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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 364 Research Studies DisplayedRogerson C, Owora A, Tu W
The influence of social and environmental determinants of health on hospitalizations for pediatric asthma.
This retrospective cohort used data from the Indiana Network for Patient Care state-wide health information exchange to determine the influence of social, environmental, and demographic factors on hospital admissions and readmissions for pediatric asthma. Participants were children aged 2-18 admitted to the hospital with a respiratory diagnostic code 2010-2021. Social and environmental determinants of health data were obtained from the Indiana Social Assets and Vulnerabilities Indicators using geocoding systems. A high social vulnerability index was associated with an increased rate of hospital admissions for pediatric asthma. No environmental determinants of health were significantly associated with hospitalization rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS029088.
Citation: Rogerson C, Owora A, Tu W .
The influence of social and environmental determinants of health on hospitalizations for pediatric asthma.
J Asthma 2024 May; 61(5):453-62. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2288323..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Social Determinants of Health, Chronic Conditions, Hospitalization, Hospital Readmissions
Hasjim BJ, Huang AA, Paukner M
Where you live matters: area deprivation predicts poor survival and liver transplant waitlisting.
This study investigated the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on outcomes for patients with cirrhosis in metropolitan Chicago. The researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of 15,101 adult cirrhosis patients across multiple institutions. The research utilized the area deprivation index and data from the American Census Survey to assess neighborhood-level SDOH. The findings revealed that for each quintile increase in area deprivation, there was an associated increase in the risk of cirrhosis decompensation and all-cause mortality. Conversely, the likelihood of being waitlisted for liver transplantation decreased with increasing area deprivation. Specific SDOH domains linked to lower chances of waitlisting and reduced survival included low income, low education levels, poor household conditions, and inadequate social support. These factors were all statistically significant.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Hasjim BJ, Huang AA, Paukner M .
Where you live matters: area deprivation predicts poor survival and liver transplant waitlisting.
Am J Transplant 2024 May; 24(5):803-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.02.009..
Keywords: Transplantation, Social Determinants of Health
Bybee SG, Sharareh N, Guo JW
A secondary data analysis of technology access as a determinant of health and impediment in social needs screening and referral processes.
A study of social needs screening and referral interventions in an emergency department setting found that of 453 patients with unmet social needs requesting assistance, only 21% were successfully connected with community service specialists. Contact preferences varied among patients, with the majority preferring telephone outreach. However, preferences differed based on age, specific needs, outreach success, and changes in emergency department utilization. This suggests that traditional communication methods may not be effective for reaching the most vulnerable patients who experience unstable access to phones or the internet. Further research is needed to determine whether communication preferences can serve as an indicator of unmet needs and to adapt social needs interventions for better accessibility among these high-risk populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS026505.
Citation: Bybee SG, Sharareh N, Guo JW .
A secondary data analysis of technology access as a determinant of health and impediment in social needs screening and referral processes.
AJPM Focus 2024 Apr; 3(2):100189. doi: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100189..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Social Determinants of Health
Smith B, Smith BP, Hollis RH
Development of a comprehensive survey to assess key socioecological determinants of health.
The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a comprehensive tool assessing socioecological determinants of health in patients requiring colorectal surgery. The study utilized a modified Delphi process to develop a comprehensive tool that included 31 socioecological determinants of health. Analysis indicated acceptability and feasibility were positive for all domains. Overall, 83% of participants confirmed that others would have no challenges completing the survey, 90.4% of respondents reported the survey was not burdensome, 97.6% of patients reported having enough time to complete the survey, and 80.9% agreed the survey was well integrated into their appointment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Smith B, Smith BP, Hollis RH .
Development of a comprehensive survey to assess key socioecological determinants of health.
Surgery 2024 Apr; 175(4):991-99. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.11.011..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Disparities, Surgery
Savitz ST, Falk K, Stearns SC
Race-ethnicity and sex differences in 1-year survival following percutaneous coronary intervention among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate differences in 1-year survival after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by sex and race-ethnicity, and to explore the role of socioeconomic characteristics (SEC) to observed differences. A 20% sample of Medicare claims data for beneficiaries aged 65 and over was used to identify fee-for-service patients who received PCI from 2007-2015. Results indicated that women were more likely to experience PCI in the setting of acute myocardial infarction and had less transition to outpatient care during the period, while black patients experienced higher 1-year mortality following PCI; the authors concluded that the latter was explained by differences in baseline comorbidities, county medical resources, and state of residence.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Savitz ST, Falk K, Stearns SC .
Race-ethnicity and sex differences in 1-year survival following percutaneous coronary intervention among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries.
J Eval Clin Pract 2024 Apr; 30(3):406-17. doi: 10.1111/jep.13954..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Surgery, Outcomes, Social Determinants of Health
Powell-Wiley TM, Martinez MF, Heneghan J
Health and economic value of eliminating socioeconomic disparities in US youth physical activity.
The purpose of this study was to determine the potential public health and economic effects of eliminating disparities in youth physical activity (PA) levels among US youth socioeconomic status SES groups. The researchers utilized a model representing all 6- to 17-year-old children in the US to simulate epidemiological, clinical, and economic effects of disparities in PA levels among different SES groups and the effect of reducing these disparities. The study found that if the US eliminates the disparity in youth PA levels across SES groups, absolute overweight and obesity prevalence would decrease by 0.826% resulting in approximately 383,000fewer cases of overweight and obesity and 101,000 fewer cases of weight-related diseases. This would result in more than $15.60 billion in cost savings over the youth cohort's lifetime.
AHRQ-funded; HS028165.
Citation: Powell-Wiley TM, Martinez MF, Heneghan J .
Health and economic value of eliminating socioeconomic disparities in US youth physical activity.
JAMA Health Forum 2024 Mar; 5(3):e240088. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.0088..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Social Determinants of Health
Wadhwani SI, Pantell MS MS, Winestone LE
Subspecialty pediatrics: an unmet opportunity to address unmet social risks.
The purpose of this paper was to apply a model for patient-care-related social care activities defined by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). The researchers propose a more complete approach to social care that purposefully includes subspecialty care teams and improves interdisciplinary communication with primary care to better meet the long- term needs of Children living with medical complexity and their families.
AHRQ-funded; HS028473.
Citation: Wadhwani SI, Pantell MS MS, Winestone LE .
Subspecialty pediatrics: an unmet opportunity to address unmet social risks.
Acad Pediatr 2024 Mar; 24(2):204-07. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.07.009..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Risk
Neerland C, Slaughter-Acey J, Behrens K
An evidence map for social and structural determinants for maternal morbidity and mortality: a systematic review.
The study aimed to identify social and structural determinants of maternal morbidity and mortality during prenatal and postpartum periods in the U.S. Out of 8,378 references screened, 118 studies were included, covering domains like identity, socioeconomic factors, violence, and trauma. Findings revealed mixed patterns between risk factors and outcomes, with notable attention to depression and mental health. Advancing the field long-term should involve developing comprehensive datasets to thoroughly investigate intersections with biological and medical risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00008.
Citation: Neerland C, Slaughter-Acey J, Behrens K .
An evidence map for social and structural determinants for maternal morbidity and mortality: a systematic review.
Obstet Gynecol 2024 Mar; 143(3):383-92. doi: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005489.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Maternal Care, Mortality, Evidence-Based Practice, Risk, Women, Outcomes
Hogg-Graham R, Benitez JA, Lacy ME
Association between community social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations.
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between variations in social vulnerability and preventable hospitalization rates. The researchers analyzed county-level preventable hospitalization rates for 33 states linked with data from the 2020 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). The study found that preventable hospitalizations were 40% greater in the most vulnerable counties compared with the least vulnerable. Adjusted regression results confirm the strong relationship between social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations.
AHRQ-funded; HS025494.
Citation: Hogg-Graham R, Benitez JA, Lacy ME .
Association between community social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations.
Med Care Res Rev 2024 Feb; 81(1):31-38. doi: 10.1177/10775587231197248..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health
Carroll AR, Hall M, Noelke C
Association of neighborhood opportunity and pediatric hospitalization rates in the United States.
This study examined associations between a validated, multidimensional measure of social determinants of health and population-based hospitalization rates among children <18 years across 18 states from the 2017 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases and the US Census. Exposure was ZIP code-level Child Opportunity Index (COI), a composite measure of neighborhood resources and conditions that matter for children's health. The cohort included 614,823 hospitalizations among a population of 29,244,065 children, which measures at 21.02 hospitalizations per 1000. Adjusted hospitalization rates decreased significantly and in a stepwise fashion as COI increased, from 26.56 per 1000 in very low COI areas to 14.76 per 1000 in very high COI areas (incidence rate ratio 1.8). Decreasing neighborhood opportunity was associated with increasing hospitalization rates among children in the study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Carroll AR, Hall M, Noelke C .
Association of neighborhood opportunity and pediatric hospitalization rates in the United States.
J Hosp Med 2024 Feb; 19(2):120-25. doi: 10.1002/jhm.13252..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Hospitalization, Social Determinants of Health
Fleming MD, Safaeinili N, Knox M
Organizational and community resilience for COVID-19 and beyond: leveraging a system for health and social services integration.
This case study paper examined how a preexisting initiative to align health care, public health, and social services influenced COVID-19 pandemic response. In-depth interviews were conducted with administrators and frontline staff in health care, public health, and social services in Contra Costa County, California from October 2020 to May 2021. The authors interviewed 31 informants including 14 managers in public health, health care, or social services and 17 social needs case managers who coordinated services across these sectors on behalf of patients. They identified four distinct components of the county's system alignment capabilities that supported COVID-19 response, including (1) an organizational culture of adaptability fostered through earlier system alignment efforts, which included the ability and willingness to rapidly implement new organizational processes, (2) trusting relationships among organizations based on prior, positive experiences of cross-sector collaboration, (3) capacity to monitor population health of historically marginalized community members, including information infrastructures, data analytics, and population monitoring and outreach, and (4) frontline staff with flexible skills to support health and social care who had built relationships with the highest risk community members.
AHRQ-funded; HS027648.
Citation: Fleming MD, Safaeinili N, Knox M .
Organizational and community resilience for COVID-19 and beyond: leveraging a system for health and social services integration.
Health Serv Res 2024 Feb; 59(suppl 1):e14250. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14250..
Keywords: COVID-19, Social Determinants of Health
Danielson EC, Li W, Suleiman L
Social risk and patient-reported outcomes after total knee replacement: implications for Medicare policy.
The objective of this study was to determine if county- or patient-level social risk factors are associated with patient-reported outcomes after total knee replacement when added to the comprehensive joint replacement risk-adjustment model. Patient and outcomes data from the Function and Outcomes Research for Comparative Effectiveness in Total Joint Replacement cohort were merged with the CDC Social Vulnerability Index. The findings indicated that patient-reported race, education, and income were associated with patient-reported pain or functional scores; pain improvement was negatively associated with Black race and positively associated with higher annual incomes. The authors concluded that these findings suggested that patient-level social factors warrant further investigation to promote health equity in patient-reported outcomes after total knee replacement.
Citation: Danielson EC, Li W, Suleiman L .
Social risk and patient-reported outcomes after total knee replacement: implications for Medicare policy.
Health Serv Res 2024 Feb; 59(1):e14215. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14215.
Keywords: Surgery, Orthopedics, Medicare, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Social Determinants of Health
Chisolm DJ, Dugan JA, Figueroa JF
Improving health equity through health care systems research.
This study’s objective was to describe health equity research priorities for health care delivery systems and delineate a research and action agenda that generates evidence-based solutions to persistent racial and ethnic inequities in health outcomes. This project was conducted as a component of the AHRQ stakeholder engaged process to develop an Equity Agenda and Action Plan to guide priority setting to advance health equity. The stakeholders included experts from academia, health care organizations, industry, and government. Five priority themes were derived iteratively through experts from academia, health care organizations, industry, and government. They identified six priority themes for research; (1) institutional leadership, culture, and workforce; (2) data-driven, culturally tailored care; (3) health equity targeted performance incentives; (4) health equity-informed approaches to health system consolidation and access; (5) whole person care; (6) and whole community investment. They also suggested cross-cutting themes regarding research workforce and research timelines.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Chisolm DJ, Dugan JA, Figueroa JF .
Improving health equity through health care systems research.
Health Serv Res 2023 Dec; 58(suppl 3):289-99. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.14192..
Keywords: Health Systems, Disparities, Social Determinants of Health, Healthcare Delivery
Heintzman J, Springer R, Marino M
Latino adolescent-mother language concordance, neighborhood deprivation, and vaccinations in community health centers.
Researchers examined the association between adolescent-mother language concordance and neighborhood social deprivation with adolescent vaccination completion in order to understand social/family factors related to Latino adolescent vaccination. They used a multistate, EHR-based dataset of community health center patients to compare three Latino groups; their sample included over 56,000 adolescent-mother dyads. Their findings indicated that English-preferring adolescents with Spanish-preferring mothers had the highest completion rates. The researchers concluded that future studies could attempt to understand what advantage this language dyad may have in adolescent vaccination completion.
AHRQ-funded; HS025962.
Citation: Heintzman J, Springer R, Marino M .
Latino adolescent-mother language concordance, neighborhood deprivation, and vaccinations in community health centers.
Matern Child Health J 2023 Nov; 27(11):2026-37. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03742-0..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Community-Based Practice, Vaccination, Children/Adolescents, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
Beck AF, Wymer L, Pinzer E
Reduced prevalence of childhood asthma after housing renovations in an underresourced community.
This study’s goal as to determine whether housing renovations affect the prevalence of asthma in an underresourced community. Between 2010 and 2012, the Fay Apartments (~800 units) in Cincinnati, Ohio, were renovated to "green building" standards and renamed the Villages at Roll Hill. Asthma prevalence among 7-year-olds was determined by accessing Ohio Medicaid data for the years 2013 to 2021. Average prevalence of asthma among 7-year-olds averaged 12.7% in the first 6 years after the renovations (2013-2018). But in postrenovation years 7-9 (2019-221), average prevalence of asthma had dropped to 5.9%.
AHRQ-funded; HS027996.
Citation: Beck AF, Wymer L, Pinzer E .
Reduced prevalence of childhood asthma after housing renovations in an underresourced community.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2023 Nov; 2(4):1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100143..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
Wu L, Chang C, Lo K
Telephone-based social health screening by pharmacists in the nonadherent Medicare population.
The study examined social health needs among Medicare patients and pharmacist-led screening's impact on medication adherence and healthcare use. Using a predictive algorithm, higher-risk patients were identified. Patients accepting referrals had better statin adherence, while those declining had more hospital stays and fewer primary care visits. The findings suggest pharmacist interventions can improve medication adherence without worsening healthcare use or plan membership.
AHRQ-funded; HS027343.
Citation: Wu L, Chang C, Lo K .
Telephone-based social health screening by pharmacists in the nonadherent Medicare population.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2023 Nov; 29(11):1184-92. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2023.29.11.1184..
Keywords: Provider: Pharmacist, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Social Determinants of Health, Medication
Ryus CR, Janke AT, Kunnath N
Association of hospital discharge against medical advice and coded housing instability in the US.
This study examined the relationship between discharge type and housing instability, then identified primary reasons for hospitalization among self-discharged patients with housing instability. This cross-sectional, retrospective study analyzed the National Inpatient Sample between January 2017 and December 2019, available from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Among 85,402,831 hospitalizations analyzed, 1.6% resulted in self-discharge. Compared to admissions with planned discharges, self-discharges were more likely to have coded housing instability. Among hospitalizations resulting in self-discharge, admissions with coded housing instability were more likely to result in self-discharge than those without coded housing instability. Relationships between housing instability and self-discharges were found among major medical conditions: septicemia, acute myocardial infarction, and respiratory failure. Alcohol-related disorders and opioid-related disorders were among the highest self-discharge volumes, but relationships were minimal.
AHRQ-funded; HS028963.
Citation: Ryus CR, Janke AT, Kunnath N .
Association of hospital discharge against medical advice and coded housing instability in the US.
J Gen Intern Med 2023 Oct; 38(13):3082-85. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08240-1..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Discharge, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations, Hospital Readmissions
Beck D, Hall S, Costa DK
Leveraging population health datasets to advance maternal health research.
Researchers reviewed a sample of population health datasets and highlighted recommended changes to the datasets to identify existing gaps in maternal health research and help address maternal morbidity and mortality. Their findings showed insufficient representation of pregnant and postpartum individuals across all datasets. They recommended that pregnant and postpartum individuals should be oversampled in population health data to facilitate rapid policy and program evaluation and that individuals with pregnancies resulting in outcomes other than livebirth be included or asked about their experiences.
AHRQ-funded; HS027640.
Citation: Beck D, Hall S, Costa DK .
Leveraging population health datasets to advance maternal health research.
Matern Child Health J 2023 Oct; 27(10):1683-88. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03695-4..
Keywords: Maternal Care, Women, Social Determinants of Health
Pantell MS, Holmgren AJ, Leary JC
Social and medical care integration practices among children's hospitals.
This study sought to describe screening practices for adverse social determinants of health (SDOH) among a national sample of children’s hospitals. The authors analyzed responses to the 2020 American Hospital Association Annual Survey. Among children's hospitals, they calculated the prevalence of screening for social needs, strategies to address social risks/needs, partnerships with community-based organizations to address social risks/needs at the individual and community level, and rates of impact assessments of how social risk-related interventions affect outcomes. They also used χ2 tests to compare results by hospital characteristics and weighted results to adjust for nonresponse. Out of 82 children’s hospitals in the sample, a total of 79.6% screened for and 96.0% had strategies to address at least 1 social risk factor, although rates varied by SDOH domain. These hospitals more commonly partnered with community-based organizations to address patient-level social risks than participated in community-level initiatives. SDOH intervention effectiveness was assessed in a total of 39.2% of hospitals. The authors found differences in social risk-related care practices commonly varied by hospital ownership and Medicaid population but not by region.
AHRQ-funded; HS028473.
Citation: Pantell MS, Holmgren AJ, Leary JC .
Social and medical care integration practices among children's hospitals.
Hosp Pediatr 2023 Oct; 13(10):886-94. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007246..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Hospitals, Social Determinants of Health
Sullivan SS, Ledwin KM, Hewner S
A clinical classification framework for identifying persons with high social and medical needs: the COMPLEXedex-social determinants of health (SDH).
The purpose of this two-phase retrospective, descriptive cohort study was to incorporate nursing expertise into a clinical definition of high-need cases and create a clinical classification algorithm for implementing nursing interventions. The researchers utilized 2019 data to build an algorithm (n = 19,20,848) and 2021 data to test the algorithm in adults 18 years old or greater (n = 15,99,176). The researchers developed the COMPLEXedex-SDH algorithm to improve health equity and outcomes, and identified these populations: cross-cohort needs (10.9%); high-need persons (cross-cohort needs and other social determinants) (17.7%); suboptimal health care utilization for persons with medical complexity (13.8%); high need persons with suboptimal health care utilization (6.2%).
AHRQ-funded; HS028000.
Citation: Sullivan SS, Ledwin KM, Hewner S .
A clinical classification framework for identifying persons with high social and medical needs: the COMPLEXedex-social determinants of health (SDH).
Nurs Outlook 2023 Sep-Oct; 71(5):102044. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2023.102044..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Disparities, Healthcare Delivery
Magoc T, Allen KS, McDonnell C
Generalizability and portability of natural language processing system to extract individual social risk factors.
The purpose of this study was to validate the portability and generalizability of a Natural Language Processing (NLP) method to extract individual social factors from clinical notes. More than 6 million notes were processed at the receiving site by the NLP model. The study found that approximately 13,000 and 19,000 were categorized as positive for financial insecurity and housing instability, respectively. The NLP model reflected excellent performance on the validation dataset with all measures over 0.87 for both social factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS028636.
Citation: Magoc T, Allen KS, McDonnell C .
Generalizability and portability of natural language processing system to extract individual social risk factors.
Int J Med Inform 2023 Sep; 177:105115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105115..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Mehta S, Lyles CR, Rubinsky AD
Social determinants of health documentation in structured and unstructured clinical data of patients with diabetes: comparative analysis.
It is not clear how accurately Electronic health records (HER) data reflect patients' lived experience of social determinants of health (SDOH). The process of manually reviewing clinical notes to retrieve SDOH information is not feasible. The purpose of this study was to apply two tools, PatientExploreR and Electronic Medical Record Search Engine (EMERSE), to identify SDOH mappings for structured and unstructured patient data. The researchers included 4,283 adult patients receiving primary care for diabetes at UCSF. The study results revealed that SDOH may be more significant in the lives of patients with diabetes than is evident from structured data recorded on EHRs. When researchers applied EMERSE NLP rules, additional information was uncovered from patient clinical notes on problems related to social connections isolation, employment, financial insecurity, housing insecurity, food insecurity, education, and stress.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383.
Citation: Mehta S, Lyles CR, Rubinsky AD .
Social determinants of health documentation in structured and unstructured clinical data of patients with diabetes: comparative analysis.
JMIR Med Inform 2023 Aug 22; 11:e46159. doi: 10.2196/46159..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Cheng TL, Mistry KB
AHRQ Author: Mistry KB
Clarity on disparity: who, what, when, where, why, and how.
This purpose of this article was to explain a comprehensive framework of health disparities descriptors that can offer a systematic approach to advance the understanding of causes of health disparities and facilitate action steps to ensure health equity.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Cheng TL, Mistry KB .
Clarity on disparity: who, what, when, where, why, and how.
Pediatr Clin North Am 2023 Aug; 70(4):639-50. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2023.03.003..
Keywords: Disparities, Social Determinants of Health, Newborns/Infants, Mortality, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Access to Care
Klawetter S, Weikel B, Roybal K
Social determinants of health and parenting self-efficacy among mothers of preterm infants.
The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to utilize a social determinants of health (SDoH) framework to examine the associations between social and environmental factors and parenting self-efficacy (PSE) in mothers of preterm infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The study found that the multiple linear regression model predicting the efficacy score including maternal race/ethnicity, age, insurance, employment status before giving birth, gestational age, depression, and having other children was significant. Significant predictors of PSE were race/ethnicity, having another child/children, and depression.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Klawetter S, Weikel B, Roybal K .
Social determinants of health and parenting self-efficacy among mothers of preterm infants.
J Soc Social Work Res 2023 Summer; 14(2):411-29. doi: 10.1086/716303..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Newborns/Infants, Maternal Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Taylor KK, Neiman PU, Bonner S
Unmet social health needs as a driver of inequitable outcomes after surgery: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health Interview Survey.
The objective of this study was to identify opportunities to improve surgical equity by evaluating unmet social health needs by race, ethnicity, and insurance type. Researchers used the National Health Interview Survey for 2008-2018 to identify adults aged 18 and older who reported surgery in the past year. The results indicated that unmet social health needs varied significantly by race, ethnicity, and insurance, and were independently associated with poor health among surgical populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS028672; HS027788.
Citation: Taylor KK, Neiman PU, Bonner S .
Unmet social health needs as a driver of inequitable outcomes after surgery: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health Interview Survey.
Ann Surg 2023 Aug 1; 278(2):193-200. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005689.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Surgery, Disparities, Outcomes