National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Cancer (4)
- (-) Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (10)
- (-) Decision Making (10)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (3)
- Elderly (4)
- Genetics (1)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Health Promotion (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Patient Experience (1)
- Policy (1)
- Prevention (2)
- Primary Care (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Screening (8)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedDalton AF, Golin CE, Morris C
Effect of a patient decision aid on preferences for colorectal cancer screening among older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
This research studied the effects of a patient decision aid on preferences for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among adults aged 76 to 84 years. Participants were recruited from 14 community-based primary care practices who were not up to date with screening and had an appointment within 6 weeks. They were randomized to receive the intervention or control. Among the 424 participants, mean age was 76.8, 248 were women, and 333 were White. There were no statistically significant differences found in patient preferences between the health groups. Additional studies that are appropriately powered were recommended.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Dalton AF, Golin CE, Morris C .
Effect of a patient decision aid on preferences for colorectal cancer screening among older adults: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2022 Dec;5(12):e2244982. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.44982..
Keywords: Elderly, Decision Making, Screening, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer
Lewis CL, Kistler CE, Dalton AF
A decision aid to promote appropriate colorectal cancer screening among older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to test a patient decision aid (PtDA) to promote CRC screening in older adults. The PtDA was designed to facilitate individual decision-making to help patients understand the potential risks and benefit of CRC screening. 424 patients aged 70 – 84 who were not up to date with CRC screening participated in a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, using the PtDA or an attention control. Two outcomes - appropriate CRC screening behavior at 6 months following the initial visit or appropriate screening intent immediately after the visit - were defined as completed screening or intent for patients in good health, discussion about screening with their provider for patients in intermediate health, or no screening or intent for patients in poor health. Appropriate screening behavior at 6 months was higher in the intervention group; appropriate screening intent following the provider visit was also higher. The authors conclude that the PtDA for older adults promoted appropriate CRC screening behavior.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Lewis CL, Kistler CE, Dalton AF .
A decision aid to promote appropriate colorectal cancer screening among older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
Med Decis Making 2018 Jul;38(5):614-24. doi: 10.1177/0272989x18773713..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Elderly, Prevention, Screening
Kistler CE, Golin C, Sundaram A
Individualized colorectal cancer screening discussions between older adults and their primary care providers: a cross-sectional study.
The aim of this study was to describe colorectal cancer (CRC) screening discussions and explore their associations with patient characteristics and screening intentions. The investigators found that CRC screening discussions varied by type of participant and content. They assert that future work is needed to determine if interventions focused on specific domains alters the appropriateness of participants' colorectal cancer screening intentions.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Kistler CE, Golin C, Sundaram A .
Individualized colorectal cancer screening discussions between older adults and their primary care providers: a cross-sectional study.
MDM Policy Pract 2018 Jan-Jun;3(1):2381468318765172. doi: 10.1177/2381468318765172..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Elderly, Primary Care, Screening
Kistler CE, Golin C, Morris C
Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults.
This paper reports on the design of a randomized clinical trial to understand the effects of a patient decision aid on appropriate colorectal cancer screening. The study aims to determine the ability of a patient decision aid to increase individualized and appropriate colorectal cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Kistler CE, Golin C, Morris C .
Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults.
Clin Trials 2017 Dec;14(6):648-58. doi: 10.1177/1740774517725289..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Elderly, Prevention, Screening
Hoffman AS, Lowenstein LM, Kamath GR
An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: a randomized controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether an entertainment-education decision aid tailored for African American patients improved patients' decision making, attitudes, intentions, or colorectal cancer screening behavior. It found that viewing the culturally tailored decision aid significantly increased African American patients' knowledge of colorectal cancer screening recommendations and options. It also significantly reduced their decisional conflict and improved their self-advocacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Hoffman AS, Lowenstein LM, Kamath GR .
An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Cancer 2017 Apr 15;123(8):1401-08. doi: 10.1002/cncr.30489.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening
Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review describes studies evaluating patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults and their impact on knowledge, screening intentions, and uptake. It concluded that decision aids improve knowledge and interest in screening, and lead to increased screening over no information, but their impact on screening is similar to general colorectal cancer screening information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA .
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Nov;51(5):779-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.022.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Tyler Ellis C, Charlton ME, Stitzenberg KB
Patient-reported roles, preferences, and expectations regarding treatment of stage i rectal cancer in the cancer care outcomes research and surveillance consortium.
The researchers identified patient roles, preferences, and expectations as they relate to treatment decision making for patients with stage I rectal cancer. They found that, in this study of 154 adults with newly-diagnosed and surgically treated stage 1 rectal cancer, the preferred decision-making role for patients did not match the actual decision-making process. They recommended that future efforts focus on bridging the gap between the decision-making process and patient preferences regarding various treatment approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Tyler Ellis C, Charlton ME, Stitzenberg KB .
Patient-reported roles, preferences, and expectations regarding treatment of stage i rectal cancer in the cancer care outcomes research and surveillance consortium.
Dis Colon Rectum 2016 Oct;59(10):907-15. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000000662.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement
John-Baptiste A, Schapira MM, Cravens C
AHRQ Author: John-Baptiste A, Cravens C, Siegel J, Lawrence W
The role of decision models in health care policy: a case study.
In 2009, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) underwent a National Coverage Determination on computed tomography colonography (CTC) to screen for colorectal cancer. The Cancer Intervention & Surveillance Network developed decision models to inform this decision. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of models in this decision. It concluded that decision makers involved in the CTC decision believed in the adequacy of models to inform coverage decisions.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: John-Baptiste A, Schapira MM, Cravens C .
The role of decision models in health care policy: a case study.
Med Decis Making 2016 Jul;36(5):666-79. doi: 10.1177/0272989x16646732.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Imaging, Policy
Brenner AT, Gupta S, Ko LK
Development of a practical model for targeting patient decision support interventions to promote colorectal cancer screening in vulnerable populations.
The authors sought to develop a practical model for predicting probability of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening completion in a diverse safety-net population and a subsequent framework for targeting screening promotion interventions. Their model and framework may be useful for designing and delivering targeted interventions to promote CRC screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Brenner AT, Gupta S, Ko LK .
Development of a practical model for targeting patient decision support interventions to promote colorectal cancer screening in vulnerable populations.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2016;27(2):465-78. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0090.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Health Promotion, Screening, Vulnerable Populations
Gallego CJ, Shirts BH, Bennette CS
Next-generation sequencing panels for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and polyposis syndromes: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
The researchers evaluated the cost effectiveness of next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and polyposis (CRCP) syndromes in patients referred to cancer genetics clinics. They concluded that the use of an NGS panel that includes genes associated with highly penetrant CRCP syndromes in addition to Lynch syndrome genes as a first-line test is likely to provide meaningful clinical benefits in a cost-effective manner.
AHRQ-funded; HS021686.
Citation: Gallego CJ, Shirts BH, Bennette CS .
Next-generation sequencing panels for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer and polyposis syndromes: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
J Clin Oncol 2015 Jun 20;33(18):2084-91. doi: 10.1200/jco.2014.59.3665..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Genetics, Healthcare Costs, Screening