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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 34 Research Studies DisplayedPowell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of crime on physical activity location accessibility, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and obesity among African American women. The study’s simulations showed that crime may serve as a barrier to LTPA. Reducing crime and increasing propensity to exercise through multilevel interventions may promote greater than linear declines in obesity prevalence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Powell-Wiley TM, Wong MS, Adu-Brimpong J .
Simulating the impact of crime on African American women's physical activity and obesity.
Obesity 2017 Dec;25(12):2149-55. doi: 10.1002/oby.22040.
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Keywords: Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Pantalone KM, Hobbs TM, Chagin KM
Prevalence and recognition of obesity and its associated comorbidities: cross-sectional analysis of electronic health record data from a large US integrated health system.
The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and its related comorbidities among patients being actively managed at a US academic medical centre, and to examine the frequency of a formal diagnosis of obesity. This cross-sectional summary from a large US integrated health system found that three out of every four patients had overweight or obesity based on BMI. Less than half of patients who were identified as having obesity according to BMI received a formal diagnosis via ICD-9 documentation.
AHRQ-funded; HS024128.
Citation: Pantalone KM, Hobbs TM, Chagin KM .
Prevalence and recognition of obesity and its associated comorbidities: cross-sectional analysis of electronic health record data from a large US integrated health system.
BMJ Open 2017 Nov 16;7(11):e017583. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017583..
Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Systems, Obesity, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Varban OA, Cassidy RB, Bonham A
Factors associated with achieving a body mass index of less than 30 after bariatric surgery.
This study identified predictors for achieving a BMI of less than 30 after bariatric surgery. Patients who had a sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, or duodenal switch were more likely to achieve a BMI of less than 30 compared with those who underwent adjustable gastric banding. Only 8.5 percent of patients with a BMI greater than 50 achieved a BMI of less than 30 after bariatric surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS023621.
Citation: Varban OA, Cassidy RB, Bonham A .
Factors associated with achieving a body mass index of less than 30 after bariatric surgery.
JAMA Surg 2017 Nov;152(11):1058-64. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.2348.
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Keywords: Health Status, Obesity, Outcomes, Obesity: Weight Management
Halbert CH, Jefferson M, Melvin CL
Provider advice about weight loss in a primary care sample of obese and overweight patients.
In this study the investigators examined receipt of provider advice to lose weight among primary care patients who were overweight and obese. The investigators found that patient beliefs about their weight status and perceptions about shared decision-making are important to receiving provider advice about weight loss/management among primary care patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023047.
Citation: Halbert CH, Jefferson M, Melvin CL .
Provider advice about weight loss in a primary care sample of obese and overweight patients.
J Prim Care Community Health 2017 Oct;8(4):239-46. doi: 10.1177/2150131917715336..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Practice Patterns, Primary Care
Fallah-Fini S, Adam A, Cheskin LJ
The additional costs and health effects of a patient having overweight or obesity: a computational model.
This paper estimates specific additional disease outcomes and costs that could be prevented by helping a patient go from an obesity or overweight category to a normal weight category at different ages.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Fallah-Fini S, Adam A, Cheskin LJ .
The additional costs and health effects of a patient having overweight or obesity: a computational model.
Obesity 2017 Oct;25(10):1809-15. doi: 10.1002/oby.21965.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Obesity, Outcomes
Wong MS, Jones-Smith JC, Colantuoni E
The longitudinal association between early childhood obesity and fathers' involvement in caregiving and decision-making.
This study assessed the longitudinal association between changes in obesity among children aged 2 to 4 years and changes in fathers' involvement with raising children. Children whose fathers increased their frequency of taking children outside and involvement with physical childcare experienced a decrease in their odds of obesity from age 2 to age 4.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Wong MS, Jones-Smith JC, Colantuoni E .
The longitudinal association between early childhood obesity and fathers' involvement in caregiving and decision-making.
Obesity 2017 Oct;25(10):1754-61. doi: 10.1002/oby.21902.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Obesity, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Pellegrini CA, Ledford G, Hoffman SA
Preferences and motivation for weight loss among knee replacement patients: implications for a patient-centered weight loss intervention.
The purpose of this study was to identify knee replacement patient preferences for weight loss programs and qualitatively understand previous motives for weight loss attempts as well as strategies used to facilitate behavior changes. It provides a preliminary examination into the motives for weight loss, strategies utilized during past weight loss attempts, and preferences for future weight loss programs as described by knee replacement patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Pellegrini CA, Ledford G, Hoffman SA .
Preferences and motivation for weight loss among knee replacement patients: implications for a patient-centered weight loss intervention.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017 Aug 1;18(1):327. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1687-x.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Surgery, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Wong MS, Showell NN, Bleich SN
The association between parent-reported provider communication quality and child obesity status: variation by parent obesity and child race/ethnicity.
This study examined the association between healthcare provider communication quality and child obesity status, and the role of parent obesity and child race/ethnicity regarding this association. It found that parents of obese children experienced better communication if parents were non-obese or children were non-Hispanic Black or Asian.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Wong MS, Showell NN, Bleich SN .
The association between parent-reported provider communication quality and child obesity status: variation by parent obesity and child race/ethnicity.
Patient Educ Couns 2017 Aug;100(8):1588-97. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.03.015.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Obesity, Clinician-Patient Communication, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Quattrin Wilfley, DE
The promise and opportunities for screening and treating childhood obesity: USPSTF recommendation statement.
This editorial discusses the updated recommendation statement and evidence review released by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) on screening for obesity in children. The Task Force recommendations are called ‘a call to arms’ against a condition that has immediate as well as long-term consequences for the health of the children affected. The authors note that the evaluation techniques for screening for obesity carry very few risks. Family-based behavioral treatment and the effectiveness of behavioral interventions, as well as pharmacotherapies, are also discussed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022816.
Citation: Quattrin Wilfley, DE .
The promise and opportunities for screening and treating childhood obesity: USPSTF recommendation statement.
JAMA Pediatr 2017 Aug;171(8):733-35. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.1604..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Guidelines, Obesity, Prevention, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Li W, Ayers DC, Lewis CG
Functional gain and pain relief after total joint replacement according to obesity status.
The researchers examined the changes between preoperative and postoperative function and pain in a large representative U.S. cohort to determine if there was a relationship to obesity status. They found that six months after total joint replacement, severely or morbidly obese patients reported excellent pain relief and substantial functional gain that was similar to the findings in other patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018910.
Citation: Li W, Ayers DC, Lewis CG .
Functional gain and pain relief after total joint replacement according to obesity status.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2017 Jul 19;99(14):1183-89. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.16.00960.
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Keywords: Obesity, Surgery, Pain, Arthritis, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Fiechtner L, Puente GC, Sharifi M
A community resource map to support clinical-community linkages in a randomized controlled trial of childhood obesity, eastern Massachusetts, 2014-2016.
The researchers describe the process by which they created an online interactive community resources map for use in the Connect for Health randomized controlled trial. The trial was conducted in the 6 pediatric practices that cared for the highest percentage of children with overweight or obesity. Parents and community partners identified several community resources that could help support behavior change.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Puente GC, Sharifi M .
A community resource map to support clinical-community linkages in a randomized controlled trial of childhood obesity, eastern Massachusetts, 2014-2016.
Prev Chronic Dis 2017 Jul 6;14:E53. doi: 10.5888/pcd14.160577.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Community Partnerships
Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
This study reviews evidence of behavioral lifestyle interventions for weight loss in this population. Evidence for the effectiveness of behavioral interventions versus pharmacological or surgical treatment was limited. Comprehensive and intensive behavioral interventions can result in clinically significant, albeit modest, weight loss in this obese subpopulation but may not result in significant improvements in other cardiometabolic risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022702.
Citation: Lv N, Azar KMJ, Rosas LG .
Behavioral lifestyle interventions for moderate and severe obesity: a systematic review.
Prev Med 2017 Jul;100:180-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.022.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Kass AE, Theim Hurst K, Kolko RP
Psychometric evaluation of the youth eating disorder examination questionnaire in children with overweight or obesity.
This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Youth Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (YEDE-Q) and its utility for detecting loss of control (LOC) eating . It concluded that the YEDE-Q may not have utility as a screener for identifying true cases of LOC eating among school-age children with overweight or obesity.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kass AE, Theim Hurst K, Kolko RP .
Psychometric evaluation of the youth eating disorder examination questionnaire in children with overweight or obesity.
Int J Eat Disord 2017 Jul;50(7):776-80. doi: 10.1002/eat.22693.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents, Nutrition, Obesity, Screening
Kass AE, Wilfley DE, Eddy KT
Secretive eating among youth with overweight or obesity.
This study evaluated the prevalence and correlates of secretive eating in youth with overweight or obesity. It found that youth who endorsed secretive eating had higher eating-related psychopathology and were more likely to endorse loss of control eating and purging than their counterparts who did not endorse secretive eating. Groups did not differ in excessive exercise or behavioral problems.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kass AE, Wilfley DE, Eddy KT .
Secretive eating among youth with overweight or obesity.
Appetite 2017 Jul 1;114:275-81. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.042.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents, Obesity
Beckman AL, Herrin J, Nasir K
Trends in cardiovascular health of US adults by income, 2005-2014.
This research letter discusses the trends in cardiovascular health of US adults by income from 2005-2014. The investigators assessed national trends in cardiovascular risk factors by income level among adults aged 25 years and older using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, a nationally representative, multistage probability sample of the US population, across 5 periods: 2005 to 2006, 2007 to 2008, 2009 to 2010, 2011 to 2012, and 2013 to 2014.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Beckman AL, Herrin J, Nasir K .
Trends in cardiovascular health of US adults by income, 2005-2014.
JAMA Cardiol 2017 Jul;2(7):814-16. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2017.1654..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Disparities, Health Status, Blood Pressure, Obesity, Diabetes, Low-Income, Tobacco Use
Ibrahim AM, Ghaferi AA, Thumma JR
Variation in outcomes at bariatric surgery centers of excellence.
This review describes the variation in surgical outcomes across bariatric centers of excellence and the geographic availability of high-quality centers. Even among accredited bariatric surgery centers, wide variation exists in rates of postoperative serious complications across geographic location and operative volumes.
AHRQ-funded; HS02362; HS024403.
Citation: Ibrahim AM, Ghaferi AA, Thumma JR .
Variation in outcomes at bariatric surgery centers of excellence.
JAMA Surg 2017 Jul;152(7):629-36. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.0542.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Obesity, Surgery, Outcomes, Adverse Events
O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Burda BU
Screening for obesity and intervention for weight management in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers conducted a systematic review of the benefits and harms of screening and treatment for obesity and overweight in children and adolescents to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. They concluded that lifestyle-based weight loss interventions with 26 or more hours of intervention contact are likely to help reduce excess weight in children and adolescents. The clinical significance of the small benefit of medication use is unclear.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015IEPC4.
Citation: O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Burda BU .
Screening for obesity and intervention for weight management in children and adolescents: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2017 Jun 20;317(23):2427-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.0332.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Chang SH, Liu X, Carlsson NP
Reexamining the association of body mass index with overall survival outcomes after liver transplantation.
The purpose of this study is to identify the range of body mass index (BMI) at liver transplantation (LT) associated with the lowest risks of posttransplant mortality by Model of End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) category. It concluded that obesity in LT patients is not necessarily associated with higher posttransplantation mortality and highlighted the importance of the interaction between BMI and MELD category to determine their survival likelihood.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Chang SH, Liu X, Carlsson NP .
Reexamining the association of body mass index with overall survival outcomes after liver transplantation.
Transplant Direct 2017 Jun 12;3(7):e172. doi: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000681.
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Keywords: Obesity, Transplantation, Mortality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Bello JK, Mohanty N, Bauer V
Pediatric hypertension: provider perspectives.
The researchers aimed to gain insights into reasons for low rates of diagnosis and treatment from primary care providers. In interviews, providers reflected on numerous barriers to diagnosis, management, and follow-up; recommendations for educational content; and how community health center systems can be improved. Findings informed development of a multifaceted intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS024100.
Citation: Bello JK, Mohanty N, Bauer V .
Pediatric hypertension: provider perspectives.
Glob Pediatr Health 2017 Jun 6;4:2333794x17712637. doi: 10.1177/2333794x17712637.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Healthcare Delivery, Blood Pressure, Obesity, Primary Care
Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
The authors of this study compared the effects of alternate behavioral interventions on obesity-related health behaviors by conducting a comparative effectiveness education trial in a community-based sample of 530 adult African Americans. The investigators suggest that education about risk factors for chronic disease and evidence-based strategies for health behavior change may be useful for addressing obesity-related behaviors among African Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS019339.
Citation: Halbert CH, Bellamy S, Briggs V .
A comparative effectiveness education trial for lifestyle health behavior change in African Americans.
Health Educ Res 2017 Jun 1;32(3):207-18. doi: 10.1093/her/cyx039..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Lifestyle Changes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Bossick AS, Barone C, Alexander GL
Teen, parent, and clinician expectations about obesity and related conditions during the annual well-child visit.
This study examined family (patient and parent/guardian) and clinician preferences for identification and management of obesity and obesity-related conditions during the well-child visit. Teens and parents expect weight to be discussed at well-child visits, and prefer discussions to come from a trusted clinician who uses serious, consistent language. Providers recognize several challenges and barriers to discussing weight management in the well-child visit.
AHRQ-funded; HS022417.
Citation: Bossick AS, Barone C, Alexander GL .
Teen, parent, and clinician expectations about obesity and related conditions during the annual well-child visit.
J Patient Cent Res Rev 2017 Summer;4(3):114-24. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1444.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Richardson MB, Williams MS, Fontaine KR
The development of scientific evidence for health policies for obesity: why and how?.
The authors discuss the relevance, and in some cases irrelevance, of some of the types of evidence that are often brought to bear in considering obesity-related policy decisions. They then discuss major methods used to generate such evidence, emphasizing study design and the varying quality of the evidence obtained. They also consider what the standards of evidence should be in various contexts.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Richardson MB, Williams MS, Fontaine KR .
The development of scientific evidence for health policies for obesity: why and how?.
Int J Obes 2017 Jun;41(6):840-48. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2017.71.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Obesity, Policy
Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention designed to facilitate partner support for lifestyle change among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness. After 12 weeks, approximately two-thirds of participants were below their baseline weight at follow-up, including 27 percent who achieved clinically significant weight loss.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Mueser KT, Naslund JA .
Facilitating partner support for lifestyle change among adults with serious mental illness: a feasibility pilot study.
Community Ment Health J 2017 May;53(4):394-404. doi: 10.1007/s10597-017-0100-4.
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Keywords: Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management
Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Using a computational simulation model that was developed to represent all US children ages 8-11 years, the researchers estimated that if 50 percent of children would exercise, the number of obese and overweight youth would decrease by 4 percent, averting $8.1 billion in direct medical costs and $13.8 billion in lost productivity.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Lee BY, Adam A, Zenkov E .
Modeling the economic and health impact of increasing children's physical activity in the United States.
Health Aff 2017 May;36(5):902-08. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.1315.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Lifestyle Changes, Healthcare Costs, Obesity
Chang SH, Yu YC, Carlsson NP
Racial disparity in life expectancies and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions.
This study investigated racial disparity in life expectancies (LEs) and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions. It found that black individuals had higher risks of developing diabetes, hypertension, and stroke. This disparity in LE between white and black participants was largest in men age 40 to 49 with at least stroke: black men lived 3.12 years shorter than white men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Chang SH, Yu YC, Carlsson NP .
Racial disparity in life expectancies and life years lost associated with multiple obesity-related chronic conditions.
Obesity 2017 May;25(5):950-57. doi: 10.1002/oby.21822.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Health Status, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities