National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Access to Care (2)
- Decision Making (1)
- Disparities (2)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- (-) Health Services Research (HSR) (14)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Policy (8)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Registries (7)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- (-) Transplantation (14)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedWey A, Valapour M, Skeans
Heart and lung organ offer acceptance practices of transplant programs are associated with waitlist mortality and organ yield.
Variation in heart and lung offer acceptance practices may affect numbers of transplanted organs and create variability in waitlist mortality. In this study, the authors examined offered acceptance ratios, or adjusted odds ratios, for heart and lung transplant programs individually and for all programs within donation service areas (DSAs) using offers from donors recovered July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Wey A, Valapour M, Skeans .
Heart and lung organ offer acceptance practices of transplant programs are associated with waitlist mortality and organ yield.
Am J Transplant 2018 Aug;18(8):2061-67. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14885..
Keywords: Transplantation, Health Services Research (HSR), Mortality
Henderson ML, DiBrito SR, Thomas AG
Landscape of living multiorgan donation in the United States: a registry-based cohort study.
This registry-based cohort study examined the patient characteristics and outcomes associated with living multiorgan donation in the United States. The authors assert that careful documentation of outcomes is needed to ensure ethical practices in selection, informed consent, and postdonation care of this unique donor community.
AHRQ-funded; HS024600.
Citation: Henderson ML, DiBrito SR, Thomas AG .
Landscape of living multiorgan donation in the United States: a registry-based cohort study.
Transplantation 2018 Jul;102(7):1148-55. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002082..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Policy, Registries, Transplantation
Wey A, Gustafson SK, Salkowski N
Program-specific transplant rate ratios: association with allocation priority at listing and posttransplant outcomes.
The Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) is considering more prominent reporting of program-specific adjusted transplant rate ratios (TRRs). To enable more useful reporting of TRRs, SRTR updated the transplant rate models to adjust explicitly for components of allocation priority. In this study, the investigators evaluated potential associations between TRRs and components of allocation priority that could indicate programs' ability to manipulate TRRs by denying or delaying access to low-priority candidates.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Wey A, Gustafson SK, Salkowski N .
Program-specific transplant rate ratios: association with allocation priority at listing and posttransplant outcomes.
Am J Transplant 2018 Jun;18(6):1360-69. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14684..
Keywords: Transplantation, Registries, Health Services Research (HSR)
Ashlagi I, Bingaman A, Burq M
Effect of match-run frequencies on the number of transplants and waiting times in kidney exchange.
Many U.S. kidney paired donation (KPD) registries have gradually shifted to high-frequency match-runs, raising the question of whether this harms the number of transplants. The authors conducted simulations and found that longer intervals between match-runs do not increase the total number of transplants, and that prioritizing highly sensitized patients is more effective than waiting longer between match-runs for transplanting these patients. Further, increasing arrival rates of new pairs improves both the fraction of transplanted pairs and waiting times.
AHRQ-funded; HS020610.
Citation: Ashlagi I, Bingaman A, Burq M .
Effect of match-run frequencies on the number of transplants and waiting times in kidney exchange.
Am J Transplant 2018 May;18(5):1177-86. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14566..
Keywords: Transplantation, Kidney Disease and Health, Health Services Research (HSR), Policy, Registries
Wey A, Pyke J, Schladt DP
Offer acceptance practices and geographic variability in allocation model for end-stage liver disease at transplant.
Offer acceptance practices may cause geographic variability in allocation Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (aMELD) score at transplant and could magnify the effect of donor supply and demand on aMELD variability. To evaluate these issues, offer acceptance practices of liver transplant programs and donation service areas (DSAs) were estimated using offers of livers from donors recovered between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Wey A, Pyke J, Schladt DP .
Offer acceptance practices and geographic variability in allocation model for end-stage liver disease at transplant.
Liver Transpl 2018 Apr;24(4):478-87. doi: 10.1002/lt.25010..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Policy, Transplantation
Kilambi V, Bui K, Mehrotra S
LivSim: An open-source simulation software platform for community research and development for liver allocation policies.
This brief discusses LivSim, an open-source software alternative to the Liver Simulated Allocation Model (LSAM) created by the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. LivSim is an open-source simulation software platform for community research and development for liver allocation policies.
AHRQ-funded; HS024840.
Citation: Kilambi V, Bui K, Mehrotra S .
LivSim: An open-source simulation software platform for community research and development for liver allocation policies.
Transplantation 2018 Feb;102(2):e47-e48. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002000..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Policy, Transplantation
Kumar K, Holscher CM, Luo X
Persistent regional and racial disparities in nondirected living kidney donation.
Nondirected living donors (NDLDs) are an important and growing source of kidneys to help reduce the organ shortage. The authors of this study hypothesized that the initial geographic clustering and racial disparities may have improved due to an increase in NDLDs. The authors found that despite the increased number of NDLDs, racial disparities have worsened and the center-level distribution of NDLD transplants has narrowed in recent years.
AHRQ-funded; HS024600.
Citation: Kumar K, Holscher CM, Luo X .
Persistent regional and racial disparities in nondirected living kidney donation.
Clin Transplant 2017 Dec;31(12). doi: 10.1111/ctr.13135..
Keywords: Disparities, Health Services Research (HSR), Policy, Transplantation, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Henderson ML, Thomas AG, Shaffer A
The national landscape of living kidney donor follow-up in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of the 2013 policy the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network for Organ Sharing issued. The policy required that transplant centers collect data on living kidney donors (LKDs) at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postdonation, with policy-defined thresholds for the proportion of complete living donor follow-up data submitted in a timely manner (60 days before or after the expected visit date).
AHRQ-funded; HS024600.
Citation: Henderson ML, Thomas AG, Shaffer A .
The national landscape of living kidney donor follow-up in the United States.
Am J Transplant 2017 Dec;17(12):3131-40. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14356..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Policy, Registries, Transplantation
Schaffhausen CR, Bruin MJ, Chesley D
What patients and members of their support networks ask about transplant program data.
This study used qualitative document research methods to review 678 detailed Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) entries and summary counts of 55 362 United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) entries to provide a better understanding of what was asked and what requests were most common. Patients sought a wide range of information about outcomes, waiting times, program volumes, and willingness to perform transplants in candidates with specific diseases or demographics.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Schaffhausen CR, Bruin MJ, Chesley D .
What patients and members of their support networks ask about transplant program data.
Clin Transplant 2017 Dec;31(12). doi: 10.1111/ctr.13125.
.
.
Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Decision Making, Health Services Research (HSR), Registries, Transplantation
Wey A, Salkowski N, Kasiske BL
Influence of kidney offer acceptance behavior on metrics of allocation efficiency.
This study investigated associations of deceased donor kidney offer acceptance with likelihood of the kidney being discarded, cold ischemia time at transplant (CIT), and likelihood of the kidney being exported outside the donation service area (DSA). The authors suggest that improving lower-than-expected offer acceptance would likely reduce discards, CIT, and exports.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Wey A, Salkowski N, Kasiske BL .
Influence of kidney offer acceptance behavior on metrics of allocation efficiency.
Clin Transplant 2017 Sep;31(9). doi: 10.1111/ctr.13057..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Registries, Transplantation
Kasiske BL, Salkowski N, Wey A
Potential implications of recent and proposed changes in the regulatory oversight of solid organ transplantation in the United States.
The authors reviewed the details and implications of changes in transplant program oversight.
AHRQ-funded; HS024527.
Citation: Kasiske BL, Salkowski N, Wey A .
Potential implications of recent and proposed changes in the regulatory oversight of solid organ transplantation in the United States.
Am J Transplant 2016 Dec;16(12):3371-77. doi: 10.1111/ajt.13955.
.
.
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Policy, Registries, Policy, Transplantation
Orman ES, Mayorga ME, Wheeler SB
Declining liver graft quality threatens the future of liver transplantation in the United States.
This study used the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database to inform a 20-year discrete event simulation estimating liver transplantation (LT) volume from 2010 to 2030. It found that if donor liver utilization practices remain constant, utilization will fall from 78 percent to 44 percent by 2030, resulting in 2,230 fewer LTs.
AHRQ-funded; HS019468.
Citation: Orman ES, Mayorga ME, Wheeler SB .
Declining liver graft quality threatens the future of liver transplantation in the United States.
Liver Transpl 2015 Aug;21(8):1040-50. doi: 10.1002/lt.24160..
Keywords: Healthcare Utilization, Health Services Research (HSR), Transplantation
Davis AE, Mehrotra S, Friedewald JJ
Improving geographic equity in kidney transplantation using alternative kidney sharing and optimization modeling.
The authors analyzed current kidney allocation and developed an alternative kidney sharing strategy using a multiperiod linear optimization model, KSHARE, which aims to improve geographic equity in kidney transplantation while also respecting transplant system constraints and priorities. They used Organ Procurement and Transplant Network data to determine that enhancing the practice of sharing kidneys by the KSHARE model may increase geographic equity in kidney transplantation.
AHRQ-funded; HS021078.
Citation: Davis AE, Mehrotra S, Friedewald JJ .
Improving geographic equity in kidney transplantation using alternative kidney sharing and optimization modeling.
Med Decis Making 2015 Aug;35(6):797-807. doi: 10.1177/0272989x14557696.
.
.
Keywords: Access to Care, Disparities, Health Services Research (HSR), Social Determinants of Health, Transplantation
Toro-Diaz H, Mayorga ME, Barritt AS
Predicting liver transplant capacity using discrete event simulation.
The researchers constructed a discrete event simulation model informed by current donor characteristics to predict future liver transplant trends through the year 2030. They found that by altering assumptions about the future donor pool, their model can be used to develop policy interventions to prevent a further decline in this lifesaving therapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS019468.
Citation: Toro-Diaz H, Mayorga ME, Barritt AS .
Predicting liver transplant capacity using discrete event simulation.
Med Decis Making 2015 Aug;35(6):784-96. doi: 10.1177/0272989x14559055.
.
.
Keywords: Access to Care, Health Services Research (HSR), Policy, Transplantation