National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Case Study (1)
- Chronic Conditions (3)
- Dementia (4)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (2)
- Education: Continuing Medical Education (1)
- Elderly (3)
- Evidence-Based Practice (6)
- (-) Guidelines (12)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
- Healthcare Utilization (2)
- Imaging (2)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- Medication (2)
- (-) Neurological Disorders (12)
- Opioids (1)
- Pain (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (3)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Prevention (2)
- Provider (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Screening (2)
- Shared Decision Making (3)
- Surgery (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedSaldanha IJ, Cao W, Bhuma MR
Systematic reviews can guide clinical practice and new research on primary headaches in pregnancy: an editorial on the 2022 American Headache Society Members' Choice Award paper.
This article describes the systematic review paper that was done on management of primary headaches during pregnancy, postpartum, and breastfeeding, which won the 2021 American Headache Society’s Member’s Choice Award. The findings are summarized in this paper, which discusses different pharmacologic interventions and their possible effects on the fetus/child and mother. Evidence was summarized for prevention and treatment of primary headache. The authors did not find a lot of evidence for harms or benefits but called for more studies to be done.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500002I.
Citation: Saldanha IJ, Cao W, Bhuma MR .
Systematic reviews can guide clinical practice and new research on primary headaches in pregnancy: an editorial on the 2022 American Headache Society Members' Choice Award paper.
Headache 2022 Jul;62(7):774-76. doi: 10.1111/head.14332..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Pregnancy, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
H H, Caton Gilstrap L
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults.
This evidence-based approach paper focuses on putting prevention into action. It discusses screening for cognitive impairment in older adults. It provides case study, case study questions and a discussion.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: H H, Caton Gilstrap L .
Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults.
Am Fam Physician 2020 Jun 15;101(12):753-54..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Dementia, Neurological Disorders, Elderly, Screening, Prevention, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Patnode CD, Perdue LA, Rossom RC
Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to systematically review the test accuracy of cognitive screening instruments and benefits and harms of interventions to treat cognitive impairment in older adults (>/=65 years) to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. The investigators concluded that screening instruments could adequately detect cognitive impairment. They indicated that there was no empirical evidence, however, that screening for cognitive impairment improved patient or caregiver outcomes or causes harm.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Perdue LA, Rossom RC .
Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Feb 25;323(8):764-85. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.22258..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Dementia, Neurological Disorders, Elderly, Guidelines, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Madapana N, Gonzalez G, Taneja R
Preference elicitation: obtaining gestural guidelines for PACS in neurosurgery.
The objectives of this study were to: a) Elicit gestures from neurosurgeons to analyze their preferences, b) Develop heuristics for gestural interfaces, and c) Produce a lexicon that maximizes surgeons' preferences. The elicitation study resulted in nine gesture lexicons, each comprised of 28 gestures. Results showed that neurosurgeons do agree on fundamental characteristics of gestures to perform image manipulation tasks. The proposed heuristics could potentially guide the development of future gesture-based interaction of Picture Archiving and Communication Systems for the operating room.
AHRQ-funded; HS024887.
Citation: Madapana N, Gonzalez G, Taneja R .
Preference elicitation: obtaining gestural guidelines for PACS in neurosurgery.
Int J Med Inform 2019 Oct;130:103934. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.07.013..
Keywords: Guidelines, Neurological Disorders, Patient Safety, Surgery
Armstrong MJ, Gronseth GS, Day GS
Patient stakeholder versus physician preferences regarding amyloid PET testing.
Patient and caregiver perspectives on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) use are largely unexplored, particularly as compared with clinician views. In this study, the investigators surveyed clinicians, patients, caregivers, and dementia advocates on topics relating to an evidence-based guideline on amyloid PET use. They found that patients and caregivers emphasized the importance of having a dementia diagnosis and placed more value on testing and outcomes for asymptomatic populations than clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS024159.
Citation: Armstrong MJ, Gronseth GS, Day GS .
Patient stakeholder versus physician preferences regarding amyloid PET testing.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019 Jul-Sep;33(3):246-53. doi: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000311..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Dementia, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Imaging, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Provider, Provider: Physician
Armstrong MJ
Developing the disorders of consciousness guideline and challenges of integrating shared decision-making into clinical practice.
The purpose of this study was to review methodology informing evidence-based guideline development and integration of guidelines into clinical care through shared decision-making (SDM) and to highlight challenges to SDM in disorders of consciousness. Recently published disorders of consciousness guideline recommendations provide strategies for clinicians to enhance quality care for these individuals and also to provide details helping clinicians partner with individuals with disorders of consciousness and their surrogates. Further research is recommended into many aspects of caring for individuals with disorders of consciousness and optimal strategies for partnering with surrogates in decision-making.
AHRQ-funded; HS024159.
Citation: Armstrong MJ .
Developing the disorders of consciousness guideline and challenges of integrating shared decision-making into clinical practice.
J Head Trauma Rehabil 2019 May/Jun;34(3):199-204. doi: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000496.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Callaghan BC, Reynolds E, Banerjee M
Longitudinal pattern of pain medication utilization in peripheral neuropathy patients.
The authors of this article investigated the pattern and utilization of neuropathic pain medications in peripheral neuropathy patients. They found that opioid initiation and transition to chronic opioid therapy were frequent in the studied population despite few patients receiving more than one guideline-recommended medication. They concluded that efforts are needed to decrease opioid utilization and to increase guideline-recommended medication use in order to improve current neuropathic pain treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS017690.
Citation: Callaghan BC, Reynolds E, Banerjee M .
Longitudinal pattern of pain medication utilization in peripheral neuropathy patients.
Pain 2019 Mar;160(3):592-99. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001439..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Guidelines, Healthcare Utilization, Medication, Neurological Disorders, Opioids, Pain, Practice Patterns
Carnahan RM, Daly JM, Minion S
A needs assessment of family physicians to inform development of educational resources on antipsychotic use in dementia.
The authors assessed the needs and preferred resources of Iowa physicians to inform the development of educational resources for best practice dementia care and compared the responses of nursing home medical directors with nonmedical directors. They found that medical directors and nonmedical directors had similar preferences for resources used and information needs, with preference for online resources, pocket guides, a handbook, consulting pharmacists, and facility in-services being the most commonly preferred sources of new information. Medical directors were significantly more aware of the FDA warning on antipsychotic use in dementia and treated more nursing home patients. No differences were observed between groups related to confidence in and use of nondrug strategies instead of antipsychotics to manage behavioral symptoms of dementia.
AHRQ-funded; HS019355.
Citation: Carnahan RM, Daly JM, Minion S .
A needs assessment of family physicians to inform development of educational resources on antipsychotic use in dementia.
J Prim Care Community Health 2019 Jan-Dec;10:2150132719840113. doi: 10.1177/2150132719840113..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Medication, Dementia, Neurological Disorders, Elderly, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Long-Term Care
Nuckols T, Conlon C, Robbins M
Quality of care for work-associated carpal tunnel syndrome.
This study evaluated the quality of care provided to individuals with workers' compensation claims related to carpal tunnel syndrome and identified patient characteristics associated with receiving better care. Overall, 81.6 percent of care adhered to recommended standards. Patients with classic/probable Katz diagrams, positive electrodiagnostic tests, and higher incomes received better care. However, age, sex, and race/ethnicity were not associated with quality.
AHRQ-funded; HS018982.
Citation: Nuckols T, Conlon C, Robbins M .
Quality of care for work-associated carpal tunnel syndrome.
J Occup Environ Med 2017 Jan;59(1):47-53. doi: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000916.
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Keywords: Guidelines, Quality of Care, Neurological Disorders, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Quality Indicators (QIs)
Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Pace RJ
Headache neuroimaging: routine testing when guidelines recommend against them.
The aim of this article was to determine the patient-level factors associated with headache neuroimaging in outpatient practice. It concluded that neuroimaging is routinely ordered in outpatient headache patients including populations where guidelines specifically recommend against their use (migraines, chronic headaches, no red flags).
AHRQ-funded; HS017690.
Citation: Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Pace RJ .
Headache neuroimaging: routine testing when guidelines recommend against them.
Cephalalgia 2015 Nov;35(13):1144-52. doi: 10.1177/0333102415572918.
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Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Imaging, Shared Decision Making, Guidelines, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Burke JF
Headaches and neuroimaging—reply.
The authors of this letter, replying to two letters commenting on their earlier article on headaches and neuroimaging, find that they all share the view that neuroimaging is overused in headache presentations. They also discuss the potential downsides of interventions to reduce use, the impact of medical malpractice on overuse of tests, and the lack of consensus in defining low-value tests.
AHRQ-funded; HS017690
Citation: Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Burke JF .
Headaches and neuroimaging—reply.
JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Feb;175(2):313-4. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7014..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Healthcare Costs, Chronic Conditions, Guidelines
Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Pace RJ
Headaches and neuroimaging: high utilization and costs despite guidelines.
Little is known about recent headache neuroimaging utilization, associated expenditures, and temporal trends. Looking at 51.1 million outpatient headache visits over 4 years, this study found that neuroimaging is ordered during 12% of these visits, costs $1 billion annually, and is increasing over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS017690
Citation: Callaghan BC, Kerber KA, Pace RJ .
Headaches and neuroimaging: high utilization and costs despite guidelines.
JAMA Intern Med. 2014 May;174(5):819-21. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.173..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Healthcare Utilization, Guidelines, Healthcare Costs, Chronic Conditions