National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
251 to 275 of 368 Research Studies DisplayedGounder PP, Seeman SM, Holman RC
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Potentially preventable hospitalizations for acute and chronic conditions in Alaska, 2010-2012.
The Healthy Alaska 2020 initiative (HA2020) targeted reducing potentially preventable hospitalizations (PPH) for acute and chronic conditions among its health indicators. This study found that among 127,371 total hospitalizations, 4,911 and 6,721 were for acute and chronic PPH conditions, respectively. The overall crude PPH rate was 7.3 (3.1 for acute and 4.2 for chronic conditions).
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Gounder PP, Seeman SM, Holman RC .
Potentially preventable hospitalizations for acute and chronic conditions in Alaska, 2010-2012.
Prev Med Rep 2016 Dec;4:614-21. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.03.017.
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Keywords: Hospitalization, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Quality Indicators (QIs), Chronic Conditions, Quality of Care
Brown JR, Rezaee ME, Hisey WM
Reduced mortality associated with acute kidney injury requiring dialysis in the United States.
The researchers describe the epidemiology of dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury (AKI-D) as well as associated in-hospital mortality in the US. They found that the incidence rate of AKI-D has increased considerably in the US since 2001. However, in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D hospital admissions has decreased significantly. AHRQ-funded; HS018443.
AHRQ-funded; HS018443.
Citation: Brown JR, Rezaee ME, Hisey WM .
Reduced mortality associated with acute kidney injury requiring dialysis in the United States.
Am J Nephrol 2016;43(4):261-70. doi: 10.1159/000445846.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Adverse Events, Mortality, Patient Safety, Kidney Disease and Health
Jarman MP, Castillo RC
Rural risk: geographic disparities in trauma mortality.
The authors sought to quantify differences in injury mortality comparing rural and nonrural residents with traumatic injuries. They concluded that rural residents are significantly more likely than nonrural residents to die after traumatic injury, a disparity that varies by trauma center designation, injury severity, and US Census region.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Jarman MP, Castillo RC .
Rural risk: geographic disparities in trauma mortality.
Surgery 2016 Dec;160(6):1551-59. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.06.020.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Disparities, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Rural Health
Pershing S, Morrison DE, Hernandez-Boussard T
Cataract surgery complications and revisit rates among three states.
The authors studied cataract procedures from California, Florida, and New York, to characterize population-based 30-day procedure-related readmissions following surgery. Their results highlight the importance of age as a risk factor for cataract surgery readmissions, and suggest a relationship between black or Hispanic race, Medicaid insurance, and diabetes associated with higher risk for cataract surgery complications.
AHRQ-funded; HS018558.
Citation: Pershing S, Morrison DE, Hernandez-Boussard T .
Cataract surgery complications and revisit rates among three states.
Am J Ophthalmol 2016 Nov;171:130-38. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.08.036.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Eye Disease and Health, Surgery, Hospital Readmissions, Adverse Events
Leyenaar JK, Ralston SL, Shieh MS
Epidemiology of pediatric hospitalizations at general hospitals and freestanding children's hospitals in the United States.
Researchers described the volume and characteristics of pediatric hospitalizations at acute care general and freestanding children's hospitals in the United States. They found that, in 2012, more than 70 percent of pediatric hospitalizations occurred at general hospitals in the United States. Although the most common reasons for hospitalization were similar, the most costly conditions differed.
AHRQ-funded; HS024133.
Citation: Leyenaar JK, Ralston SL, Shieh MS .
Epidemiology of pediatric hospitalizations at general hospitals and freestanding children's hospitals in the United States.
J Hosp Med 2016 Nov;11(11):743-49. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2624.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Hospitals, Children/Adolescents
Johnson SA, Shi J, Groner JI
Inter-facility transfer of pediatric burn patients from U.S. Emergency Departments.
This study described the epidemiology of pediatric burn patients seen in U.S. emergency departments (EDs) in order to determine factors associated with inter-facility transfer. It concluded that over 90 percent of pediatric burn ED patients meet ABA burn referral criteria but are not transferred from low volume hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS022277.
Citation: Johnson SA, Shi J, Groner JI .
Inter-facility transfer of pediatric burn patients from U.S. Emergency Departments.
Burns 2016 Nov;42(7):1413-22. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2016.06.024.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Transitions of Care, Children/Adolescents, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Guidelines
Thompson MP, Kaplan CM, Cao Y
Reliability of 30-day readmission measures used in the hospital readmission reduction program.
The researchers assessed the reliability of risk-standardized readmission rates (RSRRs) for medical conditions and surgical procedures used in the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP). They found that approximately 25 percent of payments for excess readmissions were tied to unreliable RSRRs. Unreliable measures blur the connection between hospital performance and incentives, and threaten the success of the HRRP.
AHRQ-funded; HS023783.
Citation: Thompson MP, Kaplan CM, Cao Y .
Reliability of 30-day readmission measures used in the hospital readmission reduction program.
Health Serv Res 2016 Oct 21;51(6):2095-114. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12587.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Hospitals, Elderly, Quality Measures
Bommarito KM, Gross GA, Willers DM
The effect of clinical chorioamnionitis on cesarean delivery in the United States.
This study examined the association of clinical chorioamnionitis on cesarean delivery in a national sample of hospital discharges. It found that women with clinical chorioamnionitis were more likely to have cesarean delivery than those without clinical chorioamnionitis. The risk of cesarean delivery varied significantly by hospital location, teaching status, and U.S. region.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Bommarito KM, Gross GA, Willers DM .
The effect of clinical chorioamnionitis on cesarean delivery in the United States.
Health Serv Res 2016 Oct;51(5):1879-95. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12447.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Labor and Delivery, Pregnancy, Risk, Women
Dy CJ, Baty J, Saeed MJ
A population-based analysis of time to surgery and travel distances for brachial plexus surgery.
Since the published brachial plexus injuries (BPI) experience is largely from individual centers, the authors used a population-based approach to evaluate the delivery of care for patients with BPI. They found that nearly one third of patients underwent BPI surgery more than 1 year after the injury, with patients initially treated at smaller hospitals at risk for undergoing delayed BPI surgery. These findings can inform efforts to expedite timely referral of patients with BPI to experienced centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Dy CJ, Baty J, Saeed MJ .
A population-based analysis of time to surgery and travel distances for brachial plexus surgery.
J Hand Surg Am 2016 Sep;41(9):903-09.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.07.054.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Healthcare Delivery, Surgery, Neurological Disorders
Tate JE, Yen C, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Intussusception rates before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.
The researchers examined trends in intussusception hospitalizations before (2000-2005) and after (2007-2013) rotavirus vaccine introduction to assess whether this observed temporal risk translates into more hospitalized cases at the population level. They concluded that, given the magnitude of declines in rotavirus disease compared with this small increase in intussusception, the benefits of rotavirus vaccination outweigh the increase risk of intussusception.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tate JE, Yen C, Steiner CA .
Intussusception rates before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.
Pediatrics 2016 Sep;138(3). doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-1082.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Vaccination, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Hospitalization
Spector WD, Limcangco R, Owens PL
AHRQ Author: Spector WD, Limcangco R, Owens PL, Steiner CA
Marginal hospital cost of surgery-related hospital-acquired pressure ulcers.
The researchers estimated the hospital marginal cost of a hospital-acquired pressure ulcer (HAPU) for adults patients who were hospitalized for major surgeries, adjusted for patient characteristics, comorbidities, procedures, and hospital characteristics. They found that 3.5 percent of major surgical patients developed HAPUs and that the HAPUs added approximately $8,200 to the cost of a surgical stay after adjusting for comorbidities, patient characteristics, procedures, and hospital characteristics.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Spector WD, Limcangco R, Owens PL .
Marginal hospital cost of surgery-related hospital-acquired pressure ulcers.
Med Care 2016 Sep;54(9):845-51. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000558.
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Keywords: Pressure Ulcers, Surgery, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Healthcare Costs, Patient Safety
Bangalore S, Guo Y, Xu J
Rates of invasive management of cardiogenic shock in New York before and after exclusion from public reporting.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the referral rates for cardiac catheterization, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or coronary artery bypass graft have improved in New York since cardiogenic shock was excluded from public reporting in 2008 and compare them with corresponding rates in Michigan, New Jersey, and California. Although rates of PCI, invasive management, and revascularization have increased substantially after the exclusion of cardiogenic shock from public reporting in New York, these rates remain consistently lower than those observed in other states without public reporting.
AHRQ-funded; HS023683.
Citation: Bangalore S, Guo Y, Xu J .
Rates of invasive management of cardiogenic shock in New York before and after exclusion from public reporting.
JAMA Cardiol 2016 Sep 1;1(6):640-7. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0785..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Public Reporting, Surgery, Cardiovascular Conditions
Martsolf GR, Barrett ML, Weiss AJ
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA, Coffey R
Impact of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on risk-adjusted hospital readmission rates following hip and knee arthroplasty.
This study examined the extent to which risk-adjusting for race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status affected hospital performance in terms of readmission rates following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It found that inclusion of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status in the risk-adjustment algorithm led to a relative-performance change in readmission rates following THA and TKA at less than 3 percent of the hospitals.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201300002C.
Citation: Martsolf GR, Barrett ML, Weiss AJ .
Impact of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on risk-adjusted hospital readmission rates following hip and knee arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2016 Aug 17;98(16):1385-91. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.15.00884.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Hospital Readmissions, Surgery
Zhang W, Lyman S, Boutin-Foster C
Racial and ethnic disparities in utilization rate, hospital volume, and perioperative outcomes after total knee arthroplasty.
The researchers sought to study racial disparities in the utilization of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the use of high-volume hospitals, and TKA outcomes, including mortality and complications, using all-payer databases. They found that minorities had lower rates of TKA utilization but higher rates of adverse health outcomes associated with the procedure, even after adjusting for patient-related and health-care system-related characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS021734.
Citation: Zhang W, Lyman S, Boutin-Foster C .
Racial and ethnic disparities in utilization rate, hospital volume, and perioperative outcomes after total knee arthroplasty.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2016 Aug 3;98(15):1243-52. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.15.01009.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Healthcare Utilization, Surgery, Access to Care
Mehta AB, Cooke CR, Wiener RS
Hospital variation in early tracheostomy in the United States: a population-based study.
The researchers determined between-hospital variation in early tracheostomy utilization and the association of early tracheostomy with patient outcomes using hierarchical regression. They concluded that early tracheostomy is potentially overused among mechanically ventilated trauma patients, with nearly half of tracheostomies performed within the first week of mechanical ventilation and large unexplained hospital variation, without clear benefits.
AHRQ-funded; HS020672.
Citation: Mehta AB, Cooke CR, Wiener RS .
Hospital variation in early tracheostomy in the United States: a population-based study.
Crit Care Med 2016 Aug;44(8):1506-14. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001674.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Practice Patterns, Respiratory Conditions, Respiratory Conditions, Outcomes
Hsu DY, Gordon K, Silverberg JI
Serious infections in hospitalized patients with psoriasis in the United States.
The researchers sought to determine rates and predictors of serious infections in hospitalized psoriasis patients and quantify costs of care, length of stay, and mortality. Among patients with psoriasis, rates of serious infections increased over all time intervals analyzed and were significantly higher compared with those without psoriasis across all time intervals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Hsu DY, Gordon K, Silverberg JI .
Serious infections in hospitalized patients with psoriasis in the United States.
J Am Acad Dermatol 2016 Aug;75(2):287-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.04.005..
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Healthcare Costs, Inpatient Care
Shah MP, Tate JE, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Decline in emergency department visits for acute gastroenteritis among children in 10 US states after implementation of rotavirus vaccination, 2003-2013.
The researchers compared the rates of gastroenteritis- and rotavirus-coded ED visits among children <5 years of age in pre-rotavirus vaccine (2003 to 2006) with those in postvaccine (2008-2013) years; 2007 was excluded as a transition year They concluded that. ED visits for gastroenteritis in US children have declined since the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Shah MP, Tate JE, Steiner CA .
Decline in emergency department visits for acute gastroenteritis among children in 10 US states after implementation of rotavirus vaccination, 2003-2013.
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2016 Jul;35(7):782-6. doi: 10.1097/inf.0000000000001175.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Vaccination, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Digestive Disease and Health
Jiang HJ, Reiter KL, Wang J
AHRQ Author: Jiang HJ
Measuring mortality performance: How did safety-net hospitals compare with other hospitals?
This study assessed mortality performance of safety-net hospitals (SNHs) using all-payer databases and measures for a broad range of conditions and procedures. It found small differences in risk-adjusted mortality rates between SNHs and non-SNHs only among teaching hospitals. After controlling for hospital factors, these differences were substantially reduced and remained significant only for surgical mortality rates.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Jiang HJ, Reiter KL, Wang J .
Measuring mortality performance: How did safety-net hospitals compare with other hospitals?
Med Care 2016 Jul;54(7):648-56. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000540.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitals, Mortality, Provider Performance
Hsu D, Brieva J, Silverberg JI
Costs of care for hospitalization for pemphigus in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of and risk factors for hospitalization with pemphigus and cost of care. It concluded that there is a significant inpatient burden for pemphigus in the United States. Moreover, there appear to be racial/ethnic and health care disparities with respect to pemphigus, such that poor, nonwhite, and/or uninsured or underinsured patients have higher odds of hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Hsu D, Brieva J, Silverberg JI .
Costs of care for hospitalization for pemphigus in the United States.
JAMA Dermatol 2016 Jun;152(6):645-54. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.5240..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Hospitalization, Disparities, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Risk
Basu J, Avila R, Ricciardi R
AHRQ Author: Basu J, Ricciardi R
Hospital readmission rates in U.S. states: are readmissions higher where more patients with multiple chronic conditions cluster?
This study examines small area variations in readmission rates to assess whether higher readmission rate in an area is associated with higher clusters of patients with multiple chronic conditions. It found that areas with higher concentration of patients with increased comorbid conditions are more likely to have higher readmission rates.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Basu J, Avila R, Ricciardi R .
Hospital readmission rates in U.S. states: are readmissions higher where more patients with multiple chronic conditions cluster?
Health Serv Res 2016 Jun;51(3):1135-51. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12401..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Hospitals
Hellinger FJ
AHRQ Author: Hellinger FJ
Hospital use by persons with HIV in the 21st century: a 5-state study.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether reductions in hospital utilization observed immediately after the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (between 1995 and 2000) have persisted into the 21st century. It found that the total number of hospitalizations by persons with HIV in the 5 study states fell by one third between 2000 and 2013 even though the number of persons living with HIV increased by >50%.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hellinger FJ .
Hospital use by persons with HIV in the 21st century: a 5-state study.
Med Care 2016 Jun;54(6):639-44. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000526.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hospitalization, Healthcare Costs
Hernandez-Boussard TM, McDonald KM, Morrison DE
Risks of adverse events in colorectal patients: population-based study.
The authors sought to assess adverse events in colorectal surgical patients. They found important differential rates of adverse events by diagnostic category, with the highest odds ratio occurring in patients undergoing surgery for ischemic colitis.
AHRQ-funded; HS018558.
Citation: Hernandez-Boussard TM, McDonald KM, Morrison DE .
Risks of adverse events in colorectal patients: population-based study.
J Surg Res 2016 May 15;202(2):328-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.01.013.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Adverse Events, Surgery, Patient Safety, Risk, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality of Care, Quality Measures
Greenberg JK, Olsen MA, Yarbrough CK
Chiari malformation type I surgery in pediatric patients. Part 2: complications and the influence of comorbid disease in California, Florida, and New York.
The objective of this study was to investigate Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) surgical outcomes using population-level administrative billing data. It concluded that approximately 1 in 8 pediatric CM-I patients experienced a surgical complication, whereas medical complications were rare. Although complex chronic conditions were common in pediatric CM-I patients, only hydrocephalus was independently associated with increased risk of surgical events.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Greenberg JK, Olsen MA, Yarbrough CK .
Chiari malformation type I surgery in pediatric patients. Part 2: complications and the influence of comorbid disease in California, Florida, and New York.
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2016 May;17(5):525-32. doi: 10.3171/2015.10.peds15369.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Surgery
Yanamadala S, Morrison D, Curtin C
Electronic health records and quality of care: an observational study modeling impact on mortality, readmissions, and complications.
The authors assessed the relationship between electronic health records (EHR) adoption and patient outcomes. Their results indicate that patients receiving medical and surgical care at hospitals with no EHR system have similar outcomes compared to patients seeking care at hospitals with a full EHR system. They concluded that EHRs may play a smaller role than expected in patient outcomes and overall quality of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS024096.
Citation: Yanamadala S, Morrison D, Curtin C .
Electronic health records and quality of care: an observational study modeling impact on mortality, readmissions, and complications.
Medicine (Baltimore) 2016 May;95(19):e3332. doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000003332.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Quality of Care, Mortality, Hospitals
Heslin KC, Elixhauser A, Steiner CA
AHRQ Author: Heslin KC, Elixhauser A, Steiner CA
Identifying in-patient costs attributable to the clinical sequelae and comorbidities of alcoholic liver disease in a national hospital database.
The aim of this study was to compare the average costs of hospitalizations with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the costs of hospitalizations with other alcohol-related diagnoses that do not involve the liver. It found that costs of hospital care for patients with ALD are higher than those for patients with other alcohol-related diagnoses.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Heslin KC, Elixhauser A, Steiner CA .
Identifying in-patient costs attributable to the clinical sequelae and comorbidities of alcoholic liver disease in a national hospital database.
Addiction 2016 May;112(5):782-91. doi: 10.1111/add.13702.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Alcohol Use, Healthcare Costs, Nutrition, Hospitalization