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Search All Research Studies
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- Adverse Events (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (5)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
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- (-) Medical Devices (8)
- (-) Mortality (8)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedZhou S, Yang G, Zhang M
Mortality following durable left ventricular assist device implantation by timing and type of first infection.
Researchers examined the relationship between timing and type of first infection regarding mortality following left ventricular assist device implantation. The study cohort included nearly 13,000 Society of Thoracic Surgeons Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support patients at 166 centers. The results showed that patients with any post-implantation infection had an increased risk of death; ventricular assist device-related infections and infections occurring in the intermediate interval (91-180 days after implantation) were associated with the largest increase in risk. The researchers recommended that infection prevention strategies should target non-ventricular assist device infections in the first 90 days, then shift to surveillance/prevention of driveline infections after 90 days.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Zhou S, Yang G, Zhang M .
Mortality following durable left ventricular assist device implantation by timing and type of first infection.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023 Aug; 166(2):570-79.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.10.056..
Keywords: Mortality, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medical Devices, Heart Disease and Health
Brescia AA, Watt TMF, Pagani FD
Assessment of mortality among durable left ventricular assist device recipients ineligible for clinical trials.
This study compared the mortality of heart patients undergoing durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation who were enrolled in a clinical trial called Multicenter Study of MagLev Technology in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Therapy With HeartMate 3 (MOMENTUM 3) to general population LVAD recipients from 181 North American centers from January 1, 2012, to June 30, 2017, identified in the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS). Among 14,679 recipients, a total of 6429 recipients (43.8%) would have been ineligible for enrollment in the MOMENTUM 3 study. Estimated mortality for recipients who were trial-ineligible was higher than for recipients who were trial-eligible (25.3% versus 16.2% for 1-year mortality, 42.8% versus 36.4% for 3-year mortality). The authors concluded that a better representation of the patient population would reflect real-world experience better than the trial eligibility criteria that was used.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Brescia AA, Watt TMF, Pagani FD .
Assessment of mortality among durable left ventricular assist device recipients ineligible for clinical trials.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Jan 4;4(1):e2032865. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32865..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Mortality, Medical Devices
Dhruva SS, Ross JS, Mortazavi BJ
Association of use of an intravascular microaxial left ventricular assist device vs intra-aortic balloon pump with in-hospital mortality and major bleeding among patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock.
This study examines outcomes among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock. Two interventions are compared: intravascular microaxial left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) versus intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABPs). The American College of Cardiology’s National Cardiovascular Data Registry was used to identify patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock from hospitals participating in the CathPCI and Chest Pain-MI registries and identified 28,304 patients. Over the study period (2015 to 2017), LVAD was used in 6.2% of patients and IABP in 29.9%. LVAD was shown to have higher rates of in-hospital death and major bleeding complications compared to IABP.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882; HS025402; HS025517; HS026379.
Citation: Dhruva SS, Ross JS, Mortazavi BJ .
Association of use of an intravascular microaxial left ventricular assist device vs intra-aortic balloon pump with in-hospital mortality and major bleeding among patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock.
JAMA 2020 Feb 25;323(8):734-45. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.0254..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Mortality, Adverse Events, Registries, Patient Safety, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Reeder HT, Shen C, Buxton AE
Joint shock/death risk prediction model for patients considering implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.
This study’s goal was to develop a joint shock/death risk prediction tool for patients who received implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). Secondary analysis of patients was conducted as part of the SCD-HeFT trial (Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial). An illness-death regression model was applied for both ICD shocks and deaths. Among 803 ICD recipients, 430 (53.5%) did not receive an ICD shock or die, 206 (25.7%) received at least 1 shock but did not die, 113 (14.1%) died before receiving a shock, and 54 (6.7%) received at least 1 shock but still died. This predictive performance can be used as a tool for individualized counseling for patients contemplating an ICD.
AHRQ-funded; HS024520.
Citation: Reeder HT, Shen C, Buxton AE .
Joint shock/death risk prediction model for patients considering implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2019 Aug;12(8):e005675. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.119.005675..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medical Devices, Risk, Shared Decision Making, Mortality
Bachmann JM, Duncan MS, Shah AS
Association of cardiac rehabilitation with decreased hospitalizations and mortality after ventricular assist device implantation.
This study examined whether outcomes of cardiac patients who had received ventricular assist device (VAD) implementation had decreased hospitalization and mortality with cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Medicare beneficiaries enrolled for disability or aged 65 years and older in 2014 were included. The investigators identified VAD recipients by diagnosis codes. It was found that each 5-year increase in age was associated with attending an additional 1.6 CR sessions and there was a 23% lower 1-year hospitalization risk and a 47% lower 1-year mortality risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Bachmann JM, Duncan MS, Shah AS .
Association of cardiac rehabilitation with decreased hospitalizations and mortality after ventricular assist device implantation.
JACC Heart Fail 2018 Feb;6(2):130-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.11.002..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Rehabilitation, Heart Disease and Health, Medical Devices, Surgery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Mortality, Evidence-Based Practice, Hospitalization
Zeitler EP, Hellkamp AS, Schulte PJ
Comparative effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention in women.
The researchers examined clinical practice data to compare survival rates among women with heart failure with or without a primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Theyn found that among patients with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, a primary prevention ICD was associated with a significant survival advantage among women and among men.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Zeitler EP, Hellkamp AS, Schulte PJ .
Comparative effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention in women.
Circ Heart Fail 2016 Jan;9(1):e002630. doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.115.002630.
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Keywords: Medical Devices, Comparative Effectiveness, Prevention, Heart Disease and Health, Mortality
Green AR, Leff B, Wang Y
Geriatric conditions in patients undergoing defibrillator implantation for prevention of sudden cardiac death: prevalence and impact on mortality.
The researchers sought to determine the prevalence of frailty and dementia among older adults receiving primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) and to determine the impact of multimorbidity on mortality within 1 year of ICD implantation. They concluded that more than 10 percent of Medicare beneficiaries with heart failure receiving primary prevention ICDs have frailty or dementia. These patients had significantly higher 1-year mortality than those with other common chronic conditions.
AHRQ-funded; HS019814; 290201200007I.
Citation: Green AR, Leff B, Wang Y .
Geriatric conditions in patients undergoing defibrillator implantation for prevention of sudden cardiac death: prevalence and impact on mortality.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2016 Jan;9(1):23-30. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.115.002053.
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Keywords: Elderly, Medical Devices, Mortality, Prevention, Dementia
Earley A, Persson R, Garlitski AC
Effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in subgroups a systematic review.
The purpose of this review was to examine ICD effectiveness for primary prevention of SCD across subgroups by sex, age, QRS interval, time since myocardial infarction, blood urea nitrogen level, and diabetes. It concluded that there was weak evidence showing differences for all-cause mortality in subgroups of sex, age, and QRS interval. Also, evidence was indeterminate for all-cause mortality in the other subgroups and for SCD.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710055I.
Citation: Earley A, Persson R, Garlitski AC .
Effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in subgroups a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2014 Jan 21;160(2):111-21. doi: 10.7326/m13-1787..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Comparative Effectiveness, Prevention, Mortality