National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedFlannery DD, Passarella M, Mukhopadhyay S
Early childhood antibiotic utilization for infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit.
The purpose of this retrospective observational study was to determine antibiotic use for Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Infants in the first 3 years after birth hospital discharge. Using data for 667,541 newborns discharged from 2007-2011 from Medicaid Analytic Extract, the researchers assessed the relationships between NICU admission and antibiotic prescription. The study reported that 596,999 infants received one or more antibiotics, with a media of 4 prescriptions across 3 person-years. NICU infants (N = 81 314) received more antibiotic prescriptions compared to non-NICU infants. The study concluded that compared to non-NICU infants, antibiotic utilization in early childhood was higher among infants discharged from NICUs.
AHRQ-funded; HS027468.
Citation: Flannery DD, Passarella M, Mukhopadhyay S .
Early childhood antibiotic utilization for infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit.
J Perinatol 2022 Jul;42(7):953-58. doi: 10.1038/s41372-022-01380-y..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Antibiotics, Medication
Nether KG, Thomas EJ, Khan A
Implementing a robust process improvement program in the neonatal intensive care unit to reduce harm.
This article describes the results of a robust process improvement (RPI) program implemented in a hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to improve processes and reduce harm. A total of 67 participants completed pretraining and post-training surveys after initiatives for improvements in central line blood stream infection handling, very low birth weight infant nutrition, and unplanned extubations. Training scores (0-10 scale) improved from an average of 4.45-7.60 for confidence in leading process improvement work, 2.36 to 7.49 for RPI knowledge, and 2.19 to 7.30 for confidence in using RPI tools.
AHRQ-funded; HS024459.
Citation: Nether KG, Thomas EJ, Khan A .
Implementing a robust process improvement program in the neonatal intensive care unit to reduce harm.
J Healthc Qual 2022 Jan-Feb;44(1):23-30. doi: 10.1097/jhq.0000000000000310..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Quality Improvement, Quality of Care