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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedGreenlee MC, Bolen S, Chong W
The National Clinical Care Commission report to Congress: leveraging federal policies and programs to improve diabetes treatment and reduce complications.
This paper is the fourth in a series of five articles describing the recommendations of the National Clinician Care Commission (NCCC) on diabetes care. This paper focused on the recommendations of the Treatment and Complications subcommittee of the National Clinical Care Commission. The Commission made recommendations at all levels: patient, practice, health system, and health policy. They also identified several areas that need additional research, such as studying the barriers to uptake of diabetes self-management education and support, exploring methods to implement team-based care, and evaluating the importance of digital connectivity as a social determinant of health.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Greenlee MC, Bolen S, Chong W .
The National Clinical Care Commission report to Congress: leveraging federal policies and programs to improve diabetes treatment and reduce complications.
Diabetes Care 2023 Feb; 46(2):e51-e59. doi: 10.2337/dc22-0621..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Policy, Prevention, Quality of Life
Parsons HM, Forte ML, Abdi HI
Nutrition as prevention for improved cancer health outcomes: a systematic literature review.
This systematic review examined evidence for the effectiveness of providing nutritional interventions before or during cancer therapy to improve cancer treatment outcomes. The studies examined focused primarily on non-vitamin/mineral dietary supplements, nutrition support, and route or timing of inpatient nutrition interventions for patients with gastrointestinal or head and neck cancer; most of the studies evaluated changes in body weight, adverse events from cancer treatment, length of hospital stay, or quality of life. While studies with low- or medium risk-of-bias reported mixed results on the effect of nutritional interventions, the authors concluded that the methodological limitations impair the translation of study findings into clinical practice or guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00008.
Citation: Parsons HM, Forte ML, Abdi HI .
Nutrition as prevention for improved cancer health outcomes: a systematic literature review.
JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023 May 2; 7(3):pkad035. doi: 10.1093/jncics/pkad035..
Keywords: Nutrition, Cancer, Prevention, Quality of Life, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Roth JA, Gulati R, Gore JL
Economic analysis of prostate-specific antigen screening and selective treatment strategies.
The researchers evaluated the potential cost-effectiveness of plausible prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening strategies and assessed the value added by increased use of conservative management among low-risk, screen-detected cases. They found that, with contemporary treatment, only strategies with biopsy referral for PSA levels higher than 10.0 ng/mL or age-dependent thresholds were associated with increased quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and only quadrennial screening of patients aged 55 to 69 years was potentially cost-effective in terms of cost per QALY. They concluded that, for PSA screening to be cost-effective, it needs to be used conservatively and ideally in combination with a conservative management approach for low-risk disease.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Roth JA, Gulati R, Gore JL .
Economic analysis of prostate-specific antigen screening and selective treatment strategies.
JAMA Oncol 2016 Jul;2(7):890-8. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.6275.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Prevention, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Quality of Life, Screening
Hellinger FJ
AHRQ Author: Hellinger FJ
Assessing the cost effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in the US.
In order to assess the cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in the U.S., the author evaluates various studies and finds that they yield widely varying estimates of the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, and that this variations reflects the substantial uncertainty surrounding the determinants of HIV transmission as well as different approaches to translating a reduction in HIV cases into an estimate of the increase in the number of QALYs.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hellinger FJ .
Assessing the cost effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in the US.
Pharmacoeconomics. 2013 Dec;31(12):1091-104. doi: 10.1007/s40273-013-0111-0..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Healthcare Costs, Quality of Life, Healthcare Costs, Prevention
Zanocco K, Elaraj D, Sturgeon C
Routine prophylactic central neck dissection for low-risk papillary thyroid cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
The researchers hypothesized that routine prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) is not cost-effective in low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).Using a Markov transition-state model, they found that pCND cost $10,315 and produced an effectiveness of 23.785 quality-adjusted life years. They concluded that routine pCND for low-risk PTC is not cost-effective unless the recurrence rate is greater than 10.3 percent.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Zanocco K, Elaraj D, Sturgeon C .
Routine prophylactic central neck dissection for low-risk papillary thyroid cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
Surgery 2013 Dec;154(6):1148-55; discussion 54-5..
Keywords: Cancer, Surgery, Prevention, Healthcare Costs, Quality of Life