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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedHigashi RT, Rodriguez SA, Betts AC
Anal cancer screening among women with HIV: provider experiences and system-level challenges.
This article described current practices and barriers met in conducting anal cancer screenings for women living with HIV (WLWH) in an urban integrated safety-net system and in a non-profit community-based HIV clinic. Semi-structured interviews with clinical and administrative stakeholders were conducted to assess their screening for anal cancer experiences, knowledge, clinic practices and procedures. Barriers included limited knowledge of guidelines by providers and system-level issues such as lack of coordination between clinics and limitations on available resources. The authors concluded that screenings and follow-up require organization and coordination between multiple care teams, as well as improved clinical information systems to facilitate communication and infrastructure for managing abnormal results.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Higashi RT, Rodriguez SA, Betts AC .
Anal cancer screening among women with HIV: provider experiences and system-level challenges.
AIDS Care 2022 Feb; 34(2):220-26. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1883512..
Keywords: Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Women, Screening
Rodriguez SA, Higashi RT, Betts AC
Anal cancer and anal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and perceived risk among women living with HIV.
The aims of this study were (1) to describe anal cancer knowledge, perceived risk, screening barriers, and acceptability of sample self-collection among women living with HIV (WLWH) at an integrated safety-net system and (2) to describe differences in demographic and psychosocial variables among a subsample of WLWH with a history of abnormal cervical cytology results versus those with normal results. The investigators concluded that this study highlighted a gap in knowledge and awareness among WLWH regarding their heightened risk for anal cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Rodriguez SA, Higashi RT, Betts AC .
Anal cancer and anal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, and perceived risk among women living with HIV.
J Low Genit Tract Dis 2021 Jan;25(1):43-47. doi: 10.1097/lgt.0000000000000578..
Keywords: Cancer, Screening, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Women
Rohner E, Butikofer L, Schmidlin K
Cervical cancer risk in women living with HIV across four continents: a multicohort study.
In this study, the investigators compared invasive cervical cancer (ICC) incidence rates in Europe, South Africa, Latin and North America among women living with HIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 1996 and 2014. The investigators concluded that improving access to early ART initiation and effective cervical cancer screening in women living with HIV should be key parts of global efforts to reduce cancer-related health inequities.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Rohner E, Butikofer L, Schmidlin K .
Cervical cancer risk in women living with HIV across four continents: a multicohort study.
Int J Cancer 2020 Feb;146(3):601-09. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32260..
Keywords: Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Women, Medication, Chronic Conditions
Hernandez-Ramirez RU, Qin L, Lin H
Association of immunosuppression and HIV viraemia with non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk overall and by subtype in people living with HIV in Canada and the USA: a multicentre cohort study.
Research is needed to better understand relations between immunosuppression and HIV viraemia and risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a common cancer in people living with HIV. In this study, the investigators aimed to identify key CD4 count and HIV RNA (viral load) predictors of risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, overall and by subtype. They studied people living with HIV during 1996-2014 from 21 Canadian and US cohorts participating in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Hernandez-Ramirez RU, Qin L, Lin H .
Association of immunosuppression and HIV viraemia with non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk overall and by subtype in people living with HIV in Canada and the USA: a multicentre cohort study.
Lancet HIV 2019 Apr;6(4):e240-e49. doi: 10.1016/s2352-3018(18)30360-6..
Keywords: Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Moore RD
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Adults with HIV have an increased burden of non-AIDS-defining cancers, myocardial infarction, end-stage liver disease, and end-stage renal disease. The objective of this study was to estimate the population attributable fractions (PAFs) of preventable or modifiable HIV-related and traditional risk factors for non-AIDS-defining cancers, myocardial infarction, end-stage liver disease, and end-stage renal disease outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Moore RD .
Contributions of traditional and HIV-related risk factors on non-AIDS-defining cancer, myocardial infarction, and end-stage liver and renal diseases in adults with HIV in the USA and Canada: a collaboration of cohort studies.
Lancet HIV 2019 Feb;6(2):e93-e104. doi: 10.1016/s2352-3018(18)30295-9.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Kidney Disease and Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Heart Disease and Health, Risk
Grover S, Desir F, Jing Y
Reduced cancer survival among adults with HIV and AIDS-defining illnesses despite no difference in cancer stage at diagnosis.
A cohort of persons with HIV (PWH) who had AIDS-defining illness (ADI) at the time of cancer diagnosis were compared to those without HIV and ADI with cancer diagnosis at the same stages. Those with ADI had a higher mortality rate (30-70%) with lung cancer statistically significant. This finding is related with HIV-related immune suppression.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Grover S, Desir F, Jing Y .
Reduced cancer survival among adults with HIV and AIDS-defining illnesses despite no difference in cancer stage at diagnosis.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2018 Dec 1;79(4):421-29. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001842..
Keywords: Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Outcomes
Silverberg MJ, Lau B, Achenbach CJ
Cumulative incidence of cancer among persons with HIV in North America: a cohort study.
The primary objective of the study was to compare time trends in cumulative cancer incidence in persons with and without HIV. It concluded that the high cumulative incidences by age 75 years for Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and lung cancer support early and sustained antiretroviral therapy and smoking cessation.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713/PHS.
Citation: Silverberg MJ, Lau B, Achenbach CJ .
Cumulative incidence of cancer among persons with HIV in North America: a cohort study.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Oct 6;163(7):507-18. doi: 10.7326/m14-2768..
Keywords: Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Tobacco Use
Althoff KN, McGinnis KA, Wyatt CM
Comparison of risk and age at diagnosis of myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease, and non-AIDS-defining cancer in HIV-infected versus uninfected adults.
The objective of this study was to compare the median age at, and risk of, incident diagnosis of 3 age-associated diseases in HIV-infected and demographically similar uninfected adults. It found that HIV-infected adults had a higher risk of these age-associated diseases (myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease, and non-AIDS-defining cancer), but they occurred at similar ages to those without HIV.
AHRQ-funded; HS018372.
Citation: Althoff KN, McGinnis KA, Wyatt CM .
Comparison of risk and age at diagnosis of myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease, and non-AIDS-defining cancer in HIV-infected versus uninfected adults.
Clin Infect Dis 2015 Feb 15;60(4):627-38. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu869..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Heart Disease and Health, Kidney Disease and Health, Cancer