ghaferi AA, Thumma JR
Variation in outcomes at bariatric surgery centers of excellence.
This review describes the variation in surgical outcomes across bariatric centers of excellence and the geographic availability of high-quality centers. Even among accredited bariatric surgery centers, wide variation exists in rates of postoperative serious complications across geographic location and operative volumes.
AHRQ-funded; HS02362; HS024403.
Citation: Ibrahim AM, Ghaferi AA, Thumma JR .
Variation in outcomes at bariatric surgery centers of excellence.
JAMA Surg 2017 Jul;152(7):629-36. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0542.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Obesity, Surgery, Outcomes, Adverse Events
O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Burda BU
Screening for obesity and intervention for weight management in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers conducted a systematic review of the benefits and harms of screening and treatment for obesity and overweight in children and adolescents to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. They concluded that lifestyle-based weight loss interventions with 26 or more hours of intervention contact are likely to help reduce excess weight in children and adolescents. The clinical significance of the small benefit of medication use is unclear.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015IEPC4.
Citation: O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Burda BU .
Screening for obesity and intervention for weight management in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2017 Jun 20;317(23):2427-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.0332.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Chang SH, Liu X, Carlsson NP
Reexamining the association of body mass index with overall survival outcomes after liver transplantation.
The purpose of this study is to identify the range of body mass index (BMI) at liver transplantation (LT) associated with the lowest risks of posttransplant mortality by Model of End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) category. It concluded that obesity in LT patients is not necessarily associated with higher posttransplantation mortality and highlighted the importance of the interaction between BMI and MELD category to determine their survival likelihood.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Chang SH, Liu X, Carlsson NP .
Reexamining the association of body mass index with overall survival outcomes after liver transplantation.
Transplant Direct 2017 Jun 12;3(7):e172. doi: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000681.
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Keywords: Obesity, Transplantation, Mortality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Bello JK, Mohanty N, Bauer V
Pediatric hypertension: provider perspectives.
The researchers aimed to gain insights into reasons for low rates of diagnosis and treatment from primary care providers. In interviews, providers reflected on numerous barriers to diagnosis, management, and follow-up; recommendations for educational content; and how community health center systems can be improved. Findings informed development of a multifaceted intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS024100.
Citation: Bello JK, Mohanty N, Bauer V .
Pediatric hypertension: provider perspectives.
Glob Pediatr Health 2017 Jun 6;4:2333794x17712637. doi: 10.1177/2333794x17712637.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Healthcare Delivery, Blood Pressure, Obesity, Primary Care
Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
The authors of this study compared the effects of alternate behavioral interventions on obesity-related health behaviors by conducting a comparative effectiveness education trial in a community-based sample of 530 adult African Americans. The investigators suggest that education about risk factors for chronic disease and evidence-based strategies for health behavior change may be useful for addressing obesity-related behaviors among African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS019339.
Citation: Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V .
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
Health Educ Res 2017 Jun 1;32(3):207-18. doi: 10.1093/her/cyx039..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Lifestyle Changes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Bossick AS, Barone C, Alexander GL
Teen, parent, and clinician expectations about obesity and related conditions during the annual well-child visit.
This study examined family (patient and parent/guardian) and clinician preferences for identification and management of obesity and obesity-related conditions during the well-child visit. Teens and parents expect weight to be discussed at well-child visits, and prefer discussions to come from a trusted clinician who uses serious, consistent language. Providers recognize several challenges and barriers to discussing weight management in the well-child visit.
AHRQ-funded; HS022417.
Citation: Bossick AS, Barone C, Alexander GL .
Teen, parent, and clinician expectations about obesity and related conditions during the annual well-child visit.
J Patient Cent Res Rev 2017 Summer;4(3):114-24. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1444.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Richardson MB, Williams MS, Fontaine KR
The development of scientific evidence for health policies for obesity: why and how?.
The authors discuss the relevance, and in some cases irrelevance, of some of the types of evidence that are often brought to bear in considering obesity-related policy decisions. They then discuss major methods used to generate such evidence, emphasizing study design and the varying quality of the evidence obtained. They also consider what the standards of evidence should be in various contexts.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Richardson MB, Williams MS, Fontaine KR .
The development of scientific evidence for health policies for obesity: why and how?.
Int J Obes 2017 Jun;41(6):840-48. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2017.71.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Obesity, Policy
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention designed to facilitate partner support for lifestyle change among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness. After 12 weeks, approximately two-thirds of participants were below their baseline weight at follow-up, including 27 percent who achieved clinically significant weight loss.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
Community Ment Health J 2017 May;53(4):394-404. doi: 10.1007/s10597-017-0100-4.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Using a computational simulation model that was developed to represent all US children ages 8-11 years, the researchers estimated that if 50 percent of children would exercise, the number of obese and overweight youth would decrease by 4 percent, averting $8.1 billion in direct medical costs and $13.8 billion in lost productivity.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E .
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Health Aff 2017 May;36(5):902-08. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1315.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Lifestyle Changes, Healthcare Costs, Obesity
Chang SH, Yu YC, Carlsson NP
Racial disparity in life expectancies and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions.
This study investigated racial disparity in life expectancies (LEs) and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions. It found that black individuals had higher risks of developing diabetes, hypertension, and stroke. This disparity in LE between white and black participants was largest in men age 40 to 49 with at least stroke: black men lived 3.12 years shorter than white men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Chang SH, Yu YC, Carlsson NP .
Racial disparity in life expectancies and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions.
Obesity 2017 May;25(5):950-57. doi: 10.1002/oby.21822.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Health Status, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Masterson Creber RM, Fleck E, Liu J
Identifying the complexity of multiple risk factors for obesity among urban Latinas.
The prevalence of obesity is rising rapidly among Hispanics/Latinas. Researchers evaluated the prevalence of being obese or overweight and associated risk factors among 630 low-income, Latina women. They found that being obese was strongly associated with having hypertension, pre-hypertension, diabetes and moderate/moderately severe/severe depression. Women who reported that finding time was a barrier to physical activity were also more likely to be obese.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853.
Citation: Masterson Creber RM, Fleck E, Liu J .
Identifying the complexity of multiple risk factors for obesity among urban Latinas.
J Immigr Minor Health 2017 Apr;19(2):275-84. doi: 10.1007/s10903-016-0433-z.
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Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity, Risk, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Urban Health
Fiechtner L, Cheng ER, Lopez G
Multilevel correlates of healthy BMI maintenance and return to a healthy BMI among children in Massachusetts.
This study examined predictors of healthy BMI maintenance (HBM) or return to a healthy BMI (RHB) among children. It found that racial/ethnic minorities had lower odds of HBM and RHB than non-Hispanic white children. Higher neighborhood median household income, proximity to a supermarket, and access to more open recreational space were associated with a higher odds of HBM.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Cheng ER, Lopez G .
Multilevel correlates of healthy BMI maintenance and return to a healthy BMI among children in Massachusetts.
Child Obes 2017 Apr;13(2):146-53. doi: 10.1089/chi.2016.0261.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Obesity, Social Determinants of Health
Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C
AHRQ Author: Biener A
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
The purpose of this editorial is to provide new information on the medical care costs of obesity that help motivate various weight loss interventions. The editorial is a part of a special issue with articles examining behavioral, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions for weight loss, based on a 2016 conference on state-of-the-art weight management hosted by the Veterans Health Administration.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Biener A, Cawley J, Meyerhoefer C .
The high and rising costs of obesity to the US health care system.
J Gen Intern Med 2017 Apr;32(Suppl 1):6-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3968-8.
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Keywords: Obesity, Healthcare Costs, Obesity: Weight Management, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Turer CB, Barlow SE, Montano S
Discrepancies in communication versus documentation of weight-management benchmarks: analysis of recorded visits with Latino children and associated health-record documentation.
To examine gaps in communication versus documentation of weight-management clinical practices, communication was recorded during primary care visits with 6- to 12-year-old overweight/obese Latino children. The researchers found that benchmarks were neither communicated nor documented in up to 42 percent of visits, and communicated but not documented or documented but not communicated in up to 20 percent of visits.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Turer CB, Barlow SE, Montano S .
Discrepancies in communication versus documentation of weight-management benchmarks: analysis of recorded visits with Latino children and associated health-record documentation.
Glob Pediatr Health 2017 Feb 6;4:2333794x16685190. doi: 10.1177/2333794x16685190.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Communication, Obesity, Primary Care, Obesity: Weight Management
Hart R, Veenstra DL, Boudreau DM
Impact of body mass index and genetics on warfarin major bleeding outcomes in a community setting.
The researchers conducted a case-control study to evaluate the association between body mass index and major bleeding risk among patients receiving warfarin. They found that obese patients had significantly lower major bleeding risk relative to non-obese patients . An exploratory analysis indicated a statistically significant interaction between CYP4F2*3 genetic status and obesity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Hart R, Veenstra DL, Boudreau DM .
Impact of body mass index and genetics on warfarin major bleeding outcomes in a community setting.
Am J Med 2017 Feb;130(2):222-28. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.017.
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Keywords: Blood Thinners, Obesity, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Adverse Events
Batsis JA, Pletcher SN, Stahl JE
Telemedicine and primary care obesity management in rural areas - innovative approach for older adults?
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid recognized the importance of treating obesity and instituted a benefit in primary care settings to encourage intensive behavioral therapy in beneficiaries by primary care clinicians. This benefit covers frequent, brief, clinic visits designed to address older adult obesity. This review outlines some of the challenges with the current benefit and proposed solutions in overcoming rural primary care barriers to implementation, including changes in staffing models.
AHRQ-funded; HS021681.
Citation: Batsis JA, Pletcher SN, Stahl JE .
Telemedicine and primary care obesity management in rural areas - innovative approach for older adults?
BMC Geriatr 2017 Jan 5;17(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12877-016-0396-x.
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Keywords: Telehealth, Primary Care, Obesity, Rural Health, Elderly
Wilfley DE, Staiano AE, Altman M
Improving Access and Systems of Care for Evidence-Based Childhood Obesity Treatment: conference key findings and next steps.
This conference sought ways to improve systems of care to advance implementation of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for childhood obesity treatment and to expand payment for these services. Consensus recommendations for childhood obesity treatment included: family-based multicomponent behavioral therapy; integrated care model; and multidisciplinary care team.
AHRQ-funded; HS022816.
Citation: Wilfley DE, Staiano AE, Altman M .
Improving Access and Systems of Care for Evidence-Based Childhood Obesity Treatment: conference key findings and next steps.
Obesity 2017 Jan;25(1):16-29. doi: 10.1002/oby.21712.
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Keywords: Obesity, Children/Adolescents, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Behavioral Health, Access to Care
Kolko RP, Kass AE, Hayes JF
Provider training to screen and initiate evidence-based pediatric obesity treatment in routine practice settings: a randomized pilot trial.
This randomized pilot trial evaluated two training modalities for first-line, evidence-based pediatric obesity services (screening and goal setting) among nursing students. Both live interactive training and Web-facilitated self-study training were acceptable, with higher ratings for live training and participants with previous experience. Knowledge and skill improved from pretraining to post-training and follow-up in both conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kolko RP, Kass AE, Hayes JF .
Provider training to screen and initiate evidence-based pediatric obesity treatment in routine practice settings: a randomized pilot trial.
J Pediatr Health Care 2017 Jan - Feb;31(1):16-28. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2016.01.001.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Nursing, Obesity, Training
Leung MY, Carlsson NP, Colditz GA
The burden of obesity on diabetes in the United States: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2008 to 2012.
The researchers analyzed the risk of developing diabetes and the annual cost of diabetes for a US general population. Their results suggested that the annual health care expenditure differentials between those with and without diabetes of age 50 years were the highest for individuals with class II ($12,907) and class III ($9,703) obesity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Leung MY, Carlsson NP, Colditz GA .
The burden of obesity on diabetes in the United States: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2008 to 2012.
Value Health 2017 Jan;20(1):77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.08.735.
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Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Obesity, Diabetes, Healthcare Costs, Risk
McDonald ML, Huang A, Proudfoot JA
Association of obesity, BMI, and Hispanic ethnicity on ambulatory status in children with spinal dysraphism followed near the California-Mexico border.
This study evaluated the relationship between body mass index (BMI), overweight status (OW), or obesity (OB) and ambulatory status in a predominantly Hispanic population of children with spinal dysraphism (SD). It found that,despite no difference in ambulatory status, increasing BMI and OW / OB are associated with Hispanic ethnicity and increasing age.
AHRQ-funded; HS022404.
Citation: McDonald ML, Huang A, Proudfoot JA .
Association of obesity, BMI, and Hispanic ethnicity on ambulatory status in children with spinal dysraphism followed near the California-Mexico border.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2016;27(4):1956-69. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0173.
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Keywords: Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Children/Adolescents, Health Status
Heerman WJ, Mitchell SJ, Thompson J
Parental perception of built environment characteristics and built environment use among Latino families: a cross-sectional study.
The researchers examined the association of perceived availability, condition, and safety of the built environment with its self-reported use for physical activity among underserved families with children at risk for obesity. In their sample of underserved families, perceived availability and condition of built environment structures were associated with use rather than perceived safety.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Heerman WJ, Mitchell SJ, Thompson J .
Parental perception of built environment characteristics and built environment use among Latino families: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Public Health 2016 Nov 22;16(1):1180. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3854-7.
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Keywords: Obesity, Social Determinants of Health, Children/Adolescents, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Vulnerable Populations
Tung EL, Peek ME, Makelarski JA
Adult BMI and access to built environment resources in a high-poverty, urban geography.
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between BMI and access to built environment resources in a high-poverty, urban geography. BMI was not associated with potential access to resources located nearest to home. Nearly all participants bypassed at least one nearby resource type; half bypassed nearby grocers (realized access >1 mile from home). Bypassing grocers was associated with a higher BMI.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Tung EL, Peek ME, Makelarski JA .
Adult BMI and access to built environment resources in a high-poverty, urban geography.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Nov;51(5):e119-e27. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.04.019.
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Keywords: Low-Income, Obesity, Urban Health
Varban OA, Greenberg CC, Schram J
Surgical skill in bariatric surgery: Does skill in one procedure predict outcomes for another?
Whether skill for one bariatric procedure can predict outcomes for another related procedure is unknown. This study found that video ratings of surgical skill with laparoscopic gastric bypass do not predict outcomes of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Evaluation of surgical skill with one procedure may not apply to other related procedures and may require independent assessment of surgical technical proficiency.
AHRQ-funded; R01 HS023597.
Citation: Varban OA, Greenberg CC, Schram J .
Surgical skill in bariatric surgery: Does skill in one procedure predict outcomes for another?
Surgery 2016 Nov;160(5):1172-81. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.04.033.
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Keywords: Surgery, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Outcomes, Provider Performance
Waljee JF, Ghaferi A, Cassidy R
Are patient-reported outcomes correlated with clinical outcomes after surgery? A population-based study.
The researchers evaluated the extent to which patient-reported outcomes (eg, health-related quality of life) are distinct from clinical outcomes following bariatric surgery. They concluded that patient-reported outcomes are not correlated with early perioperative events, but are correlated with measures of clinical effectiveness after bariatric surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Waljee JF, Ghaferi A, Cassidy R .
Are patient-reported outcomes correlated with clinical outcomes after surgery? A population-based study.
Ann Surg 2016 Oct;264(4):682-9. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001852.
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Keywords: Surgery, Obesity, Adverse Events, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Safety
Sharifi M, Sequist TD, Rifas-Shiman SL
The role of neighborhood characteristics and the built environment in understanding racial/ethnic disparities in childhood obesity.
The authors sought to examine the extent to which racial/ethnic disparities in elevated child body mass index (BMI) are explained by neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and the built environment. They concluded that SES and the built environment may be important drivers of childhood obesity disparities and that interventions must be tailored to the neighborhood contexts in which families live.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Sharifi M, Sequist TD, Rifas-Shiman SL .
The role of neighborhood characteristics and the built environment in understanding racial/ethnic disparities in childhood obesity.
Prev Med 2016 Oct;91:103-09. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.009.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health