National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (2)
- Asthma (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Caregiving (3)
- Children/Adolescents (5)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- (-) Clinician-Patient Communication (34)
- Communication (17)
- Critical Care (1)
- Cultural Competence (2)
- Data (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Disparities (2)
- Education: Continuing Medical Education (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Elderly (3)
- (-) Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (34)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (27)
- Health Literacy (4)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Inpatient Care (3)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (2)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Patient and Family Engagement (7)
- Patient Experience (5)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Policy (2)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Primary Care (6)
- Provider (2)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (2)
- Registries (1)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Risk (1)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Web-Based (6)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 34 Research Studies DisplayedKelly MM, Smith CA, Hoonakker PLT
Stakeholder perspectives in anticipation of sharing physicians' notes with parents of hospitalized children.
Researchers sought to elicit stakeholder perspectives on the anticipated benefits and challenges of sharing hospital physicians' admission and daily progress notes with parents at the bedside during their child's hospitalization and to identify strategies to aid implementation of inpatient note sharing. Focus groups with 34 stakeholders at a children's hospital were conducted. The researchers identified four anticipated benefits of sharing inpatient notes, five expected challenges, and three suggested implementation strategies.
Citation: Kelly MM, Smith CA, Hoonakker PLT .
Stakeholder perspectives in anticipation of sharing physicians' notes with parents of hospitalized children.
Acad Pediatr 2021 Mar;21(2):259-64. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.11.018..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Inpatient Care, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Communication, Clinician-Patient Communication
Rodriguez JA, Fossa A, Mishuris R
Bridging the language gap in patient portals: an evaluation of Google Translate.
Due to communication barriers, limited English-proficient (LEP) patients face challenges in the healthcare system. Given the language divide, the investigators sought to assess the use of Google Translate (GT) in the clinical setting and compare its efficacy to traditional human translation of patient messages. The investigators translated the messages to English using a professional translator and GT and created a series of clinical comprehension questions based on the message content.
AHRQ-funded; HS021495.
Citation: Rodriguez JA, Fossa A, Mishuris R .
Bridging the language gap in patient portals: an evaluation of Google Translate.
J Gen Intern Med 2021 Feb;36(2):567-69. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-05719-z..
Keywords: Cultural Competence, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Brown W, Balyan R, Karter AJ
Challenges and solutions to employing natural language processing and machine learning to measure patients' health literacy and physician writing complexity: the ECLIPPSE study.
In the National Library of Medicine-funded ECLIPPSE Project (Employing Computational Linguistics to Improve Patient-Provider Secure Emails exchange), the researchers attempted to create novel, valid, and scalable measures of both patients' health literacy (HL) and physicians' linguistic complexity by employing natural language processing techniques and machine learning. They identified 23 challenges and associated approaches that emerged from three overarching process domains. They suggested that investigators undertaking similar research in HL or using computational linguistic methods to assess patient-clinician exchange may find their solutions helpful when designing and executing health communications research.
Citation: Brown W, Balyan R, Karter AJ .
Challenges and solutions to employing natural language processing and machine learning to measure patients' health literacy and physician writing complexity: the ECLIPPSE study.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383..
Keywords: Health Literacy, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Communication, Clinician-Patient Communication
Rogith D, Satterly T, Singh H
Application of human factors methods to understand missed follow-up of abnormal test results.
This study demonstrated application of human factors methods for understanding causes for lack of timely follow-up of abnormal test results ("missed results") in outpatient settings. The investigators identified 30 cases of missed test results by querying electronic health record data, developed a critical decision method based interview guide to understand decision-making processes, and interviewed physicians who ordered these tests. They analyzed transcribed responses, developed a CI-based flow model, and conducted a fault tree analysis to identify hierarchical relationships between factors that delayed action.
AHRQ-funded; HS022087; HS022901.
Citation: Rogith D, Satterly T, Singh H .
Application of human factors methods to understand missed follow-up of abnormal test results.
Appl Clin Inform 2020 Oct;11(5):692-98. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1716537..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Shared Decision Making, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Communication, Clinician-Patient Communication
Lyles CR, Nelson EC, Frampton S
Using electronic health record portals to improve patient engagement: research priorities and best practices.
This literature review identified 53 studies published from September 2013 to June 2019 that informed best practices and priorities for future research on patient engagement with electronic health record (EHR) data through patient portals. While 90% of health care systems now offer patient portals, only 15-30% of patients use them to access their physicians or health care systems. Studies reviewed mostly involved outpatient settings and fell into 3 major categories: interventions to increase use of patient portals, usability testing of portal interfaces, and documentation of patient and clinician barriers to portal use. Limited health or digital literacy impacted patients’ use of portals. Clinicians reported a lack of workflows to support patient engagement through portals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023558.
Citation: Lyles CR, Nelson EC, Frampton S .
Using electronic health record portals to improve patient engagement: research priorities and best practices.
Ann Intern Med 2020 Jun 2;172(11 Suppl):S123-s29. doi: 10.7326/m19-0876..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient and Family Engagement, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Literacy, Clinician-Patient Communication
Clarke MA, Fruhling AL, Sitorius M
Impact of age on patients' communication and technology preferences in the era of meaningful use: mixed methods study.
Impact of age on patients' communication and technology preferences in the era of meaningful use: mixed methods study.
AHRQ-funded; HS022110.
Citation: Clarke MA, Fruhling AL, Sitorius M .
Impact of age on patients' communication and technology preferences in the era of meaningful use: mixed methods study.
J Med Internet Res 2020 Jun;22(6):e13470. doi: 10.2196/13470..
Keywords: Elderly, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Patient and Family Engagement, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Chan B, Lyles C, Kaplan C
A comparison of electronic patient-portal use among patients with resident and attending primary care providers.
In this study, the authors investigated differences in overall and patterns of portal use for patients with resident and attending primary care providers (PCPs). They concluded that given the lower patient-portal use among residents' patients, residency programs should develop curricula to bolster trainee competence in using the patient-portal for communication and to enhance the patient-physician relationship.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981; HS022408.
Citation: Chan B, Lyles C, Kaplan C .
A comparison of electronic patient-portal use among patients with resident and attending primary care providers.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Dec;33(12):2085-91. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4637-x..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care, Provider, Provider: Physician
Ancker JS, Sharko M, Hong M
Should parents see their teen's medical record? Asking about the effect on adolescent-doctor communication changes attitudes.
Parents routinely access young children's medical records, but medical societies strongly recommend confidential care during adolescence, and most medical centers restrict parental records access during the teen years. In this study, the investigators sought to assess public opinion about adolescent medical privacy. The investigators concluded that although medical societies recommend confidential care for adolescents, public opinion was largely in favor of parental access.
AHRQ-funded; HS021531.
Citation: Ancker JS, Sharko M, Hong M .
Should parents see their teen's medical record? Asking about the effect on adolescent-doctor communication changes attitudes.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Dec;25(12):1593-99. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocy120..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Policy
Senft N, Butler E, Everson J
Growing disparities in patient-provider messaging: trend analysis before and after supportive policy.
This study examined trends in eHealth disparities before and after the introduction of US federal financial incentives. The investigators compared rates of patient-provider messaging, which was directly incentivized, with rates of looking for health information on the Web, which was not directly incentivized. The investigators concluded that disparities in provider messaging widened over time, particularly following federal financial incentives.
AHRQ-funded; HS26395; HS26122.
Citation: Senft N, Butler E, Everson J .
Growing disparities in patient-provider messaging: trend analysis before and after supportive policy.
J Med Internet Res 2019 Oct 7;21(10):e14976. doi: 10.2196/14976..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Disparities, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Policy
Grout RW, Cheng ER, Aalsma MC
Let them speak for themselves: improving adolescent self-report rate on pre-visit screening.
This study examined the effect of an automated alert during electronic pre-visit electronic tablet screening on the adolescent self-report rate at pediatric ambulatory clinics. The goal was to increase self-reporting as opposed to parents or caregivers filling out the screening information.bAn interventional study was conducted over a 16 month period. Preintervention rates were low for adolescents, with parents or caregivers completing the pre-visit reports at a high rate. After intervention, self-reporting by younger adolescents nearly doubled and among older adolescents the stable baseline rate of 53.6% increased by 9.2 absolute percentage points.
AHRQ-funded; HS017939; HS018453; HS020640; HS022681.
Citation: Grout RW, Cheng ER, Aalsma MC .
Let them speak for themselves: improving adolescent self-report rate on pre-visit screening.
Acad Pediatr 2019 Jul;19(5):581-88. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.04.010..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Communication, Clinician-Patient Communication
Patel MR, Smith A, Leo H
Improving patient-provider communication and therapeutic practice through better integration of electronic health records in the exam room: a pilot study.
This study assessed the effectiveness of providing physicians who use electronic health records (EHRs) education for communication strategies and its impact on patient outcomes. The evidence-based Physician Asthma Care Education (PACE) program was extended in a pilot program using 18 providers and 126 adult patients with persistent asthma. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 3- and 6-month postintervention intervals. Providers who completed the EHR-PACE program felt more confident in communicating with their patients, but there was no significant changes in patient asthma outcomes or their perceptions of their provider’s communication skills.
AHRQ-funded; HS023786.
Citation: Patel MR, Smith A, Leo H .
Improving patient-provider communication and therapeutic practice through better integration of electronic health records in the exam room: a pilot study.
Health Educ Behav 2019 Jun;46(3):484-93. doi: 10.1177/1090198118796879..
Keywords: Asthma, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Evidence-Based Practice, Health Information Technology (HIT), Outcomes, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Khoong EC, Cherian R, Matta GY
Perspectives of English, Chinese, and Spanish-speaking safety-net patients on clinician computer use: qualitative analysis.
The goal of this study was to understand how safety-net patients, including those with limited English proficiency, view clinician electronic health record (EHR) use. Through focus groups in English, Spanish, and Cantonese, results showed that linguistically diverse patients accepted the value of EHR use during outpatient visits but desired more eye contact, verbal warnings before EHR use, and screen-sharing. Support for clinicians in completing EHR-related tasks during the visit using patient-centered strategies for all patients is recommended.
AHRQ-funded; HS022561; HS023558; HS022408.
Citation: Khoong EC, Cherian R, Matta GY .
Perspectives of English, Chinese, and Spanish-speaking safety-net patients on clinician computer use: qualitative analysis.
J Med Internet Res 2019 May 22;21(5):e13131. doi: 10.2196/13131..
Keywords: Cultural Competence, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient Experience, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Clinician-Patient Communication, Health Literacy, Communication
Kelly MM, Thurber AS, Coller RJ
Parent perceptions of real-time access to their hospitalized child's medical records using an inpatient portal: a qualitative study.
In this study, the authors’ objectives were to identify why parents used an inpatient portal application on a tablet computer during their child's hospitalization and identify their perspectives of ways to optimize the technology. The investigators concluded that providing parents with real-time clinical information during their child's hospitalization using an inpatient portal may enhance their ability to engage in caregiving tasks critical to ensuring inpatient care quality and safety.
Citation: Kelly MM, Thurber AS, Coller RJ .
Parent perceptions of real-time access to their hospitalized child's medical records using an inpatient portal: a qualitative study.
Hosp Pediatr 2019 Apr;9(4):273-80. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2018-0166..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Caregiving, Hospitalization, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Clinician-Patient Communication
Son H, Nahm ES
Older adults' experience using patient portals in communities: challenges and opportunities.
The purpose of this study was to assess the perceived usability of patient portals currently used by older adults. 272 older adults were recruited from an online trial testing the effects of a 3-week Theory-Based Patient Portal eLearning Program. Self-efficacy and perceived usability of patient portals were both low; difficulties with using patient portals were primarily associated with login/access and specific portal functions. Favored features were review of medical information and eMessaging.
AHRQ-funded; HS024739.
Citation: Son H, Nahm ES .
Older adults' experience using patient portals in communities: challenges and opportunities.
Comput Inform Nurs 2019 Jan;37(1):4-10. doi: 10.1097/cin.0000000000000476..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Elderly, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Experience, Web-Based
Sieck CJ, Walker DM, Hefner JL
Understanding secure messaging in the inpatient environment: a new avenue for communication and patient engagement.
Patient portals, and the secure messaging feature in particular, have been studied in the outpatient setting, but research in the inpatient setting is relatively less mature. In this study, the investigators analyzed and categorized messages sent within an inpatient portal to understand the topics discussed in secure messaging in the inpatient environment. They concluded that their analysis of secure message content suggested certain message types and topics such as Alerts/Requests and Questions about symptoms and treatment plans were particularly important to patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS024091; HS024349; HS024379.
Citation: Sieck CJ, Walker DM, Hefner JL .
Understanding secure messaging in the inpatient environment: a new avenue for communication and patient engagement.
Appl Clin Inform 2018 Oct;9(4):860-68. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1675814..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Inpatient Care, Patient and Family Engagement
Grossman LV, Choi SW, Collins S
Implementation of acute care patient portals: recommendations on utility and use from six early adopters.
This paper provides recommendations on how to most effectively implement advanced features of acute care patient portals, including: (1) patient-provider communication, (2) care plan information, (3) clinical data viewing, (4) patient education, (5) patient safety, (6) caregiver access, and (7) hospital amenities. One specific recommendation was that stakeholders in acute care patient portals should consider the benefits and challenges of generic and structured electronic care team messaging.
AHRQ-funded; HS021816; HS023613; HS023535; HS024349.
Citation: Grossman LV, Choi SW, Collins S .
Implementation of acute care patient portals: recommendations on utility and use from six early adopters.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Apr;25(4):370-79. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocx074.
.
.
Keywords: Critical Care, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Patient Safety, Clinician-Patient Communication, Web-Based
Street RL, Liu L, Farber NJ
Keystrokes, mouse clicks, and gazing at the computer: how physician interaction with the EHR affects patient participation.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the different ways physicians interact with the computer vary in their effects on patient participation in the consultation, physicians' efforts to facilitate patient involvement, and silence. The investigators found that patients may be more reluctant to actively participate in medical encounters when physicians are more physically engaged with the computer (e.g., keyboard activity) than when their behavior is less demonstrative (e.g., gazing at EHR).
AHRQ-funded; HS021290.
Citation: Street RL, Liu L, Farber NJ .
Keystrokes, mouse clicks, and gazing at the computer: how physician interaction with the EHR affects patient participation.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Apr;33(4):423-28. doi: 10.1007/s11606-017-4228-2..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement, Clinician-Patient Communication
Giardina TD, Baldwin J, Nystrom DT
Patient perceptions of receiving test results via online portals: a mixed-methods study.
The researchers conducted a mixed-methods study to explore patients' experiences and preferences when accessing their test results via online portals. They found that nearly two-thirds (63 percent) did not receive any explanatory information or test result interpretation at the time they received the result. Patients experienced negative emotions often with abnormal results, but sometimes even with normal results.
AHRQ-funded; HS023602; HS022087.
Citation: Giardina TD, Baldwin J, Nystrom DT .
Patient perceptions of receiving test results via online portals: a mixed-methods study.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Apr;25(4):440-46. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocx140.
.
.
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement, Clinician-Patient Communication, Web-Based
Chung S, Panattoni L, Chi J
Can secure patient-provider messaging improve diabetes care?
The authors examined whether messaging with physicians for medical advice is associated with fewer face-to-face visits and better diabetes management. Patients with diabetes using an online portal were studied; 72% used messaging, and those who made frequent visits were also more likely to message. No messaging at all was negatively associated with the likelihood of meeting an HbA1c target. Among message users, additional messages were associated with better outcome, with a stronger relationship for noninsulin users. Physician-initiated messages had effects similar to those for patient-initiated messages.
AHRQ-funded; HS019815.
Citation: Chung S, Panattoni L, Chi J .
Can secure patient-provider messaging improve diabetes care?
Diabetes Care 2017 Oct;40(10):1342-48. doi: 10.2337/dc17-0140.
.
.
Keywords: Communication, Diabetes, Clinician-Patient Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Bush RA, Connelly CD, Perez A
Physician perception of the role of the patient portal in pediatric health.
Little information regarding physician opinion of the patient portal is available, with almost no information gathered in the pediatric environment. Using a mixed-methods approach, physicians in a large pediatric medical facility and integrated delivery network were surveyed by online quantitative questionnaire and structured interviews. Physicians reported the portal's role in more communication efficiency for patients, parents, and providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS022404.
Citation: Bush RA, Connelly CD, Perez A .
Physician perception of the role of the patient portal in pediatric health.
J Ambul Care Manage 2017 Jul/Sep;40(3):238-45. doi: 10.1097/jac.0000000000000175.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Provider: Health Personnel, Clinician-Patient Communication, Web-Based
Tai-Seale M, Olson CW, Li J
Electronic health record logs indicate that physicians split time evenly between seeing patients and desktop medicine.
The researchers used data on physicians' time allocation patterns captured by over thirty-one million EHR transactions in the period 2011-14 recorded by 471 primary care physicians, who collectively worked on 765,129 patients' EHRs. Their results suggest that the physicians logged an average of 3.08 hours on office visits and 3.17 hours on desktop medicine each day.
AHRQ-funded; HS019167.
Citation: Tai-Seale M, Olson CW, Li J .
Electronic health record logs indicate that physicians split time evenly between seeing patients and desktop medicine.
Health Aff 2017 Apr;36(4):655-62. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0811.
.
.
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care, Practice Patterns
Federman AD, Sanchez-Munoz A, Jandorf L
Patient and clinician perspectives on the outpatient after-visit summary: a qualitative study to inform improvements in visit summary design.
The researchers explored patients' and clinicians' perspectives on electronic health record (EHR)-generated outpatient after-visit summaries (AVSs) to inform efforts to maximize the document's utility. They learned that core themes included the use and purpose of the AVS, content modification and prioritization, formatting improvements, customization, privacy and accuracy concerns, and clinician workflow concerns.
AHRQ-funded; HS023844.
Citation: Federman AD, Sanchez-Munoz A, Jandorf L .
Patient and clinician perspectives on the outpatient after-visit summary: a qualitative study to inform improvements in visit summary design.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2017 Apr;24(e1):e61-e68. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocw106.
.
.
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Primary Care, Clinician-Patient Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Haas JS, Baer HJ, Eibensteiner K
A cluster randomized trial of a personalized multi-condition risk assessment in primary care.
This study evaluated whether collection of risk factors to generate electronic health record (EHR)-linked health risk appraisal (HRA) for coronary heart disease, diabetes, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer was associated with improved patient-provider communication, risk assessment, and plans for breast cancer screening. It concluded that patient-reported risk factors and EHR-linked multi-condition HRAs in primary care can modestly improve communication and promote accuracy of self-perceived risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS018644.
Citation: Haas JS, Baer HJ, Eibensteiner K .
A cluster randomized trial of a personalized multi-condition risk assessment in primary care.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1):100-05. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.07.013.
.
.
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care, Clinician-Patient Communication, Risk
Ratanawongsa N, Barton JL, Lyles CR
Computer use, language, and literacy in safety net clinic communication.
The researchers investigated the associations between safety net clinician computer use and patient-provider communication for patients with limited health literacy (LHL) and limited English proficiency (LEP). They found that higher clinician computer use was associated with more biomedical focus with LEP/LHL patients, and clinician verbal dominance and lower ratings with patients with adequate English proficiency and health literacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022561.
Citation: Ratanawongsa N, Barton JL, Lyles CR .
Computer use, language, and literacy in safety net clinic communication.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2017 Jan;24(1):106-12. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocw062.
.
.
Keywords: Communication, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Literacy, Clinician-Patient Communication, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Lyles CR, Allen JY, Poole D
"I want to keep the personal relationship with my doctor": Understanding barriers to portal use among African Americans and Latinos.
The investigators sought to understand specific barriers to portal use among African American and Latino patients at Kaiser Permanente, which has had a portal in place for over a decade. Their findings suggest that uniform adoption of portal use across diverse patient groups requires more usable, more personalized websites, which may be particularly important for reducing health care disparities.
AHRQ-funded; HS022408.
Citation: Lyles CR, Allen JY, Poole D .
"I want to keep the personal relationship with my doctor": Understanding barriers to portal use among African Americans and Latinos.
J Med Internet Res 2016 Oct 3;18(10):e263. doi: 10.2196/jmir.5910.
.
.
Keywords: Disparities, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Clinician-Patient Communication, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Web-Based