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Research Studies is a monthly compilation of research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers and recently published in journals or newsletters.
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1 to 25 of 72 Research Studies DisplayedMcNeil JC, Sommer LM, Vallejo JG
Going back in time: Increasing penicillin susceptibility among methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children.
Researchers investigated the prevalence of penicillin susceptibility (PSSA) among pediatric methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) acute hematogenous osteoarticular infection (OAI) isolates; the isolates were obtained through surveillance studies at Texas Children's and St. Louis Children's Hospitals. Overall, PSSA isolates were found to be associated with a similar clinical presentation as penicillin-resistant isolates. The researchers concluded that potential for use of penicillin treatment in PSSA OAI merits further study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026896'HS021736' HS024269.
Citation: McNeil JC, Sommer LM, Vallejo JG .
Going back in time: Increasing penicillin susceptibility among methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023 Jan 24; 67(1):e0119622. doi: 10.1128/aac.01196-22..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication, Prevention
McNeil JC, Sommer LM, Vallejo JG
Reduced ceftaroline susceptibility among invasive mrsa infections in children: a clinical and genomic investigation.
The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of reduced susceptibility (RS) to ceftaroline among pediatric methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The researchers evaluated MRSA isolates at a tertiary children's hospital for ceftaroline RS. Ceftaroline RS occurred only among health care associated infections in 2.9% of isolates, and were more often clindamycin-resistant.
AHRQ-funded; HS026896.
Citation: McNeil JC, Sommer LM, Vallejo JG .
Reduced ceftaroline susceptibility among invasive mrsa infections in children: a clinical and genomic investigation.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022 Oct 18;66(10):e0074522. doi: 10.1128/aac.00745-22..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Genetics
D'Orazio B, Ramachandran J, Khalida C
Stakeholder engagement in a comparative effectiveness/implementation study to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection recurrence: CA-MRSA Project (CAMP2).
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence and participation of a stakeholder committee would positively impact the effectiveness of the design and execution of a home-based Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infection prevention intervention. The trial utilized community health workers to implement infection prevention protocols in participant’s homes, including home visits, sampling household surfaces at baseline and then three months, and obtaining surveillance cultures from index patients and household members. The study assembled and convened The Clinician and Patient Stakeholder Advisory Committee (CPSAC), comprised of New York-based federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) and community health emergency departments, laboratory and clinical researchers, clinicians, and patient stakeholders. The CPSAC was tasked with trial oversight and shared decision-making and troubleshooting, and convened both in person and remotely. The researchers concluded that the inclusion and engagement of the CPSAC during the trial design and implementation was highly effective in addressing and resolving challenges in both participant recruitment and home visits.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: D'Orazio B, Ramachandran J, Khalida C .
Stakeholder engagement in a comparative effectiveness/implementation study to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection recurrence: CA-MRSA Project (CAMP2).
Prog Community Health Partnersh 2022;16(1):45-60. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2022.0005..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Community-Acquired Infections, Infectious Diseases, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Evidence-Based Practice
Hogan PG, Parrish KL, Mork RL
HOME2 study: household versus personalized decolonization in households of children with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection-a randomized clinical trial.
This study’s goal was to compare the effectiveness of colonization measures to prevent skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) from Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with targeted household members with prior years SSTI to decolonizing all household members to prevent infections in children. The hypothesis was that the former method would be noninferior. Upon completion of the 12-month observational Household Observation of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Environment (HOME) study, 102 households were enrolled with the follow-up HOME2 study, a 12-month randomized noninferiority trial. Households were randomized 1:1 to the personalized (targeted members) or household (all members) approaches. Participants followed a 5-day regimen of hygiene education, twice-daily intranasal mupirocin, and daily bleach-water baths. At 5 follow-up visits at participants’ homes, swabs were taken to detect S. aureus. Noninferiority of the personalized approach was established, with little difference in SSTI rates in the two household approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: Hogan PG, Parrish KL, Mork RL .
HOME2 study: household versus personalized decolonization in households of children with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infection-a randomized clinical trial.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Dec 6;73(11):e4568-e77. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa752..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Skin Conditions, Prevention
Page B, Klompas M, Chan C
Surveillance for healthcare-associated infections: hospital-onset adult sepsis events versus current reportable conditions.
US hospitals are required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to publicly report central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), Clostridioidesdiffficile, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, and selected surgical site infections for benchmarking and pay-for-performance programs. In this study the investigators retrospectively assessed the overlap between HO-ASEs and reportable HAIs among adults hospitalized between June 2015-June 2018 in 3 hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS025008.
Citation: Page B, Klompas M, Chan C .
Surveillance for healthcare-associated infections: hospital-onset adult sepsis events versus current reportable conditions.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Sep 15;73(6):1013-19. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab217..
Keywords: Sepsis, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Clostridium difficile Infections, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
Pakyz AL, Wang H, Ozcan YA
Leapfrog Hospital Safety Score, magnet designation, and healthcare-associated infections in United States hospitals.
The goal of this study was to determine whether Magnet designation and hospitals with better Leapfrog Hospital Safety Scores have fewer healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Findings showed that “A” hospitals performed better on clostridium difficile infection (CDI) but not methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections, while Magnet designation was associated with fewer than expected MRSA infections but more than expected CDIs. These mixed results show that hospital global assessments of safety and workplace quality differentially and imperfectly predict its level of HAIs.
AHRQ-funded; HS018578.
Citation: Pakyz AL, Wang H, Ozcan YA .
Leapfrog Hospital Safety Score, magnet designation, and healthcare-associated infections in United States hospitals.
J Patient Saf 2021 Sep 1;17(6):445-50. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000378..
Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Patient Safety
Schuetz CR, Hogan PG, Reich PJ
Factors associated with progression to infection in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-colonized, critically ill neonates.
The purpose of this case-control study was to identify factors associated with development of symptomatic infection in infants colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The investigators concluded that progression from MRSA colonization to symptomatic infection was associated with increased morbidity and may be mitigated through decolonization.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: Schuetz CR, Hogan PG, Reich PJ .
Factors associated with progression to infection in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-colonized, critically ill neonates.
J Perinatol 2021 Jun;41(6):1285-92. doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-00944-8..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Critical Care, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Deshpande A, Richter SS, Haessler S
De-escalation of empiric antibiotics following negative cultures in hospitalized patients with pneumonia: rates and outcomes.
This study assessed antibiotic de-escalation practices across hospitals and their associations with outcomes in hospitalized patients diagnosed with pneumonia with negative cultures. The authors included 14,170 adults admitted with pneumonia in 2010-2015 to 164 US hospitals if they had negative blood and/or respiratory cultures and received both anti-MRSA and antipseudomonal agents other than quinolones. If empiric drugs were stopped on day 4 while continuing another antibiotic it was defined at de-escalation. Patients were propensity adjusted for de-escalation and compared on in-hospital 14-day mortality, late deterioration with ICU transfer, length-of-stay (LOS) and costs. Thirteen percent (1924 patients) had both initial empiric drugs stopped by hospital day 4. De-escalation rates at hospitals ranged from 2-35% and the established rate quartiles were not significantly associated with outcomes. Even at hospitals in the top quartile of de-escalation, the de-escalation rates were lower than 50%.
AHRQ-funded; HS025026; HS024277.
Citation: Deshpande A, Richter SS, Haessler S .
De-escalation of empiric antibiotics following negative cultures in hospitalized patients with pneumonia: rates and outcomes.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Apr 26;72(8):1314-22. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa212..
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Inpatient Care
Lydecker AD, Osei PA, Pineles L
Targeted gown and glove use to prevent Staphylococcus aureus acquisition in community-based nursing homes: a pilot study.
This study tested the feasibility of targeted gown and glove use by healthcare personnel caring for high-risk nursing home residents to present Staphylococcus aureus transmission in short-stay residents. The study included 322 residents in 2 community-based Maryland nursing homes on mixed short- and long-stay units. During a 2-month baseline period, all residents had nose and inguinal fold swabs taken to estimate S. aureus presence. MRSA acquisition rate decreased from 11.9% during the baseline period to 3.6% during the intervention period among short-stay residents. MRSA acquisition rate also decreased from 9.1% during the baseline period to 3.6% during the intervention period for longer-term care residents. Resident-to-resident transmission rate also decreased from 5.9% during the baseline period to 0.8% during the intervention period.
AHRQ-funded; HS025451.
Citation: Lydecker AD, Osei PA, Pineles L .
Targeted gown and glove use to prevent Staphylococcus aureus acquisition in community-based nursing homes: a pilot study.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2021 Apr;42(4):448-54. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.1219..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Patient Safety
Neubauer HC, Hall M, Lopez MA
Antibiotic regimens and associated outcomes in children hospitalized with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.
Controversy exists regarding the optimal antibiotic regimen for use in hospitalized children with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). Various regimens may confer toxin suppression and/or additional coverage for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) or methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA). The purpose of this study was to describe antibiotic regimens in hospitalized children with SSSS and examine the association between antistaphylococcal antibiotic regimens and patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Neubauer HC, Hall M, Lopez MA .
Antibiotic regimens and associated outcomes in children hospitalized with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.
J Hosp Med 2021 Mar;16(3):149-55. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3529..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Antibiotics, Medication, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Skin Conditions, Infectious Diseases
Harris AD, Morgan DJ, Pineles L
Acquisition of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria in the Benefits of Universal Glove and Gown (BUGG) cluster randomized trial.
This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized trial in 20 hospital intensive units called Benefits of Universal Glove and Gown (BUGG) to see if intervention decreases the acquisition of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. The primary outcome included 40,492 admission and discharge perianal swabs from 20,246 individual patient admissions. A non-statistically significant decrease in acquisition of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria was associated with universal glove and gown use.
AHRQ-funded; HS024045.
Citation: Harris AD, Morgan DJ, Pineles L .
Acquisition of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria in the Benefits of Universal Glove and Gown (BUGG) cluster randomized trial.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Feb 1;72(3):431-37. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa071..
Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Patient Safety
Nelson RE, Lautenbach E, Chang N
Attributable cost of healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in a long-term care center.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the attributable cost of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) healthcare-associated infections in long-term care centers (LTCCs) within the Department of Veterans Affairs. Findings showed a significant increase in the odds of being transferred to an acute care facility and in acute care costs. These findings of high cost and increased risk of transfer from LTCC to acute care are important because they highlight the substantial clinical and economic impact of MRSA infections in this population.
AHRQ-funded; HS023794.
Citation: Nelson RE, Lautenbach E, Chang N .
Attributable cost of healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in a long-term care center.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Jan 29;72(Suppl 1):S27-s33. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1582..
Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Healthcare Costs, Long-Term Care
Kim JJ, Johnson JK, Stucke EM
Burden of perianal Staphylococcus aureus colonization in nursing home residents increases transmission to healthcare worker gowns and gloves.
Transmission of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to health care workers (HCWs) on gowns and gloves has been an issue in nursing homes. This study evaluated the effect of the burden in 13 community-based nursing homes in Maryland and Michigan. Residents were cultured for S. aureus at the perianal skin and the anterior nares areas. A total of 403 residents were enrolled, with 169 colonized with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) or methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Transmission to HCW gowns and gloves was greater from those colonized with greater quantities of S. aureus on the perianal skin. These findings inform future infection control practices for both MRSA and MSSA in nursing homes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019979; HS025451.
Citation: Kim JJ, Johnson JK, Stucke EM .
Burden of perianal Staphylococcus aureus colonization in nursing home residents increases transmission to healthcare worker gowns and gloves.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2020 Dec;41(12):1396-401. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.336..
Keywords: Elderly, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Prevention
McKinnell JA, Miller LG, Singh RD
High prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism colonization in 28 nursing homes: an "iceberg effect."
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms (ESBLs), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) among residents and in the environment of nursing homes (NHs). The investigators concluded that in more than half of the NHs, more than 50% of residents were colonized with MDROs of clinical and public health significance, most commonly MRSA and ESBL. Additionally, the vast majority of resident rooms and common areas were MDRO contaminated.
AHRQ-funded; HS024286.
Citation: McKinnell JA, Miller LG, Singh RD .
High prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism colonization in 28 nursing homes: an "iceberg effect."
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020 Dec;21(12):1937-43.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.04.007..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Gall E, Long A, Hall KK
Chlorhexidine bathing strategies for multidrug-resistant organisms: a summary of recent evidence.
This systematic literature review investigated the latest evidence for patient bathing with a 2%-4% chlorhexidine gluconate solution to reduce multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) transmission and infection. Three databases were searched for articles from 2008 through 2018, as well as any key articles published after 2018. Findings focused on health care-associated infections (HAIs) and 3 categories of MDROs: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Chlorhexidine reduced MRSA acquisition and carriage, but no studies found significant reductions in infections. Several studies found that chlorhexidine bathing reduced VRE acquisition and carriage. Two very large studies found bathing significantly reduced HAIs, but these reductions may be smaller when HAIs are already controlled with other anti-infection measures.
AHRQ-funded; HHSP233201500013I.
Citation: Gall E, Long A, Hall KK .
Chlorhexidine bathing strategies for multidrug-resistant organisms: a summary of recent evidence.
J Patient Saf 2020 Sep;16(3S Suppl 1):S16-s22. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000743..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Prevention, Patient Safety, Infectious Diseases
Luzum M, Sebolt J, Chopra V
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection, Clostridioides difficile colitis, central line-associated bloodstream infection, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
This article provides summaries of the background, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of central line-associated bloodstream infection, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, Clostridioides difficile, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infections. Additional prevention strategies, including those related to recent national interventions, are also reviewed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022835.
Citation: Luzum M, Sebolt J, Chopra V .
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection, Clostridioides difficile colitis, central line-associated bloodstream infection, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Med Clin North Am 2020 Jul;104(4):663-79. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.02.004..
Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Clostridium difficile Infections, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases
Hogan PG, Mork RL, Thompson RM
Environmental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contamination, persistent colonization, and subsequent skin and soft tissue infection.
This 12-month prospective cohort study examined households contaminated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), persistent colonization, and subsequent soft tissue infection (SSTI). Households in St. Louis who had members with community-acquired MRSA SSTI were longitudinally tracked from 2012 to 2015. A baseline visit was conducted at the index patient’s primary home, followed by four quarterly visits over 12 months. With each visit, an interview and serial cultures were collected. Of the 692 participants in 150 households, including 150 children, who completed all 5 samplings; 213 (39%) showed persistent colonization with S. aureus, particularly in the nose. Nine pets (8%) were persistently colonized with S. aureus. Interval SSTI was also associated with MRSA in 76 index patients (53%) and 101 household contacts (19%).
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: Hogan PG, Mork RL, Thompson RM .
Environmental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contamination, persistent colonization, and subsequent skin and soft tissue infection.
JAMA Pediatr 2020 Jun;174(6):552-62. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0132..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Community-Acquired Infections
Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE
Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.
This prospective cohort study examined methods of transmission for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in households with otherwise healthy children who have a MRSA infection. From 2012-2015 households in St. Louis with children who had a community-acquired MRSA skin and soft-tissue infection were longitudinally tracked. Children with other health issues were excluded. A baseline visit was conducted at the index patient’s primary home, followed by four quarterly visits over 12 months. With each visit, an interview and serial cultures were collected. Molecular typing was done of those samples to determine the distinct S aureus strain. MRSA recipients were most likely to live in a rental situation, and were more likely to share a bedroom with a strain-colonised individual. The most likely transmission source was shared bath towels. Pets were often recipients, but rarely the sole transmission source. Frequent handwashing decreased the likelihood of novel strains being introduced into the house and emphasizes the importance of hand hygiene.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269
Citation: Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE .
Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.
Lancet Infect Dis 2020 Feb;20(2):188-98. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30570-5..
Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Community-Acquired Infections, Prevention, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History
Chiotos K, Rock C, Schweizer ML
Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices: a survey of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN).
This survey compares results with a similar 2013 survey that characterizes contemporary infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices across 64 healthcare facilities. There was decreased frequency of active surveillance for MRSA, frequent active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and increased support for antibiotic stewardship programs.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393.
Citation: Chiotos K, Rock C, Schweizer ML .
Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices: a survey of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN).
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Sep;40(9):1046-49. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.172.
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Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Practice Patterns
McKinnell JA, Singh RD, Miller LG
The SHIELD Orange County project: multidrug-resistant organism prevalence in 21 nursing homes and long-term acute care facilities in Southern California.
The authors reported baseline multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) prevalence in 21 nursing homes (NHs) and long-term acute care facilities (LTACs). They found that prevalence of MDROs was 65% in NHs and 80% in LTACs. They concluded that the majority of NH residents and LTAC patients harbor MDROs, and that MDRO status is frequently unknown to the facility. The high MDRO prevalence highlights the need for prevention efforts in NHs/LTACs as part of regional efforts to control MDRO spread.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: McKinnell JA, Singh RD, Miller LG .
The SHIELD Orange County project: multidrug-resistant organism prevalence in 21 nursing homes and long-term acute care facilities in Southern California.
Clin Infect Dis 2019 Oct 15;69(9):1566-73. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz119.
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Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety
Parrish KL, Wylie KM, Reich PJ
Carriage of the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene by contemporary community-associated Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2019 Nov 6;8(5):470-73. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy098.
In this study, the investigators report the prevalence of the tst-1 gene among 252 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates and 458 methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) isolates collected from 531 subjects between 2008 and 2017.
In this study, the investigators report the prevalence of the tst-1 gene among 252 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates and 458 methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) isolates collected from 531 subjects between 2008 and 2017.
AHRQ-funded; HS024269.
Citation: Parrish KL, Wylie KM, Reich PJ .
Carriage of the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene by contemporary community-associated Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
Carriage of the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene by contemporary community-associated Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
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Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Community-Acquired Infections, Sepsis, Patient Safety
Khamash DF, Voskertchian A, Tamma PD
Increasing clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance in pediatric Staphylococcus aureus Infections.
This retrospective observational study looked at pediatric clinical cultures between 2005 and 2017 that grew Staphylococcus aureus culture and their trends in antibiotic resistance. Methicillin resistance declined but clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance increased significantly.
AHRQ-funded; HS022872.
Citation: Khamash DF, Voskertchian A, Tamma PD .
Increasing clindamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance in pediatric Staphylococcus aureus Infections.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2019 Sep 25;8(4):351-53. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy062..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Antibiotics, Medication, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Liang SY, Jansson DR, Hogan PG
Emergency department environmental contamination with methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus after care of colonized patients.
This study examined transmission of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in emergency departments (EDs) after care of colonized patients. The effect of MRSA infected patients’ visits to emergency rooms was studied after patients’ discharge and before environmental disinfection. Cultures from 5 anatomic sites were obtained and also from ED rooms. Nineteen of the 25 ED rooms that were occupied by MRSA-colonized patients contained greater than or equal to 1 MRSA-contaminated environmental surface. The room was more likely to be contaminated if there was more than 1 body site colonized on a patient. The strain was matched with the patient in 16 of the 19 ED rooms where MRSA was recovered. This study emphasized the importance of environmental surface disinfection to reduce MRSA transmission in EDs.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: Liang SY, Jansson DR, Hogan PG .
Emergency department environmental contamination with methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus after care of colonized patients.
Ann Emerg Med 2019 Jul;74(1):50-55. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.12.014..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Jarvenpaa M, Sater MRA, Lagoudas GK
A Bayesian model of acquisition and clearance of bacterial colonization incorporating within-host variation.
The authors present a Bayesian model that provides probabilities of whether two bacterial strains could be considered the same. This will help in predicting the spread of infections such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
AHRQ-funded; HS019388.
Citation: Jarvenpaa M, Sater MRA, Lagoudas GK .
A Bayesian model of acquisition and clearance of bacterial colonization incorporating within-host variation.
PLoS Comput Biol 2019 Apr 22;15(4):e1006534. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006534..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Patient Safety
Hogan PG, Mork RL, Boyle MG
Interplay of personal, pet, and environmental colonization in households affected by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
In this study, the investigators sought to determine the prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus environmental surface and pet colonization in households of children with community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) infection. The investigators found that household environments and pet dogs and cats serve as reservoirs of MRSA. Household member MRSA colonization burden predicts environmental MRSA contamination. The authors indicated that longitudinal studies will inform the directionality of household transmission.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269.
Citation: Hogan PG, Mork RL, Boyle MG .
Interplay of personal, pet, and environmental colonization in households affected by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
J Infect 2019 Mar;78(3):200-07. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.11.006..
Keywords: Community-Acquired Infections, Infectious Diseases, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
